网络联盟环境下可重构机床优化配置理论与方法研究
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摘要
摘要：可重构机床(Reconfigurable Machine Tools, RMT)是通过机床模块的重构来提供所需的生产能力或功能,以机床生产能力与功能冗余最小化为目标的一种新型机床,能以较低的转换成本实现机床功能的定制化,从而经济、迅速地响应动态多变的市场需求。为实现此目标,企业已经不能局限于自身内部的资源,而必须更有效地利用外部制造资源,综合考虑企业间的信息交流与资源共享,与外部资源进行协同,实现RMT的优化配置。因此,将RMT的研究拓展到网络联盟(Network Alliance, NA)环境中,研究该环境下RMT的优化配置理论与方法具有重要的理论价值与现实意义。
本文围绕NA环境下RMT优化配置问题,在深入研究其特征及复杂性的基础上,提出了NA环境下RMT优化配置的体系结构、相关概念及关键过程。在此基础上对优化配置过程中的加工功能需求及RMT资源建模方法、配置评估、优选等基础理论与关键技术进行了深入研究。论文的主要研究内容和成果如下：
对NA环境下RMT优化配置的理论基础进行了研究。依据RMT的生产模式,提出了面向RMT优化配置的网络联盟平台的构建方式及资源共享模式。在对其优化配置过程中涉及到的制造资源进行成本分析的基础上,研究了NA环境下RMT优化配置特征、概念及优化配置过程。
基于加工特征的定义与分类,提出了富集加工特征的定义,建立了基于富集加工特征的可拓基元模型以及基于XML的描述方法。以XML文档为输入,基于图论与启发式算法相结合的加工特征族的生成算法,生成了零件的加工特征族划分方案,提出了定性与定量相结合的零件的加工任务定义方法,并进行了实例应用验证,为后续RMT的配置优化建立了基础。
分析了现有RMT的模块划分方法及模块选择模式。提出了基于可拓基元模型及XML的RMT机械系统(包括机床本体、机械模块、模块接口及模块连接关系)建模与描述方法。在此基础上,提出了基于线平衡的重构策略及面向重构的RMT快速虚拟装配方法,并进行了实例应用验证,为快速地向联盟用户提供RMT较优的重构方案提供了支持。
为了实现NA环境下RMT优化配置过程中的多目标决策,提出了RMT资源预配置及配置路径优化生成两阶段优化策略。
NA环境下RMT预配置：研究了网络联盟环境下RMT预配置的总体方案,建立了RMT预配置评价指标体系,提出了基于可拓关联函数的定性、定量指标的统一的量化方法。基于层次网络及模块选择约束建立了模块选择模型,提出了可行的模块组合路径生成算法。基于模块的指标值对路径容量的影响,提出了模块路径容量的求解算法,并进行了实例应用验证,生成了P个较优的模块组合方案,实现了NA环境下RMT的资源预选过程。
RMT配置路径优化生成：对RMT配置路径优化生成问题进行定义,建立了其多目标优化数学模型。在此基础上,基于多级优度评价方法对该模型进行改进,建立了其优化决策改进模型——两级RMT配置路径优化决策模型,提出了基于改进的离散粒子群优化(Modified Discrete PSO, MDPSO)算法的模型求解方法,并进行了实例应用验证,生成了较优的RMT配置路径方案。
依托相关研究项目,采用.NET技术框架,开发了基于ASP模式的NA环境下RMT优化配置原型系统(RMTOPTCONFG@NA),并以某一典型零件族ANC-90, ANC-101为例,对论文所提出的理论方法进行了应用与验证。
ABSTRACT:Reconfigurable machine tools (RMT) are being developed to respond rapidly to changing market demands. With a modular structure, which allows specific components to be added and deleted as the operation requirements change, it provide customized flexibility for a specified range of operation requirements within a part family that enables it to combine the advantages of high productivity of dedicated stations with the flexibility of CNC machines. To achieve this goal, enterprises cannot confine to their own internal resources any more, but have to be more effective utilization of external manufacturing resources with the comprehensive consideration of the enterprise information exchange, resource sharing and collaboration, to realize the optimal allocation of RMT. So, extend the research topic of RMT into the Network Alliance (NA) environment, and study the theories and methods of optimization configuration of RMT are very important and practical significant.
This paper analyzed the features and complexity of optimal configuration of RMT in NA environment, and studied the overall framework, the concept model and configuration process of optimal configuration system of RMT in NA. The basic theories and key technologies to realize the optimal configuration of RMT in NA were studied, including the definition and model methods of machining task and RMT mechanical module, configuration evaluation and optimization, etc. The main contributions and works of this dissertation are as follows:
The basic theory of optimal configuration of RMT in NA was discussed and analyzed. Based on the production paradigm of RMT, the resource sharing platform and mode of for RMT optimal configuration were established. The necessity of extension of RMT configuration into NA environment was brought. The concept definition and key processes of RMT optimal configuration in NA were proposed.
The modeling and definition of machining methods were proposed, which determine the machining and reconfiguration function of RMT. First, the universal and formal extension element model method and XML description method were proposed based on definition, classification and enrichment of machining feature (MF). Then a new approach of machining feature family generation for RMT configuration synthesis was proposed using extended-hybrid graph theory and heuristic algorithm, and a standard case study was used to validate its feasibility and effectiveness.
In order to realize the multi-objective decision-making of optimal configuration of RMT in NA, the two level optimization strategy, RMT preliminary configuration and optimization generation of RMT configuration path, was proposed.
The preliminary configuration of RMT:First, based on the definition and description of the problem of preliminary configuration of RMT, a RMT mechanical module selection model method using layered network was constructed. Then, according to module selection constrains, feasible module selection path set was generated. To calculate the path capacity, a uniform quantitative measurement method was proposed, and module evaluation index were classified to static, dynamic indicator according to their influence to the path capacity, and then the P-best combination schemes of RMT configuration were obtained.
The optimization generation of RMT configuration path:First, the multi-objective optimization mathematical model was established based on the definition of this problem, then, the model was modified to a two-step optimal decision model using multi-level extension superiority evaluation method, based on the modified model, a solution method using the modified discrete particle swarm optimization (MDPSO) algorithm was proposed to generate the best RMT configuration path scheme.
Supported by correlative research project, an optimization configuration prototype system of RMT in NA (RMTOPTCONFG@NA) was developed based on the technique framework of ASP.NET. Take the typical part family of ANC-101, ANC90as example, the theories and methodologies proposed in the dissertation were applied and verified.
本文围绕NA环境下RMT优化配置问题,在深入研究其特征及复杂性的基础上,提出了NA环境下RMT优化配置的体系结构、相关概念及关键过程。在此基础上对优化配置过程中的加工功能需求及RMT资源建模方法、配置评估、优选等基础理论与关键技术进行了深入研究。论文的主要研究内容和成果如下：
对NA环境下RMT优化配置的理论基础进行了研究。依据RMT的生产模式,提出了面向RMT优化配置的网络联盟平台的构建方式及资源共享模式。在对其优化配置过程中涉及到的制造资源进行成本分析的基础上,研究了NA环境下RMT优化配置特征、概念及优化配置过程。
基于加工特征的定义与分类,提出了富集加工特征的定义,建立了基于富集加工特征的可拓基元模型以及基于XML的描述方法。以XML文档为输入,基于图论与启发式算法相结合的加工特征族的生成算法,生成了零件的加工特征族划分方案,提出了定性与定量相结合的零件的加工任务定义方法,并进行了实例应用验证,为后续RMT的配置优化建立了基础。
分析了现有RMT的模块划分方法及模块选择模式。提出了基于可拓基元模型及XML的RMT机械系统(包括机床本体、机械模块、模块接口及模块连接关系)建模与描述方法。在此基础上,提出了基于线平衡的重构策略及面向重构的RMT快速虚拟装配方法,并进行了实例应用验证,为快速地向联盟用户提供RMT较优的重构方案提供了支持。
为了实现NA环境下RMT优化配置过程中的多目标决策,提出了RMT资源预配置及配置路径优化生成两阶段优化策略。
NA环境下RMT预配置：研究了网络联盟环境下RMT预配置的总体方案,建立了RMT预配置评价指标体系,提出了基于可拓关联函数的定性、定量指标的统一的量化方法。基于层次网络及模块选择约束建立了模块选择模型,提出了可行的模块组合路径生成算法。基于模块的指标值对路径容量的影响,提出了模块路径容量的求解算法,并进行了实例应用验证,生成了P个较优的模块组合方案,实现了NA环境下RMT的资源预选过程。
RMT配置路径优化生成：对RMT配置路径优化生成问题进行定义,建立了其多目标优化数学模型。在此基础上,基于多级优度评价方法对该模型进行改进,建立了其优化决策改进模型——两级RMT配置路径优化决策模型,提出了基于改进的离散粒子群优化(Modified Discrete PSO, MDPSO)算法的模型求解方法,并进行了实例应用验证,生成了较优的RMT配置路径方案。
依托相关研究项目,采用.NET技术框架,开发了基于ASP模式的NA环境下RMT优化配置原型系统(RMTOPTCONFG@NA),并以某一典型零件族ANC-90, ANC-101为例,对论文所提出的理论方法进行了应用与验证。
ABSTRACT:Reconfigurable machine tools (RMT) are being developed to respond rapidly to changing market demands. With a modular structure, which allows specific components to be added and deleted as the operation requirements change, it provide customized flexibility for a specified range of operation requirements within a part family that enables it to combine the advantages of high productivity of dedicated stations with the flexibility of CNC machines. To achieve this goal, enterprises cannot confine to their own internal resources any more, but have to be more effective utilization of external manufacturing resources with the comprehensive consideration of the enterprise information exchange, resource sharing and collaboration, to realize the optimal allocation of RMT. So, extend the research topic of RMT into the Network Alliance (NA) environment, and study the theories and methods of optimization configuration of RMT are very important and practical significant.
This paper analyzed the features and complexity of optimal configuration of RMT in NA environment, and studied the overall framework, the concept model and configuration process of optimal configuration system of RMT in NA. The basic theories and key technologies to realize the optimal configuration of RMT in NA were studied, including the definition and model methods of machining task and RMT mechanical module, configuration evaluation and optimization, etc. The main contributions and works of this dissertation are as follows:
The basic theory of optimal configuration of RMT in NA was discussed and analyzed. Based on the production paradigm of RMT, the resource sharing platform and mode of for RMT optimal configuration were established. The necessity of extension of RMT configuration into NA environment was brought. The concept definition and key processes of RMT optimal configuration in NA were proposed.
The modeling and definition of machining methods were proposed, which determine the machining and reconfiguration function of RMT. First, the universal and formal extension element model method and XML description method were proposed based on definition, classification and enrichment of machining feature (MF). Then a new approach of machining feature family generation for RMT configuration synthesis was proposed using extended-hybrid graph theory and heuristic algorithm, and a standard case study was used to validate its feasibility and effectiveness.
In order to realize the multi-objective decision-making of optimal configuration of RMT in NA, the two level optimization strategy, RMT preliminary configuration and optimization generation of RMT configuration path, was proposed.
The preliminary configuration of RMT:First, based on the definition and description of the problem of preliminary configuration of RMT, a RMT mechanical module selection model method using layered network was constructed. Then, according to module selection constrains, feasible module selection path set was generated. To calculate the path capacity, a uniform quantitative measurement method was proposed, and module evaluation index were classified to static, dynamic indicator according to their influence to the path capacity, and then the P-best combination schemes of RMT configuration were obtained.
The optimization generation of RMT configuration path:First, the multi-objective optimization mathematical model was established based on the definition of this problem, then, the model was modified to a two-step optimal decision model using multi-level extension superiority evaluation method, based on the modified model, a solution method using the modified discrete particle swarm optimization (MDPSO) algorithm was proposed to generate the best RMT configuration path scheme.
Supported by correlative research project, an optimization configuration prototype system of RMT in NA (RMTOPTCONFG@NA) was developed based on the technique framework of ASP.NET. Take the typical part family of ANC-101, ANC90as example, the theories and methodologies proposed in the dissertation were applied and verified.
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