时频域滤波方法及其在颤振信号处理中的应用
|
摘要
联合时频分析(JTFA)是研究非平稳信号的有效工具。如何在二维时频空间对信号进行滤波并重构一维时间序列是时频分析研究中的一个具有积极学术意义和明确应用价值的课题。本文在系统学习现有的各种时频分析及其综合算法的基础上，详细研究了时频域滤波的核心思想和基本方法，吸取了自适应时频分析和线性子空间投影Wigner-Ville变换的优点，提出了的两种新的时频域滤波方法，并通过理论分析和数字仿真完成了相应的数值特性与应用特性研究。
根据颤振试验的原理和观测信号特点，本文将所提出的两种时频域滤波算法引入到了飞机结构亚临界响应分析的颤振边界预测(FBP)研究当中，给出了一种新的颤振边界预测方案，即通过联合时频分析与时频域滤波提取有效信号再进行模态参数提取与颤振边界预测。
基于Matlab工程仿真平台和LabView虚拟仪器集成环境实现了数字仿真及实时分析软件的设计与开发。经数字仿真及在某型飞机全机气弹模型低速风洞颤振试验数据处理中的实际应用，取得了满意的效果。结果表明，本文方法在精度、有效性和数值特性等方面优于现有的时频域滤波方法，并具有较好的应用特性，可以满足工程应用的实际需求。
Joint time-frequency distributions represent the energy or intensity of signal simultaneously in time and frequency. It's a problem of great significance how to filtering a signal in joint time-frequency domain and reconstruct the time series from the time-frequency plane selected. In this thesis, the theory of joint time-frequency analysis and synthesis and time-frequency filtering is investigated. Two kinds of new time-frequency domain filtering methods are proposed based on adaptive decomposition and linear subspace projection. The theory analysis and method principle are presented The characteristics of the two methods are studied by computer numerical simulation. The results show that both the methods are reasonable and feasible.
Focused on the features and requirements of flutter test data processing, the methods presented here are used to pickup the major information as a pre-processing technique The application scheme is brought out for flutter boundary prediction based on subcritica. turbulence response. The functions of the methods are investigated by computer simulation and further examined by using flutter testing data of low-speed wind-turne of some aeroelastical modes.
The related software is developed on Matlab and Labview for Windows.
根据颤振试验的原理和观测信号特点，本文将所提出的两种时频域滤波算法引入到了飞机结构亚临界响应分析的颤振边界预测(FBP)研究当中，给出了一种新的颤振边界预测方案，即通过联合时频分析与时频域滤波提取有效信号再进行模态参数提取与颤振边界预测。
基于Matlab工程仿真平台和LabView虚拟仪器集成环境实现了数字仿真及实时分析软件的设计与开发。经数字仿真及在某型飞机全机气弹模型低速风洞颤振试验数据处理中的实际应用，取得了满意的效果。结果表明，本文方法在精度、有效性和数值特性等方面优于现有的时频域滤波方法，并具有较好的应用特性，可以满足工程应用的实际需求。
Joint time-frequency distributions represent the energy or intensity of signal simultaneously in time and frequency. It's a problem of great significance how to filtering a signal in joint time-frequency domain and reconstruct the time series from the time-frequency plane selected. In this thesis, the theory of joint time-frequency analysis and synthesis and time-frequency filtering is investigated. Two kinds of new time-frequency domain filtering methods are proposed based on adaptive decomposition and linear subspace projection. The theory analysis and method principle are presented The characteristics of the two methods are studied by computer numerical simulation. The results show that both the methods are reasonable and feasible.
Focused on the features and requirements of flutter test data processing, the methods presented here are used to pickup the major information as a pre-processing technique The application scheme is brought out for flutter boundary prediction based on subcritica. turbulence response. The functions of the methods are investigated by computer simulation and further examined by using flutter testing data of low-speed wind-turne of some aeroelastical modes.
The related software is developed on Matlab and Labview for Windows.
引文
〖1〗 D. Gabor. "Theory of Communication", J. IEE, 93:429-457, 1946.
〖2〗 Koenig I, Dunn HK. Laey LY, "The Sound Spectrugraph", J. Acoust. Soc. Arner. 1946.
〖3〗 Potter R K, "Visible Speech", NewYork: Van Nostrand, 1947.
〖4〗 Patrick. Flandtin, "Time-Frequency and Time-Scale Analysis", Translated from French by Joachim Stockier, Academic Press, 1999.
〖5〗 王宏禹，《非平稳随机信号分析与处理》，国防工业出版社，1999年1月。
〖6〗 J. Daugman, "Complete Discrete 2-D Gabor Transtorm Buneural Networks for Image Analysis and Compression", IEEE Trans. on. ASSP. 1988.
〖7〗 Robert A. Baxter, "Image Copression with the Gabor Transform", IEEE. Trans. Geoscieneeand Remote Sensing, 1999.
〖8〗 Liwa Wangetal, "An Efficiental Gorithm to Compute the Complete Set of Discrete Gabor Coefficients", IEEE Trans. on. Image. Processing. 1994.
〖9〗 聂伟荣、朱继南、候尧，“地面运动目标震动信号的时频滤波检测”，检测与控制学报，第22卷第4期，2000年12月。
〖10〗 张贤达，《非平稳信号分析与处理》，国防工业出版社，1998年。
〖11〗 Shie Qian and Dapang Chen, "Understanding the Nature of Signals Whose Power Spectra Change With Time: Jiont Time-Frequency Analysis", IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, pp52-pp66. March. 1999.
〖12〗 Michael D. Riley, "Speech Time-Frequency Representation", Kluwer Academic Publication, 1989.
〖13〗 M. W. Kehoe, "Aircraft Flight Flutter Testing at the NASA Ame-Dryden Fligh Research Facility", AIAA-86-9730, 1986.
〖14〗 J. K. Pinkelman, etc. "An Evaluation of Excitation Techniques for Time Based Flutter Data Processing", AIAA-93-1602-cp, 1993.
〖15〗 Brenner, Martin J., Lind, Richard C., Voracek, David F., "Overview of Recenz Flight Testing Reasearch at NASA Dryden", NASA-TM-4792, 1997.
〖16〗 Charles L. Ruhlin, Judith J. Watsonect, "Evaluation of Four Subcritical Response Methods for On-line Prediction of Flutter Onset in Wind-Tunnel YTsts", AIAA82-0644, 1982.
〖17〗 Larry Shelly, "Trend in Real-time Flight Test Systems", Americal Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 89-3086-CP, 1989.
〖18〗 屈见忠，沙长安，“模态参数识别在飞行颤振试验中的应用”，航空学报，第11卷第11期，1990年11月。
〖19〗 黄桂生等，“随机减量在 SH- 飞机大速度监测中的应用”，航空部第六零五研究所，1983年5月。
〖20〗 卢奇正等，《颤振亚临界响应数据的指数函数曲线拟合法》，中国人民解放二十九试验训练基地第二研究所，1980年9月。
〖21〗 Norman H. Zimmerman., Jason T. Weissenbureer, "Prediction of Flutter OnsetSpeed Based on Flight Testing at Subcritical Speeds", J. Aircraft, Vol. 1, No.4, July-Aus. 1964.
〖22〗 S. J. Price, B. H. K. Lee, "Development and Analysis of Flight Flutter Predicton Methods", AIAA-92-2101-CP, 1992.
〖23〗 Yuji Matsuzaki, Yasukatsu Ando, "New Estimation Method for Flutter or DivergenceBoundary from Random Responses at Subcritical Speed", Yechnical Report of National Aerospace Laboratory TR-667T, 1981.
〖24〗 肖创柏，“低速颤振模型风洞实验颤振边界预测-李亚普诺夫直接法的应用”，西北工业大学硕士论文，1986年3月。
〖25〗 林韵，“系统辨识的建模理论和快速算法在颤振边界预测中的应用”，西北工业大学硕士论文，1987年3月。
〖26〗 Pei Chengming, Tan Yunhai, "A New Method in Tegrated Data Modeling and Stability Critertion for Flutter Boundary Perdiction", JSASS 31st Aircraft Symposium, #3 A6, Tokyo, Japan, Aug. 1993.
〖27〗 翟昆，“基于神经网络专家系统的 FBP 方法”，西北工业大学硕士论文，1999年3月。
〖28〗 裴承鸣，“颤振试验信号的时频共振与图像跟踪识别方法研究”，中国航空科学技术基金，项目编号 01A53001，2002年。
〖29〗 《JH7A 机翼/外挂风洞模型颤振试验亚临界数据处理》，中国航空-集团公司603所，2001年10月。
〖30〗 Leon. Cohen, "Time-Frequency Analysis: Theory and Application", Prentice Hall, 1995.
〖31〗 Qian S, Chen D. "Joint Time-Frequency Analysis-Methods and Application", Prentice Hall PTR, 1996.
[32] N G de Bruijn., "A theory of Generalized Functions with applications to Wigner-Ville Distribution and Weyl Correspondence" , Wieuw Archief voor Wiskunde (3) , XXI: 205-280,1973．
[33] L. Cohen. "Generalized phase-space distribution functions", J.Math. Phys., 7(5) : 781-786,1966．
[34] 张贤达，《现代数字信号处理》，清华大学出版社，1995年5月。
[35] Bastiaar. M., "A Sampling Theorem for Complex Spectrogram and Gabor's Expansion of A Signal in Gaussian Elementary Signals", 1981．
[36] E.P. Wigner., "On the Quantum Correction for Thermodynamic Equilibrium", Phys. Rev., 40:749-759,1932．
[37] I. Daubechies., "Ten Lectures on Wavelets." SIAM, Philadelphia, PA, 1992．
[38] Griffin,D. and Lim, J.S., "Signal Estimation from Modified Short-Time Fourier Transrorm" , IEEE Trans. On ASSP, vol.32, pp236-243, Apr.1984．
[39] Boudreaux-Bartels,G.F., Parks, T.W., " Time-Varying Filtering and Signal Estimation Using Wigner-Ville Distribution Synthesis Techniques", IEEE Trans. On ASSP, Vol.34, PP.442-451, 1996．
[40] Qian S, Chen D. "Signal Representation Using Adaptive Normalized Gaussian Function" , Signal Proccesing, Vol.36, pp1-11, 1994．
[41] S. Mallat, Z. Zhang. "Match Pursuit with Time-frequency Deictonaris" , IEEE Trans on Signal Proccesing, V41, pp3397-3415, 1993．
〖2〗 Koenig I, Dunn HK. Laey LY, "The Sound Spectrugraph", J. Acoust. Soc. Arner. 1946.
〖3〗 Potter R K, "Visible Speech", NewYork: Van Nostrand, 1947.
〖4〗 Patrick. Flandtin, "Time-Frequency and Time-Scale Analysis", Translated from French by Joachim Stockier, Academic Press, 1999.
〖5〗 王宏禹，《非平稳随机信号分析与处理》，国防工业出版社，1999年1月。
〖6〗 J. Daugman, "Complete Discrete 2-D Gabor Transtorm Buneural Networks for Image Analysis and Compression", IEEE Trans. on. ASSP. 1988.
〖7〗 Robert A. Baxter, "Image Copression with the Gabor Transform", IEEE. Trans. Geoscieneeand Remote Sensing, 1999.
〖8〗 Liwa Wangetal, "An Efficiental Gorithm to Compute the Complete Set of Discrete Gabor Coefficients", IEEE Trans. on. Image. Processing. 1994.
〖9〗 聂伟荣、朱继南、候尧，“地面运动目标震动信号的时频滤波检测”，检测与控制学报，第22卷第4期，2000年12月。
〖10〗 张贤达，《非平稳信号分析与处理》，国防工业出版社，1998年。
〖11〗 Shie Qian and Dapang Chen, "Understanding the Nature of Signals Whose Power Spectra Change With Time: Jiont Time-Frequency Analysis", IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, pp52-pp66. March. 1999.
〖12〗 Michael D. Riley, "Speech Time-Frequency Representation", Kluwer Academic Publication, 1989.
〖13〗 M. W. Kehoe, "Aircraft Flight Flutter Testing at the NASA Ame-Dryden Fligh Research Facility", AIAA-86-9730, 1986.
〖14〗 J. K. Pinkelman, etc. "An Evaluation of Excitation Techniques for Time Based Flutter Data Processing", AIAA-93-1602-cp, 1993.
〖15〗 Brenner, Martin J., Lind, Richard C., Voracek, David F., "Overview of Recenz Flight Testing Reasearch at NASA Dryden", NASA-TM-4792, 1997.
〖16〗 Charles L. Ruhlin, Judith J. Watsonect, "Evaluation of Four Subcritical Response Methods for On-line Prediction of Flutter Onset in Wind-Tunnel YTsts", AIAA82-0644, 1982.
〖17〗 Larry Shelly, "Trend in Real-time Flight Test Systems", Americal Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 89-3086-CP, 1989.
〖18〗 屈见忠，沙长安，“模态参数识别在飞行颤振试验中的应用”，航空学报，第11卷第11期，1990年11月。
〖19〗 黄桂生等，“随机减量在 SH- 飞机大速度监测中的应用”，航空部第六零五研究所，1983年5月。
〖20〗 卢奇正等，《颤振亚临界响应数据的指数函数曲线拟合法》，中国人民解放二十九试验训练基地第二研究所，1980年9月。
〖21〗 Norman H. Zimmerman., Jason T. Weissenbureer, "Prediction of Flutter OnsetSpeed Based on Flight Testing at Subcritical Speeds", J. Aircraft, Vol. 1, No.4, July-Aus. 1964.
〖22〗 S. J. Price, B. H. K. Lee, "Development and Analysis of Flight Flutter Predicton Methods", AIAA-92-2101-CP, 1992.
〖23〗 Yuji Matsuzaki, Yasukatsu Ando, "New Estimation Method for Flutter or DivergenceBoundary from Random Responses at Subcritical Speed", Yechnical Report of National Aerospace Laboratory TR-667T, 1981.
〖24〗 肖创柏，“低速颤振模型风洞实验颤振边界预测-李亚普诺夫直接法的应用”，西北工业大学硕士论文，1986年3月。
〖25〗 林韵，“系统辨识的建模理论和快速算法在颤振边界预测中的应用”，西北工业大学硕士论文，1987年3月。
〖26〗 Pei Chengming, Tan Yunhai, "A New Method in Tegrated Data Modeling and Stability Critertion for Flutter Boundary Perdiction", JSASS 31st Aircraft Symposium, #3 A6, Tokyo, Japan, Aug. 1993.
〖27〗 翟昆，“基于神经网络专家系统的 FBP 方法”，西北工业大学硕士论文，1999年3月。
〖28〗 裴承鸣，“颤振试验信号的时频共振与图像跟踪识别方法研究”，中国航空科学技术基金，项目编号 01A53001，2002年。
〖29〗 《JH7A 机翼/外挂风洞模型颤振试验亚临界数据处理》，中国航空-集团公司603所，2001年10月。
〖30〗 Leon. Cohen, "Time-Frequency Analysis: Theory and Application", Prentice Hall, 1995.
〖31〗 Qian S, Chen D. "Joint Time-Frequency Analysis-Methods and Application", Prentice Hall PTR, 1996.
[32] N G de Bruijn., "A theory of Generalized Functions with applications to Wigner-Ville Distribution and Weyl Correspondence" , Wieuw Archief voor Wiskunde (3) , XXI: 205-280,1973．
[33] L. Cohen. "Generalized phase-space distribution functions", J.Math. Phys., 7(5) : 781-786,1966．
[34] 张贤达，《现代数字信号处理》，清华大学出版社，1995年5月。
[35] Bastiaar. M., "A Sampling Theorem for Complex Spectrogram and Gabor's Expansion of A Signal in Gaussian Elementary Signals", 1981．
[36] E.P. Wigner., "On the Quantum Correction for Thermodynamic Equilibrium", Phys. Rev., 40:749-759,1932．
[37] I. Daubechies., "Ten Lectures on Wavelets." SIAM, Philadelphia, PA, 1992．
[38] Griffin,D. and Lim, J.S., "Signal Estimation from Modified Short-Time Fourier Transrorm" , IEEE Trans. On ASSP, vol.32, pp236-243, Apr.1984．
[39] Boudreaux-Bartels,G.F., Parks, T.W., " Time-Varying Filtering and Signal Estimation Using Wigner-Ville Distribution Synthesis Techniques", IEEE Trans. On ASSP, Vol.34, PP.442-451, 1996．
[40] Qian S, Chen D. "Signal Representation Using Adaptive Normalized Gaussian Function" , Signal Proccesing, Vol.36, pp1-11, 1994．
[41] S. Mallat, Z. Zhang. "Match Pursuit with Time-frequency Deictonaris" , IEEE Trans on Signal Proccesing, V41, pp3397-3415, 1993．