旋转风幕排风罩数值模拟与实验研究
|
摘要
如何对那些已经产生并有可能在空气中漂浮和扩散的呼吸性粉尘或有害气体进行有效控制处理或排放是通风领域中一个非常重要但尚未得到很好解决的问题。国内外有关专家已意识到,要切底解决这个问题,必须放弃传统的抽吸方式,利用柔性的风幕或吹吸气流代替刚性的挡板。将吸口放到有害物附近或干脆将其“罩住”。但当外部干扰较大时,因风幕变形或吹气流破坏,效果明显降低。
为了解决这一问题,有人提出了利用旋转风幕抗干扰能力强的特性,加强对有害物源扩散的控制,提高气幕式排风罩的捕集效果。由于对这种排风罩缺乏系统理论研究,至今处于尝试阶段。为了更好地推广应用这一新技术,本论文以旋转风幕排风罩为研究对象,针对其作用机理,借助流体力学、空气动力学,紊动射流理论及其它相关理论,采用模拟试验手段和计算机仿真技术,从旋转风幕的结构、控制机理及吹吸气流流动规律等多个方面对旋转风幕排风罩气流流场进行了系统综合的研究:
(1)理论分析旋转风幕的形成过程,阐述旋转风幕的屏蔽控制作用机理。
(2)分析旋转风幕气流流场结构特性,根据流体力学、空气动力学、传热学等相关基础理论,建立旋转风幕排风罩气流流场结构数学模型。选用CFD商用软件FLUENT对旋转风幕排风罩气流流场进行数值模拟,反映出风幕的送风角度、送风量、送风口宽度及排风量对旋转风幕稳定性的影响,得出了最佳送风参数及吹吸流量比;并分别以CO气体和余热作为有害物的代表,在旋转风幕的控制作用下,对流场内CO浓度分布和温度分布进行了数值模拟。模拟结果表明:旋转风幕能有效地控制有害物及热源扩散,提高排风罩的捕集效率。
(3)通过模拟试验,进一步研究相关因素对排风罩性能的影响,验证理论分析。
How to efficiently control and drain breathing dust and harmful gas which may float and diffuse in the air is a very important problem in the field of dust removal by ventilation ,but still can not be solved. Domestic and foreign experts have recognized that problem can not be thoroughly solved unless traditional way of suction be given up, that is, substituting soft brattice or blast suction air for rigid apron, and extending suction entrance near harmful substance or surrounding it. However, the suction efficiency may obviously decrease due to the deformation of brattice or the destroy of blast air resulting from disturbance outside.
In order to solve this problem, some people proposed we can make the use of the strong anti-interference characteristic property of the rotated air curtain, enhance the control of harmful thing source diffusing, raise catch and collection effect of curtain type exhaust hood. Because of the lack of the system theory research, the use are still at attempt stage. In order to disseminate and apply the new technology much better, In this paper, the rotated air curtain exhaust hood is object of study. Aiming at the mechanism of action, drawing support from hydromechanics, aerodynamics, turbulent jet theory and other relevance theory; adopting analogue experiment means and the computer simulation technology, from structure of rotated air curtain, controlling mechanism and drift law of blow and exhaust flow etc., many aspects have been carried out system and synthetical study on the rotated air curtain exhaust hood:
(1) Theoretical analysis the formation process of rotated air curtain, define the shield and control mechanism of rotated air curtain.
(2) Analysing structure characteristic property of rotated air curtain, according to hydromechanics, aerodynamics, heat transfer and other relevance theory, structure mathematic model of flow field of rotated air curtain exhaust hood is established, Selecting and using CFD commercial software FLUENT , the gas flow field of rotated air curtain exhaust hood is simulated, reflecting out the impact of angle and velocity of air supply, width of supply air outlet and exhaust air capacity on stability of rotated air curtain and the best supply air parameter and the best ratio of blow and exhaust are obtained; using CO gas as representative of noxious substance,number simulation of concentration and temperature distribution is done under the control of rotated air curtain of heat source. The results show: the rotated air curtain can control noxious substance and heat source diffusion effectively and raise arresting efficiency of exhaust hood.
(3) By simulation test, study impact further of relevance factors over exhaust hood function, verify and theoretical analysis structure mathematic model of flow field of rotated air curtain exhaust hood.
为了解决这一问题,有人提出了利用旋转风幕抗干扰能力强的特性,加强对有害物源扩散的控制,提高气幕式排风罩的捕集效果。由于对这种排风罩缺乏系统理论研究,至今处于尝试阶段。为了更好地推广应用这一新技术,本论文以旋转风幕排风罩为研究对象,针对其作用机理,借助流体力学、空气动力学,紊动射流理论及其它相关理论,采用模拟试验手段和计算机仿真技术,从旋转风幕的结构、控制机理及吹吸气流流动规律等多个方面对旋转风幕排风罩气流流场进行了系统综合的研究:
(1)理论分析旋转风幕的形成过程,阐述旋转风幕的屏蔽控制作用机理。
(2)分析旋转风幕气流流场结构特性,根据流体力学、空气动力学、传热学等相关基础理论,建立旋转风幕排风罩气流流场结构数学模型。选用CFD商用软件FLUENT对旋转风幕排风罩气流流场进行数值模拟,反映出风幕的送风角度、送风量、送风口宽度及排风量对旋转风幕稳定性的影响,得出了最佳送风参数及吹吸流量比;并分别以CO气体和余热作为有害物的代表,在旋转风幕的控制作用下,对流场内CO浓度分布和温度分布进行了数值模拟。模拟结果表明:旋转风幕能有效地控制有害物及热源扩散,提高排风罩的捕集效率。
(3)通过模拟试验,进一步研究相关因素对排风罩性能的影响,验证理论分析。
How to efficiently control and drain breathing dust and harmful gas which may float and diffuse in the air is a very important problem in the field of dust removal by ventilation ,but still can not be solved. Domestic and foreign experts have recognized that problem can not be thoroughly solved unless traditional way of suction be given up, that is, substituting soft brattice or blast suction air for rigid apron, and extending suction entrance near harmful substance or surrounding it. However, the suction efficiency may obviously decrease due to the deformation of brattice or the destroy of blast air resulting from disturbance outside.
In order to solve this problem, some people proposed we can make the use of the strong anti-interference characteristic property of the rotated air curtain, enhance the control of harmful thing source diffusing, raise catch and collection effect of curtain type exhaust hood. Because of the lack of the system theory research, the use are still at attempt stage. In order to disseminate and apply the new technology much better, In this paper, the rotated air curtain exhaust hood is object of study. Aiming at the mechanism of action, drawing support from hydromechanics, aerodynamics, turbulent jet theory and other relevance theory; adopting analogue experiment means and the computer simulation technology, from structure of rotated air curtain, controlling mechanism and drift law of blow and exhaust flow etc., many aspects have been carried out system and synthetical study on the rotated air curtain exhaust hood:
(1) Theoretical analysis the formation process of rotated air curtain, define the shield and control mechanism of rotated air curtain.
(2) Analysing structure characteristic property of rotated air curtain, according to hydromechanics, aerodynamics, heat transfer and other relevance theory, structure mathematic model of flow field of rotated air curtain exhaust hood is established, Selecting and using CFD commercial software FLUENT , the gas flow field of rotated air curtain exhaust hood is simulated, reflecting out the impact of angle and velocity of air supply, width of supply air outlet and exhaust air capacity on stability of rotated air curtain and the best supply air parameter and the best ratio of blow and exhaust are obtained; using CO gas as representative of noxious substance,number simulation of concentration and temperature distribution is done under the control of rotated air curtain of heat source. The results show: the rotated air curtain can control noxious substance and heat source diffusion effectively and raise arresting efficiency of exhaust hood.
(3) By simulation test, study impact further of relevance factors over exhaust hood function, verify and theoretical analysis structure mathematic model of flow field of rotated air curtain exhaust hood.
引文
[1]姜初炎.强化煤矿综合防尘技术降低尘肺病发生率[J].能源与环境,2005,(1):5-7.
[2]李向荣,李丽婷,付经伦.旋转气流的数值模拟及试验验证[J].车用发动机,2004,(6):22-25.
[3]孙一坚主编.工业通风[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.
[4]王汉青,汪兴华.局部排风罩的优化设计方法[J].暖通空调,1995(5):11-15.
[5]孙一坚,杨勇健.吹吸式排风罩的二维紊流数值解及特性分析[J].暖通空调,1991(1):23-26.
[6]林太郎,柴田真为.工业通风与空气调节.[M].北京:北京工业大学学出版刊,1987.
[7]Hyegarn.C.Z.Aerodynamic Control Exhaust.International air current organization academic conference collection,1987.
[8]林豹,于广荣.射流作用下的吸气流动特性研究.通风除尘[J],1990,(3):1-7.
[9]陆亚俊,洪中华等.气幕旋风排气罩的实验研究[J].通风除尘,1992(4):31-35.
[10]陈幼松.利用龙卷风原理的新式排气装置[J].通风除尘,1987(3):52.
[11]许邦令.旋转气流应用于排风罩的探讨[C],全国暖通空调制冷1990年学术年会论文集.
[12]郭胜均,张设计,吴百剑,李德文.气幕控尘模拟试验研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2005,(3):11-12.
[13]N.Aziz.Air-Powered Venturi Scrubbers for Airborne Dust Control in a Longwall Face,Australia Coal.1993.
[14]李岚、周维奇(译).吸尘滚筒原理及其除尘效果[M].北京:世界煤炭技术,1994.
[15]陈坚(译).空气幕-抽气罩组合系统的应用[J].通风除尘,1991,(1):23-24.
[16]孙一坚.吹吸气流隔断局部空间的研究[J].空气动力学学报,1998,(3):6-7.
[17]Cecala Andrew B,Pallel Loading Dust Control system,Report of Instigation-U.S,Bureau of Mines,1988.
[18]许帮令.排风罩控制污染的试验研究[J].安全,1984,(2):12-15.
[19]刘永年译.工业通风原理[M].北京:中国工业出版社,1965.
[20]潘梅林,潘衍强.轴对称湍流射流的相似解[J].空气动力学报,1989,(7):35-39.
[21]孙育灵.利用气流覆盖通风系统控制有害物[J].通风除尘,1982,(1):11-14.
[22]马世立等.气幕覆盖式烟罩控制混铁炉烟尘的试验研究[J].通风除尘,1992,3,13-18.
[23]张封林,盛春华.射流-横向流相互干涉下涡流的形成与衰减[J].空气动力学报,1988,(6): 46-49.
[24]曹新民.用均匀送风风幕替代局部排风的实践[J].通风除尘,1996(1):42-45.
[25]于立强,福克.彼德森.带有空气幕排气罩的计算方法[J].暖通空调,1994(5):17-19.
[26]聂淼.气幕通风罩的实验研究[J].暖通空调,1994(3):16-18.
[27]矛希清,史建国,孙莉华.吹吸气流的实验研究[J].通风除尘,1995(3):11-13.
[28]周乃如,朱凤德,竟峰.吹吸气流控制粉尘试验与应用[J].郑州工程学院学报,2001(3):1-7.
[29]陆亚俊,洪中华,荆元福.气幕旋风排风罩的实验研究[J].通风除尘,1992,(4):31-35.
[30]张景松,周世宁.人造龙卷风控制抽吸[J].中国旷业大学学报,1996(3):1-5.
[31]刘荣华,王海桥.机掘工作面旋转射流通风理论探讨[J].中国安全科学学报,2002(4):76-78.
[32]董志勇编著.射流力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[33]余常昭编.紊动射流[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1993.
[34]张景松.人造龙卷风形成机理[J].煤炭学报,1996,(8):404-405.
[35]赵全福主编.煤矿安全手册(第三篇,矿井粉尘防治)[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1992.
[36]叶钟元主编.矿尘防治[M].中国矿业大学出版社,1991.
[37]王福军编著.计算流体动力学分析[M].北京:清华大学出版,2004.
[38]陶文铨编.数值传热学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002.
[39]Marzio Piller,Enrio Nobile,J.Thmoas,DNS study of turbulent transport at low Prandl numbers in a channel flow[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2002(458):419-441.
[40]J.G.Wissink.DNS of separating low Reynolds number flow in a turbine cascade with incoming wakes[J].International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,2003(4):626-635.
[41]V.Michelassi,J.G.Wissink,W.Rodi.Direct numerical,large eddy simulation and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulations of periodic unsteady flow in a low-pressure turbine cascade.A comparison.Journal of Power and Energy[J],2003(4):413-412
[42]V.stephane.Local mesh refinement and penalty methods dedicated to the Direct Numerical Simulation of incompressible multiphase flows.Proceedings of the ASME/JSME Joint Fluids Engineering Conference,2003.
[43]J.O.Hinze.Turbulence.McGraw-Hill,New York.1975.
[44]Fluent Inc.FLUENT User's Guide.Fluent Inc.,2003.
[45]范维澄,李康.一种新的壁面函数[C].燃烧论文集,北京:学术期刊出版社,1989.246-P250.
[46]平浚编著.射流理论基础及理论[M].北京:宇航出版社,1995.
[47]谢象春.湍流射流理论与计算[M].北京:科学出版社,1975.
[48]周雪漪.计算水力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995.
[49]郭鸿志.传输过程数值模拟[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1998.
[50]S.V.Patanker,D.B.Spalding,A calculation processure for heat,mass and momentum transfer in three-dimensional parabolic flows,Int J Heat Mass Transfer[J],1972(15):1787-1806.
[51]黄克智,薛明德,陆明万.张量分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[52]乐有奋,王汉青,李向阳.吹、吸气幕应用于排风柜的研究[J],流体机械,2002,(30):55-58.
[53]林太郎等著.工业通风与空气调节[M].北京:北京工业大学出版社,1988.
[54]钱翼稷编著.空气动力学[M].北京:北京航空航天出版社,2004.
[55]易中等著.低速空气动力学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005.
[56]朱仁庆等编著.实验流体力学[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005.
[2]李向荣,李丽婷,付经伦.旋转气流的数值模拟及试验验证[J].车用发动机,2004,(6):22-25.
[3]孙一坚主编.工业通风[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.
[4]王汉青,汪兴华.局部排风罩的优化设计方法[J].暖通空调,1995(5):11-15.
[5]孙一坚,杨勇健.吹吸式排风罩的二维紊流数值解及特性分析[J].暖通空调,1991(1):23-26.
[6]林太郎,柴田真为.工业通风与空气调节.[M].北京:北京工业大学学出版刊,1987.
[7]Hyegarn.C.Z.Aerodynamic Control Exhaust.International air current organization academic conference collection,1987.
[8]林豹,于广荣.射流作用下的吸气流动特性研究.通风除尘[J],1990,(3):1-7.
[9]陆亚俊,洪中华等.气幕旋风排气罩的实验研究[J].通风除尘,1992(4):31-35.
[10]陈幼松.利用龙卷风原理的新式排气装置[J].通风除尘,1987(3):52.
[11]许邦令.旋转气流应用于排风罩的探讨[C],全国暖通空调制冷1990年学术年会论文集.
[12]郭胜均,张设计,吴百剑,李德文.气幕控尘模拟试验研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2005,(3):11-12.
[13]N.Aziz.Air-Powered Venturi Scrubbers for Airborne Dust Control in a Longwall Face,Australia Coal.1993.
[14]李岚、周维奇(译).吸尘滚筒原理及其除尘效果[M].北京:世界煤炭技术,1994.
[15]陈坚(译).空气幕-抽气罩组合系统的应用[J].通风除尘,1991,(1):23-24.
[16]孙一坚.吹吸气流隔断局部空间的研究[J].空气动力学学报,1998,(3):6-7.
[17]Cecala Andrew B,Pallel Loading Dust Control system,Report of Instigation-U.S,Bureau of Mines,1988.
[18]许帮令.排风罩控制污染的试验研究[J].安全,1984,(2):12-15.
[19]刘永年译.工业通风原理[M].北京:中国工业出版社,1965.
[20]潘梅林,潘衍强.轴对称湍流射流的相似解[J].空气动力学报,1989,(7):35-39.
[21]孙育灵.利用气流覆盖通风系统控制有害物[J].通风除尘,1982,(1):11-14.
[22]马世立等.气幕覆盖式烟罩控制混铁炉烟尘的试验研究[J].通风除尘,1992,3,13-18.
[23]张封林,盛春华.射流-横向流相互干涉下涡流的形成与衰减[J].空气动力学报,1988,(6): 46-49.
[24]曹新民.用均匀送风风幕替代局部排风的实践[J].通风除尘,1996(1):42-45.
[25]于立强,福克.彼德森.带有空气幕排气罩的计算方法[J].暖通空调,1994(5):17-19.
[26]聂淼.气幕通风罩的实验研究[J].暖通空调,1994(3):16-18.
[27]矛希清,史建国,孙莉华.吹吸气流的实验研究[J].通风除尘,1995(3):11-13.
[28]周乃如,朱凤德,竟峰.吹吸气流控制粉尘试验与应用[J].郑州工程学院学报,2001(3):1-7.
[29]陆亚俊,洪中华,荆元福.气幕旋风排风罩的实验研究[J].通风除尘,1992,(4):31-35.
[30]张景松,周世宁.人造龙卷风控制抽吸[J].中国旷业大学学报,1996(3):1-5.
[31]刘荣华,王海桥.机掘工作面旋转射流通风理论探讨[J].中国安全科学学报,2002(4):76-78.
[32]董志勇编著.射流力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[33]余常昭编.紊动射流[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1993.
[34]张景松.人造龙卷风形成机理[J].煤炭学报,1996,(8):404-405.
[35]赵全福主编.煤矿安全手册(第三篇,矿井粉尘防治)[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1992.
[36]叶钟元主编.矿尘防治[M].中国矿业大学出版社,1991.
[37]王福军编著.计算流体动力学分析[M].北京:清华大学出版,2004.
[38]陶文铨编.数值传热学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002.
[39]Marzio Piller,Enrio Nobile,J.Thmoas,DNS study of turbulent transport at low Prandl numbers in a channel flow[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2002(458):419-441.
[40]J.G.Wissink.DNS of separating low Reynolds number flow in a turbine cascade with incoming wakes[J].International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,2003(4):626-635.
[41]V.Michelassi,J.G.Wissink,W.Rodi.Direct numerical,large eddy simulation and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulations of periodic unsteady flow in a low-pressure turbine cascade.A comparison.Journal of Power and Energy[J],2003(4):413-412
[42]V.stephane.Local mesh refinement and penalty methods dedicated to the Direct Numerical Simulation of incompressible multiphase flows.Proceedings of the ASME/JSME Joint Fluids Engineering Conference,2003.
[43]J.O.Hinze.Turbulence.McGraw-Hill,New York.1975.
[44]Fluent Inc.FLUENT User's Guide.Fluent Inc.,2003.
[45]范维澄,李康.一种新的壁面函数[C].燃烧论文集,北京:学术期刊出版社,1989.246-P250.
[46]平浚编著.射流理论基础及理论[M].北京:宇航出版社,1995.
[47]谢象春.湍流射流理论与计算[M].北京:科学出版社,1975.
[48]周雪漪.计算水力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995.
[49]郭鸿志.传输过程数值模拟[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1998.
[50]S.V.Patanker,D.B.Spalding,A calculation processure for heat,mass and momentum transfer in three-dimensional parabolic flows,Int J Heat Mass Transfer[J],1972(15):1787-1806.
[51]黄克智,薛明德,陆明万.张量分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[52]乐有奋,王汉青,李向阳.吹、吸气幕应用于排风柜的研究[J],流体机械,2002,(30):55-58.
[53]林太郎等著.工业通风与空气调节[M].北京:北京工业大学出版社,1988.
[54]钱翼稷编著.空气动力学[M].北京:北京航空航天出版社,2004.
[55]易中等著.低速空气动力学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005.
[56]朱仁庆等编著.实验流体力学[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005.