低振动滚筒洗衣机脱水减振技术的研究
|
摘要
滚筒洗衣机在脱水启动以及运行过程中存在着强烈的振动,这种振动是由于偏心负载的作用引起的。滚筒洗衣机工作时,由于负载的作用使得驱动电机定转子之间的气隙磁场分布呈现不对称分布状态,从而在转子上产生单边磁拉力,使得转矩出现脉动。这将使洗衣机滚筒产生振动,并伴随着强烈的噪声。针对洗衣机的减振降噪前人开发了一系列机械角度的减振方法,但都存在种种限制。随着近年来信号检测技术,电机控制技术以及智能控制技术的发展,新型号的洗衣机减振方法的开发得到了长足的进步。
本文在理论和实验基础上针对斜式滚筒洗衣机的振动检测以及振动控制做了详细的研究工作,本文的结构以及主要内容如下:
第一章首先介绍了滚筒洗衣机的振动和噪声的产生机理,然后针对选题背景以及实际意义做了详细论述,介绍了国内外滚筒洗衣机振动检测以及振动控制的主要技术手段。对全文工作做了简单介绍。
第二章介绍了永磁同步电机矢量控制系统的基本原理,然后介绍了驱动系统的主要硬件组。最后,针对驱动系统控制软件PE-View的主要功能做了简单介绍。
第三章首先介绍了脱水振动产生的机理以及振动检测方案,然后介绍了偏心负载的径向及轴向位置的确定方法,并给出实验验证,其中径向定位由前期工作完成。然后介绍了应用模糊控制对偏心负载轴向位置进行确定的方法并给出了仿真结果。最后介绍了振动的定子电流检测法,推导出了单边磁拉力公式,指出了气隙分布不对称情形下,转子上的电磁力含有2倍频周期分量。之后给出了偏心运行时的定子电流频谱,发现定子电流中存在明显的2倍频分量。
第四章介绍了自振动分段控制法的原理并给出了实验结果,提出了基于前馈控制的减振方法,提出了控制算法的快速开发方法。
第五章对全文的工作做了总结,并对研究课题的发展做了论述。
When the drum washing machine start and run in the dehydration process, there is a strong vibration, which is due to the role of eccentric load. Drum washing machine at work, due to the role of the load makes the asymmetry distribution of the magnetic field distribution between the drive motor stator and rotor air gap, resulting in the rotor to generate unilateral magnetic pull, allowing torque pulsation occurs. This will allow washing machine drum to vibrate, and accompanied by a strong noise. For the washing machine noise and vibration reduction predecessors developed a series of mechanical damping angle of approach, but there are limitations. In recent years, with the development of signal detection techniques, motor control technology and intelligent control technology,new models of washing machines vibration methods are being developed with considerable progress.
In this paper, you can know the research work in detail, which is theoretical and experimental basis for the ramp-style drum washing machine vibration detection and vibration control. The structure and the main content of this article are as follows:
Chapter one introduced the drum washing machine vibration and noise generation mechanism, and then the background for the topics of practical significance, as well as a detailed exposition paper introduces the drum washing machine vibration detection and vibration control of the main technical means.
Chapter two describes the permanent magnet synchronous motor vector control system, the basic method, and then introduced the drive system's main hardware groups. Finally, for the drive system control software, the main function of PE-View did a brief introduction.
Chapter three first introduced the mechanism of dehydration produced by vibration and vibration testing program, and then introduced the eccentric load to determine the radial and axial position, and gives experimental verification. The determination of radial position was done by predecessor. Then introduced the application of fuzzy control to the eccentric axial loading location to determine the method and gives the simulation results. Finally the vibration of the stator current detection method, derived the formula of unilateral magnetic pull that the distribution of air gap asymmetry case, the rotor of the electromagnetic force multiplier cycle contains two components. Run-time is given after the eccentric stator current spectrum and found that there exists an obvious stator current in the two harmonic components.
Chapter four describes the vibration control method since the principle and the experimental results, is proposed based on the vibration method of feedforward control.
Chapter five describes the work done on the full sum, and the development of research done is discussed.
本文在理论和实验基础上针对斜式滚筒洗衣机的振动检测以及振动控制做了详细的研究工作,本文的结构以及主要内容如下:
第一章首先介绍了滚筒洗衣机的振动和噪声的产生机理,然后针对选题背景以及实际意义做了详细论述,介绍了国内外滚筒洗衣机振动检测以及振动控制的主要技术手段。对全文工作做了简单介绍。
第二章介绍了永磁同步电机矢量控制系统的基本原理,然后介绍了驱动系统的主要硬件组。最后,针对驱动系统控制软件PE-View的主要功能做了简单介绍。
第三章首先介绍了脱水振动产生的机理以及振动检测方案,然后介绍了偏心负载的径向及轴向位置的确定方法,并给出实验验证,其中径向定位由前期工作完成。然后介绍了应用模糊控制对偏心负载轴向位置进行确定的方法并给出了仿真结果。最后介绍了振动的定子电流检测法,推导出了单边磁拉力公式,指出了气隙分布不对称情形下,转子上的电磁力含有2倍频周期分量。之后给出了偏心运行时的定子电流频谱,发现定子电流中存在明显的2倍频分量。
第四章介绍了自振动分段控制法的原理并给出了实验结果,提出了基于前馈控制的减振方法,提出了控制算法的快速开发方法。
第五章对全文的工作做了总结,并对研究课题的发展做了论述。
When the drum washing machine start and run in the dehydration process, there is a strong vibration, which is due to the role of eccentric load. Drum washing machine at work, due to the role of the load makes the asymmetry distribution of the magnetic field distribution between the drive motor stator and rotor air gap, resulting in the rotor to generate unilateral magnetic pull, allowing torque pulsation occurs. This will allow washing machine drum to vibrate, and accompanied by a strong noise. For the washing machine noise and vibration reduction predecessors developed a series of mechanical damping angle of approach, but there are limitations. In recent years, with the development of signal detection techniques, motor control technology and intelligent control technology,new models of washing machines vibration methods are being developed with considerable progress.
In this paper, you can know the research work in detail, which is theoretical and experimental basis for the ramp-style drum washing machine vibration detection and vibration control. The structure and the main content of this article are as follows:
Chapter one introduced the drum washing machine vibration and noise generation mechanism, and then the background for the topics of practical significance, as well as a detailed exposition paper introduces the drum washing machine vibration detection and vibration control of the main technical means.
Chapter two describes the permanent magnet synchronous motor vector control system, the basic method, and then introduced the drive system's main hardware groups. Finally, for the drive system control software, the main function of PE-View did a brief introduction.
Chapter three first introduced the mechanism of dehydration produced by vibration and vibration testing program, and then introduced the eccentric load to determine the radial and axial position, and gives experimental verification. The determination of radial position was done by predecessor. Then introduced the application of fuzzy control to the eccentric axial loading location to determine the method and gives the simulation results. Finally the vibration of the stator current detection method, derived the formula of unilateral magnetic pull that the distribution of air gap asymmetry case, the rotor of the electromagnetic force multiplier cycle contains two components. Run-time is given after the eccentric stator current spectrum and found that there exists an obvious stator current in the two harmonic components.
Chapter four describes the vibration control method since the principle and the experimental results, is proposed based on the vibration method of feedforward control.
Chapter five describes the work done on the full sum, and the development of research done is discussed.
引文
[1]王磊,中国滚筒洗衣机的发展趋势,家电科技,2004,2-3:78-79.
[2]翟俊峰,倾斜轴滚筒洗衣机振动分析及减振方法,家电科技,2002,12:66-67.
[3]顾乾坤,张世平,李才友等,小振动低噪声洗衣机的开发,噪声与振动控制,2003,5:42-44.
[4]潘元明,洗衣机噪声及降噪措施,家用电器,1999,10:24.
[5]刘玉春,倾斜滚筒洗衣机动力学建模与仿真分析,天津大学硕士学位论文,2002.
[6]胡海燕,滚筒洗衣机的建模与运动仿真研究,武汉交通科技大学硕士学位论文,2000.
[7]徐超,左言言,李晓川,滚筒洗衣机箱体振动与噪声控制,环境工程,2008,26(1):57-60.
[8]刘庆亮,滚筒洗衣机的振动分析,天津大学硕士学位论文,2001.
[9]张艳青,滚筒洗衣机动力学特性研究,山东大学硕士学位论文,2001.
[10]衣同颖,滚筒洗衣机力学建模与支承轴承校验,天津大学硕士学位论文,2002.
[11]硕楠,全自动滚筒洗衣机洗涤效果的综合实验研究,天津大学硕士学位论文,2002.
[12]郭秉毅,洗衣机用DD无刷直流电机仿真分析与实验研究,哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[13]夏虹,滚筒式洗衣机的减振方法,家用电器,2002,3:27-28.
[14]许斌,三位不平衡量检测传感器,电器,2008,7:63.
[15]刘庆亮,洗衣机驱动方式上的突破——直驱电机,家用电器,2001,12:23-24.
[16]张昊,低振动的滚筒洗衣机驱动系统控制研究,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[1]刘庆亮,洗衣机驱动方式上的突破——直驱电机,家用电器,2001,12:23-24.
[2]汤蕴璆,史乃,电机学,北京:机械工业出版社,2000.
[3]张昊,低振动的滚筒洗衣机驱动系统控制研究,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[4]王成元,夏加宽等,电机现代控制技术,北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[5]许大中,贺益康,电机控制,杭州:浙江大学出版社,2002.
[6]陈永超,李汉强,永磁同步电机矢量控制系统仿真,电机技术,2006,1:16-18
[7]汤新舟,永磁同步电机的矢量控制系统,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[8]陈伯时,陈敏逊,交流调速系统,北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[9]李永东,交流电机数字控制系统,北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[10]胡崇岳,现代交流调速技术,北京:机械工业出版社,1999.
[11]钱昊,赵荣祥,基于DSP的永磁同步电机矢量控制系统,机电工程,2006,23(5):12-15.
[12]龚云飞,富历新,基于Matlab的永磁同步电机矢量控制系统仿真研究,微电机,2007,40(2):33-36.
[13]陈敏俊,南余荣,王刚,基于空间矢量脉宽调制的新型永磁同步电机矢量控制调速系统,电机与控制应用,2007,34(3):39-44.
[14]汤新舟,永磁同步电机的矢量控制系统,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[15]Rekioua T,Meibody Tabar F,le DoeuffR,A new approach for the field-oriented control of brushless,synchronous,permanent magnet machines,Fourth International Conference on Power Electronics and Variable-Speed Drives,1991:17-19.
[16]Le-Huy H,Dessaint L.A,An adaptive current control scheme for PWM synchronous motor drives:analysis and simulation,IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1989,4(4):486-495.
[17]Pillay P,Allen C.R,Budhabhathi R,DSP-based vector and current controllers for a permanent magnet synchronous motor drive,Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting Conference Record,1990,1(1):539-544.
[18]Bimal K.Bose,Modem Power Electronics and AC Drives,北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[19][技术资料]E6H-CWZ6C User's Guide,Omron Corporation,2006.
[20][技术资料]MWINV-4R222 User's Manual,Myway Labs Corporation,2005.
[21][技术资料]PE-Inverter User's Manual,Myway Labs Corporation,2005.
[22][技术资料]PE-View User's Manual,Myway Labs Corporation,2005.
[1]马宏忠,电机状态监测与故障诊断,北京:机械工业出版社,2008.
[2]汤蕴缪,电机内的电磁场,北京:科学出版社,1998.
[3]年珩,贺益康,感应型无轴承电机磁悬浮力解析模型及其反馈控制,中国电机工程学报,2003,23(11):139-144.
[4]贺益康,年珩,阮秉涛,感应型无轴承电机的优化气隙磁场定向控制,中国电机工程学报,2004,24(6):116-121.
[5][技术资料]GS3 Sensor Datasheet,Matsushita Company,2006.
[6]张重超,机电设备噪声控制工程学[M].北京:轻工业出版社,1989.
[7]张昊,低振动的滚筒洗衣机驱动系统控制研究,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[8]李卫东,采用模糊控制的全自动洗衣机,山西电子技术,2008,3:10-12.
[9]章融融,洗衣机模糊控制策略,电气自动化,1997,3:17-19.
[10]刘贺,余成波,张方方,全自动洗衣机的模糊控制分析,重庆工学院学报(自然科学),2009,5:111-114.
[11]邱家俊,机电耦联动力系统的非线性振动,北京:科学出版社,1996.
[12]张国良,曾静,柯熙政等,模糊控制及其MATLAB应用,西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002.
[13]孙增圻,张再兴,邓志东,智能控制理论与技术,北京:清华大学出版社,1996.
[14]高景德,王祥珩,李发海,交流电机及其系统的分析,北京:清华大学出版社,1993.
[15]MI C T,FILIPPA M,LIU W G,Analytical method for predicting the air-gap flux of Interior-Type Permanent-Magnet Machines[J],IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2004,1:50-58.
[16]BINNS K.J,KURDALI A.K,Permanent Magnetic AC generators[J],IEE Proc.,1979,7:609-696.
[17]BINNS K.J,JABBAR M.A,High-field self-starting Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Motor[J],IEE Proc.,1981,3:157-160.
[18]TSAI W B,CHANG T Y,Analysis of flux leakage in a brushless Permanent-Magnet motor with embedded magnets[J],IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1999,3:543-547.
[1]Eis,Ralph O,Electric Motor Vibration-Cause,Prevention,and Cure,Industry Applications,IEEE Transactions,1975,IA-11(3)::267-275.
[2]William R.Finley,Mark M.Hodowanec,Warren G.Holter,An analytical approach to solving motor vibration problem,Industry Applications,IEEE Transactions,2000,36(5):1467-1480.
[3]William R.Finley,Mark M.Hodowanec,Warren G.Holter,Diagnosing motor vibration problems,Pulp and Paper Industry Technical Conference,2000,Conference Record of 2000 Annual,2000,19-23:165-180.
[4]张昊,低振动的滚筒洗衣机驱动系统控制研究,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[5]Ying-Yu Tzou,Jin-Yi Jyang,A progammable current vector control IC for AC motor drives,Industrial Electronics Society,1999,IECON '99 Proceedings,The 25th Annual Conference of the IEEE,1:216-221.
[2]翟俊峰,倾斜轴滚筒洗衣机振动分析及减振方法,家电科技,2002,12:66-67.
[3]顾乾坤,张世平,李才友等,小振动低噪声洗衣机的开发,噪声与振动控制,2003,5:42-44.
[4]潘元明,洗衣机噪声及降噪措施,家用电器,1999,10:24.
[5]刘玉春,倾斜滚筒洗衣机动力学建模与仿真分析,天津大学硕士学位论文,2002.
[6]胡海燕,滚筒洗衣机的建模与运动仿真研究,武汉交通科技大学硕士学位论文,2000.
[7]徐超,左言言,李晓川,滚筒洗衣机箱体振动与噪声控制,环境工程,2008,26(1):57-60.
[8]刘庆亮,滚筒洗衣机的振动分析,天津大学硕士学位论文,2001.
[9]张艳青,滚筒洗衣机动力学特性研究,山东大学硕士学位论文,2001.
[10]衣同颖,滚筒洗衣机力学建模与支承轴承校验,天津大学硕士学位论文,2002.
[11]硕楠,全自动滚筒洗衣机洗涤效果的综合实验研究,天津大学硕士学位论文,2002.
[12]郭秉毅,洗衣机用DD无刷直流电机仿真分析与实验研究,哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[13]夏虹,滚筒式洗衣机的减振方法,家用电器,2002,3:27-28.
[14]许斌,三位不平衡量检测传感器,电器,2008,7:63.
[15]刘庆亮,洗衣机驱动方式上的突破——直驱电机,家用电器,2001,12:23-24.
[16]张昊,低振动的滚筒洗衣机驱动系统控制研究,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[1]刘庆亮,洗衣机驱动方式上的突破——直驱电机,家用电器,2001,12:23-24.
[2]汤蕴璆,史乃,电机学,北京:机械工业出版社,2000.
[3]张昊,低振动的滚筒洗衣机驱动系统控制研究,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[4]王成元,夏加宽等,电机现代控制技术,北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[5]许大中,贺益康,电机控制,杭州:浙江大学出版社,2002.
[6]陈永超,李汉强,永磁同步电机矢量控制系统仿真,电机技术,2006,1:16-18
[7]汤新舟,永磁同步电机的矢量控制系统,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[8]陈伯时,陈敏逊,交流调速系统,北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[9]李永东,交流电机数字控制系统,北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[10]胡崇岳,现代交流调速技术,北京:机械工业出版社,1999.
[11]钱昊,赵荣祥,基于DSP的永磁同步电机矢量控制系统,机电工程,2006,23(5):12-15.
[12]龚云飞,富历新,基于Matlab的永磁同步电机矢量控制系统仿真研究,微电机,2007,40(2):33-36.
[13]陈敏俊,南余荣,王刚,基于空间矢量脉宽调制的新型永磁同步电机矢量控制调速系统,电机与控制应用,2007,34(3):39-44.
[14]汤新舟,永磁同步电机的矢量控制系统,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[15]Rekioua T,Meibody Tabar F,le DoeuffR,A new approach for the field-oriented control of brushless,synchronous,permanent magnet machines,Fourth International Conference on Power Electronics and Variable-Speed Drives,1991:17-19.
[16]Le-Huy H,Dessaint L.A,An adaptive current control scheme for PWM synchronous motor drives:analysis and simulation,IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1989,4(4):486-495.
[17]Pillay P,Allen C.R,Budhabhathi R,DSP-based vector and current controllers for a permanent magnet synchronous motor drive,Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting Conference Record,1990,1(1):539-544.
[18]Bimal K.Bose,Modem Power Electronics and AC Drives,北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[19][技术资料]E6H-CWZ6C User's Guide,Omron Corporation,2006.
[20][技术资料]MWINV-4R222 User's Manual,Myway Labs Corporation,2005.
[21][技术资料]PE-Inverter User's Manual,Myway Labs Corporation,2005.
[22][技术资料]PE-View User's Manual,Myway Labs Corporation,2005.
[1]马宏忠,电机状态监测与故障诊断,北京:机械工业出版社,2008.
[2]汤蕴缪,电机内的电磁场,北京:科学出版社,1998.
[3]年珩,贺益康,感应型无轴承电机磁悬浮力解析模型及其反馈控制,中国电机工程学报,2003,23(11):139-144.
[4]贺益康,年珩,阮秉涛,感应型无轴承电机的优化气隙磁场定向控制,中国电机工程学报,2004,24(6):116-121.
[5][技术资料]GS3 Sensor Datasheet,Matsushita Company,2006.
[6]张重超,机电设备噪声控制工程学[M].北京:轻工业出版社,1989.
[7]张昊,低振动的滚筒洗衣机驱动系统控制研究,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[8]李卫东,采用模糊控制的全自动洗衣机,山西电子技术,2008,3:10-12.
[9]章融融,洗衣机模糊控制策略,电气自动化,1997,3:17-19.
[10]刘贺,余成波,张方方,全自动洗衣机的模糊控制分析,重庆工学院学报(自然科学),2009,5:111-114.
[11]邱家俊,机电耦联动力系统的非线性振动,北京:科学出版社,1996.
[12]张国良,曾静,柯熙政等,模糊控制及其MATLAB应用,西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002.
[13]孙增圻,张再兴,邓志东,智能控制理论与技术,北京:清华大学出版社,1996.
[14]高景德,王祥珩,李发海,交流电机及其系统的分析,北京:清华大学出版社,1993.
[15]MI C T,FILIPPA M,LIU W G,Analytical method for predicting the air-gap flux of Interior-Type Permanent-Magnet Machines[J],IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2004,1:50-58.
[16]BINNS K.J,KURDALI A.K,Permanent Magnetic AC generators[J],IEE Proc.,1979,7:609-696.
[17]BINNS K.J,JABBAR M.A,High-field self-starting Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Motor[J],IEE Proc.,1981,3:157-160.
[18]TSAI W B,CHANG T Y,Analysis of flux leakage in a brushless Permanent-Magnet motor with embedded magnets[J],IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1999,3:543-547.
[1]Eis,Ralph O,Electric Motor Vibration-Cause,Prevention,and Cure,Industry Applications,IEEE Transactions,1975,IA-11(3)::267-275.
[2]William R.Finley,Mark M.Hodowanec,Warren G.Holter,An analytical approach to solving motor vibration problem,Industry Applications,IEEE Transactions,2000,36(5):1467-1480.
[3]William R.Finley,Mark M.Hodowanec,Warren G.Holter,Diagnosing motor vibration problems,Pulp and Paper Industry Technical Conference,2000,Conference Record of 2000 Annual,2000,19-23:165-180.
[4]张昊,低振动的滚筒洗衣机驱动系统控制研究,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[5]Ying-Yu Tzou,Jin-Yi Jyang,A progammable current vector control IC for AC motor drives,Industrial Electronics Society,1999,IECON '99 Proceedings,The 25th Annual Conference of the IEEE,1:216-221.