轻型热瞄具成像系统的研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
在黑暗的环境中,轻型热瞄具的视距比微光瞄具远,比制冷型热瞄具要短,但是其携带方便,可以全天候工作,成为中距离观瞄的最好选择。在军事上,轻型热瞄具越来越受到人们的重视。西方国家早在20年前就开始了非制冷热像在军事上的应用研究,轻型热瞄具的技术现在也已经用于战场。国内的情况却不容乐观,首先是在技术上无法解决非制冷热探测器的生产,其次是轻型热瞄具机芯的研究有赖于一些民用企业,在性能上没有实质性的提高。鉴于这种情况,本课题在某单位的资助下,围绕着研究轻型热瞄具的机芯,提高实用性能的目的,分析了关键光电器件非制冷红外探测器的总体性能,介绍了机芯组件的设计,高低温性能的测试,辅助瞄准模块的研究等内容,宗旨是能将非制冷热像仪真正用于轻型热瞄具。
     本文的主要内容如下:
     第一章总结了微光和白光瞄具的技术现状和使用情况,说明了轻型热瞄具的研究是必然趋势。介绍了国内外轻型热瞄具的大体性能以及本论文的主要研究工作。
     第二章从非制冷焦平面探测器的理论入手,详细分析了a-Si型微测辐射热计的探测原理、材料、内部的热结构、读出电路、偏置电压和噪声,研究了焦平面探测器的特性,这为机芯组件的开发提供了有力的理论基础。对于焦平面的校正原理和算法给予了介绍,确定在实时校正时采用两点校正法。
     第三章设计了轻型热瞄具成像系统。根据轻型热瞄具的使用要求,设计了瞄具非球面红外光学系统;研制了性能稳定的机芯组件,该机芯可以完成非制冷焦平面的驱动、两点非均匀校正、图像直方图统计、键盘控制自动增益、十字分划、视频合成与PC机通讯等功能,能方便的与显示器件连接,采用FPGA+DSP搭配的形式,其中的温控电路,流水线处理,盲元替代的方式,都体现了瞄具机芯稳定和实时性方面的特点。使用OLED作为显示器件,更加符合温度、体积等方面的要求。
     第四章从理论上分析了焦平面探测器的温度特性,研究了各种温度与成像质量以及功耗之间相互影响的关系。根据这些理论分析和瞄具的宽温范围使用的要求,从非均匀校正和焦平面探测器内部温度控制的电路上进行优化改进。设计了高低温评估试验,全面的测试和评估了机芯的工作性能。经过评估比较改进前后机芯的性能,可以看出,改进设计后的成像质量提高,功耗降低。最后就热像探测器的温漂现象进行了讨论,提出了抵抗环境温度变化的非均匀校正方法。
     第五章根据人眼的视觉特性,研究了轻型热瞄具辅助瞄准模块,提出了开窗增强的思想,给出了开窗的具体流程,并就开窗增强的算法提出了新的想法。提出了用目标检测和定位的方法估计目标的距离、运动速度及方向,提出新的根据密度和亮度结合的方法来检测和定位,提高了检测的检测率和定位的实时性。这些研究的根本原则就是要在实时性上体现其优势,很好的解决实时性和算法精度的矛盾。
     第六章总结了全文,指出了本文的创新点和进一步的工作。
In the dark environment, the visual range of light thermal weapon sight is betweenthat of night light weapon sight and cooled thermal weapon sight, and it is easily to bebrought to anywhere, so the best selection at mid-range is uncooled light thermal weaponsight. In military, there is more and more attention on light thermal weapon sight. In thosewest developed countries, the application of uncooled thermal imaging, as a militaryresearch, was started 20 years ago, and now, light thermal weapon sight have been used inwar field. On the contrast, the development level of thermal weapon sight in domestic ismuch lower. Firstly, the manufacture technology of uneooled focal plane array (FPA) is notfound in domestic. And the second is that the imaging component of light thermal weaponsight has been developed by some civilian enterprises, so that the system performance cannot be improved in nature. Basing on these reasons, supported by certain sponsor, how todesign of imaging component, how to test the performance of light weapon thermal sight atlow and high temperature and how to research of aid model for aim were introduced in thispaper. In a word, the main work in this paper is to make a-Si uncooled thermal imagingsystem used in light weapon thermal sight.
     Chapter one, the light weapon sight technology in day light and night light wasintroduced, showing that light thermal weapon sight was the direction. The main work ofthis paper was introduced also.
     Chapter two, the theory of uncooled FPA was researched, a-Si micro-bolometer wasanalyzed from response principle, material, read-out circuit, calorifics structure, biasvoltage and noise in great detail, the performance was researched and rules were putforward to guide the development of imaging component. Introduction about theory andalgorithm of un-uniformity correcting for FPA could be found in this paper, the currentalgorithm in imaging system was two-point correction, and other algorithms would behelpful for improving the function of software.
     Chapter three, light thermal weapon sight imaging system was designed. On theground of requirement of thermal weapon sight, the aspherie infrared lens was designed.The imaging component with stable performance at room temperature was developed. Thefunctions of the component include driving uncooled FPA, two-point un-uniformitycorrection, statistics of gray histogram, auto gain controlling by keyboard, cross,eompostive video, communication with PC. With DSP and FPGA as the main processors,the TEC circuit, waterline design and bad pixels replacing were the features of imaging component in stable and real-time performance. OLED was used as the display device, itwould meet the requirement of light thermal weapon sight in temperature and volume.
     Chapter four, the temperature performance of uncooled FPA was analyzed in theory.The relation of temperatures, image quality and power consumption were researched. Bytheory analysis and application requirement at wide temperature range, the imaging circuitwas optimized in un=uniformity correction and inner temperature controlling. The low andhigh temperature test was designed and carried out. Through the test and compare with thatof before, the performance in image quality was improved and power consumption wasdecreased clearly. At last, the temperature drift of uncooled FPA was consulted and the newun=uniformity correction method was put forward to resolve the problem fromenvironment temperature variety.
     Chapter five, being from feature of human eyes, aid model for aim of light thermalweapon sight was researched, the notion of little view window was brought forward, theprocedure was given. A new image enhancement algorithm in little view window wasintroduced. Target detection and orientation was used to estimate the distance of target,moving speed and direction. As a new method, based on the density and lightness to detectand orient target, was put forward because the detecting probability and real-timeperformance could be improved with it. The test devices for software were set up, andsome test was carried out. The purpose of these researches was resolving the contradictionbetween real-time performance and estimation precision.
     Chapter six, the whole dissertation and enumerated the work that has been done tocomplete the dissertation and moreover was summarized. It pointed out the innovationwork of dissertation and put forward the problems that were need to accomplish in thefuture.
引文
1 共田,形形色色的轻武器瞄准具—白光瞄准镜(一),轻兵器,2000.8
    2 共田,形形色色的轻武器瞄准具—白光瞄准镜(二),轻兵器,2000.9
    3 共田,形形色色的轻武器瞄准具—白光瞄准镜(三),轻兵器,2000.10
    4 共田,形形色色的轻武器瞄准具—白光瞄准镜(四),轻兵器,2000.11
    5 共田,形形色色的轻武器瞄准具一—光瞄准镜(五),轻兵器,2000.12
    6 李蔚,微光夜视系统视距评估及其应用研究,南京理工大学,博士学位论文,2001
    7 共田,形形色色的轻武器瞄准具—微光瞄准镜(一),轻兵器,2001.10
    8 共田,形形色色的轻武器瞄准具—微光瞄准镜(二),轻兵器,2001.11
    9 共田,形形色色的轻武器瞄准具—微光瞄准镜(三),轻兵器,2001.12
    10 共田,形形色色的轻武器瞄准具—微光瞄准镜(四),轻兵器,2002.1
    11 共田,形形色色的轻武器瞄准具—微光瞄准镜(五),轻兵器,2002.2
    12 邹继军,常本康,杜晓晴,陈怀林,王惠,高频,铯氧比对砷化镓光电阴极激活结果的影响,光子学报,2006,35(10):1493-1496
    13 徐江涛,微光管GaAs阴极激活铯源材料放气成分质谱分析,真空电子技术,2003.5:77-79
    14 杜晓晴,常本康,邹继军,Cs、O激活方式对GaAs光电阴极的影响,真空科学与技术学报,2006.1:1-4
    15 邹继军,常本康,杜晓晴,MBE梯度掺杂GaAs光电阴极激活实验研究,真空科学与技术学报,2006.6:401-404
    16 邹继军,钱芸生,常本康,王惠,王世允,GaAs光电阴极制备过程中多信息量测试技术研究,真空科学与技术学报,2006.3:142-145
    17 王吉晖,白廷柱,金伟其,王霞,像增强器信噪比测试方法的分析与研究,光学技术,2005,31(2):1770178
    18 李升才。徐宗昌,肖顺旺,微光增强型电荷耦合装置成像系统三维噪声模型及其测量分析,兵工学报,2006,27(3):463-466
    19 李升才,金伟其,张建勇,等.光电成像系统性能参数MRC及其测量方法[J].红外技术,2004,26(6):5-8
    20 李升才,金伟其,张未强,一种基于强迫性选择MRC测量的新方法,光学技术,2006,32(2):230-233
    21 李升才,金伟其,许正光,张建勇,微光增强型电荷耦合装置成像系统调制传递函数测量方法研究,兵工学报,2005,26(3):343-347
    22 钱芸生,常本康,詹启海,童默颖,刘磊,微光像增强器信噪比测试技术研究, 真空科学与技术,2002,22(5):389-391
    23 李升才,金伟其,张长泉.微光成像系统三维噪声测量及其分析,北京理工大学学报,2005,25(5):439-442
    24 艾克聪.微光夜视系统阈值探测理论和视距探测方程的研究[J].应用光学,1994,15(4):21-8
    25 艾克聪.微光夜视系统阈值探测理论和视距探测方程的研究[J].应用光学,1994,15(5):25-33.
    26 艾克聪.微光夜视系统阈值探测理论和视距探测方程的研究[J].应用光学,1994,15(6):12-21
    27 刘磊,常本康,李蔚,微光夜问驾驶仪探测距离研究,兵工学报,2003,24(3):342-346
    28 Liu Lei, Chang Benkang , Li Wei, Qian Yunsheng, Fu Rongguo, Zhong Zhiyuan, The visual range of LLL night vision goggle for drive, SPIE , VOL.4919, 2002:332-338
    29 Gao Zhiyun, Zhang Jingxian, Gao Yue , Hu Shiling , Wang Zhongchun, Visual range prediction and revision oftemperature difference in thermal imaging systems, SPIE , VOL.1982, 1993:75-79
    30 刘磊 常本康,微光成像系统视距理论公式的修正,光学学报,2003,23(6):761-765
    31 王晓蕊,张建奇,冯卓祥,解卫博,微光电视成像系统表征方法,强激光与电子束,2004,16(9):1111-1115
    32 沈嘉励,张政,王秀坛,马樟萼,张宇,一种微光电视图像预处理方法的硬件实现,系统工程与电子技术,2000,22(11):10-13
    33 张宇,王希勤,彭应宁,袁晓松,宋鸿鸣,数字式可编程微光电视图像实时处理系统,红外技术,1999,21(3):42-46
    34 陈钱,柏连发,顾国华,张保民,微光图像实时模拟累加及其应用,南京理工大学学报,1997,21(6):548-551
    35 陈钱,顾国华,柏连发,王钰,微光图像实时对比度增强处理,南京理工大学学报,1997,21(4):293-296
    36 柏连发,陈钱,张保民,微光图像麻点噪声滤波理论与实验研究,南京理工大学学报,1995,19(4):328-331
    37 艾克聪,微光夜视技术的进展与展望,应用光学,2006,27(4):303-307
    38 http://www.diytrade.com/directory/china/buy/products/228581/%E4%BA%SC%E4%BB%A3%E5%BE%AE%E5%85%89%E6%9E%AA%E7%9E%84%E9%95%9C_WMJ_2.html
    39 刘磊,激光助视/微光夜视系统视距评估研究,南京理工大学,博士学位论文,2005
    40 常本康,蔡毅,红外成像阵列与系统.北京:科学出版社,2006
    41 蔡毅,汤锦亚.对红外热成像技术发展的几点看法.红外技术.2000,22(2):2-6
    42 Stuart Kleinfelder, Alison Hottes, R.F.W. Pease. Focal plane array readout integrated circuit with per-pixel analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversion. Proceeding of SPIE. 2000,4028:139-147
    43 Chih-Cheng Hsieh, Chung-Yu Wu. Focal-Plane-Arrays and CMOS Readout Techniques of Infrared Imaging Systems. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 1997,7(4):594-605
    44 Sang Gu Kang, Doo Hyung Woo, and Hee Chul Lee. Infrared focal plane array readout integrated circuit with on-chip 14 b A/D converter. Proceedings of SPIE, 2004, 5234:287-295
    45 Charles Hanson, Howard Beratan, Robert Owen, Mac Corbin, Sam McKenney. Uncooled thermal imaging at Texas Instruments. Proceeding of SPIE. 1992,1735:17-26
    46 J.L. Tissot, O. Legras, C. Trouilleau, A. Crastes, B. Fieque. Uncooled microbolometer detector: recent developments at ULIS. Proceeding of SPIE. 2005,5987:288-296
    47 S.B. Evans, H. Terrence. High MTF hybrid ferroelectric IRFPA. Proceeding of SPIE. 1998,3379:36-46
    48 W.J. Parish, J.T. Woolaway, G. Kincaid. Low Cost 160×128 uncooled infrared sensor array. Proceeding of SPIE. 2002, 4820:18-25
    49 B. Terre, B. Cannata, P. Franklin. Microbolometer development and production at Indigo Systems. Proceeding of SPIE, 2002, 4721:260-265
    50 P.E. Howard, J.E. Clarke, A.C. Ionescu. DRS U6000 640×480 VOx uncooled IR focal plane. Proceeding of SPIE. 2002,4721:48-55
    51 Tim White, Arthur Leafy. Uncooled 640×480 IR camera for medical application. Proceeding of IEEE. 1999,1105:30-38
    52 美国非制冷红外技术的最新进展,红外热成像技术快报,Vol.71(5),2001,1-3.
    53 R. Murphy et al. Recent Developments in Uncooled IR Technology[A], SPIE[C], Vol. 4028,2000:12-16.
    54 Hanson et al. Advances in monolithic ferroelectric uncooled IRFPA technology[A], SPIE[C],Vol. 3379,1998, P60-68J. L. Tissot. IR detection with uncooled focal plane arrays: State of the arts and trends. Opto-electronics Review. 2004, (1):105-109
    
    55 E. Mottin, A. Bain, J. L. Martin. Uncooled amorphous silicon technology : high performance achievement and future trends. Proceeding of SPIE. 2002, 4721:56-63
    56 C. Trouilleau, A. Crastes, J. L.Tissot. Low cost amorphous silicon based 160×120 uncooled microbolometer 2D array for high volume applications. Proceeding of SPIE.
    57 E. Mottin, A. Bain, J. L. Martin. Uncooled amorphous silicon technology enhancement for 25μm pixel pitch achievement. Proceeding of SPIE. 2002, 4820:210-218
    58 B. Fieque, A. Crastes, J. L. Tissot. 320×240 uncooled microbolometer 2D array for radiometric and process control applications. Proceeding of SPIE. 2003, 5074:396-401
    59 E. Mottin. High performance uncooled amorphous silicom IR detector. Imaging Sensors. 2002,16(6):31-38
    60 Jean-Luc Tissot, Jean-Pierre Chatard, Sebastien Tinnes, Bruno Fieque. 320×240 uncooled microbolometer 2D array for radiometric and process control applications. Proceedings of SPIE. 2003, 5074:396-401
    61 R. Amantea, et al. Progress towards an uncooled IR Imager with 5mK NETD, SPIE. Vol. 3436,1998: P647-659.
    62 Richard Blackwell, Steven Geldart, Margaret Kohin, et al, Recent technology advancements and applications of advanced uncooled imagers, SPIE, Infrared Technology and Applications XXX, Vol.5406, 2004, p422-427.
    63 Margaret Kohin, James E. Miller, Arthur R. Leary, et al. Uncooled microbolometer sensors for unattended applications, SPIE, Vol.5090, 2003:257-264.
    64 Eric. Mottin, High performance uncooled amorphous silicom IR detector, Imaging Sensors, 2002, p666.
    65 640X480 LWIR uncooled microbolometer detector, ULIS. 2005
    66 Naoki ODA, Yutaka TANAKA. Performance of 320×240 bolometer-type uncooled infrared detector. NEC Research And Development. 2003,2:170-174
    67 B. S.Backer, N. Butler, M. Kohin. Recent improvements and developments in uncooled systems at BAE SYSTEMS NorthAmerica. Proceeding of SPIE. 2002,4721:83-90
    68 杨吉.非制冷红外成像系统实时图像处理技术研究.硕士学位论文.南京理工大学,2005
    69 胡旭,黄承彩,太云见,蔡毅.非制冷铁电混合式焦平面探测器新研究.光子学报.2005,34(11):1685-1687
    70 美陆军关注非致冷红外技术, http://www.china.org.cn/chinese
    71 雷神公司向美国陆军交付第25000套武器热瞄具,http://news.xinhuanet.com
    72 雷声公司将为美陆军生产轻武器热瞄具http://jczs.sina.com.cn
    73 DRS技术公司获得美国陆军热成像设备合同,http://express.cetin.net.cn.
    74 姜滨,非制冷红外成像组件系统设计,舰船光学,2004,40(3):28-31
    75 李颖文,易新建,何兆湘,罗艳,320×240红外焦平面阵列驱动电路的小型化设计研究,红外与激光工程,2001,20(3):230-234
    76 唐海荣,金伟其,仇谷峰,二代热成像系统的三维噪声模型,红外技术,2000,22(6):7-12
    77 金伟其,热成像系统静态性能模型研究的进展,电子学报,1995,23(10):179-184
    78 李旭东,艾克聪,张安锋,热成像系统MRTD数学模型的研究,应用光学,2004,25(6):38-42
    79 骆清铭.刘贤德.热成像系统作用距离的研究.激光与红外,1991,21(3):35-39
    80 高稚允.热成像系统用于小目标探涮的探测距离估算.北京理工大学学报,1991,11(4):45-50
    81 Gao Zhiyun, et al. Visual range production and revision of temperature difference in thermal imaging systems, SPIE , VOL. 1982, 1993: 75-79
    82 金伟其,张敬贤,高稚允,王仲春,白廷柱.热成像系统对扩展源目标的视距估算.北京理工大学学报.1996,16(1):25-30
    83 陈汝钧等.分信号处理对红外搜索系统作用距离的影响,红外与毫米波学报,1993,12(3):307—211
    84 ZHUO Hongyan, ZHANG Rong, Research of visual range prediction for the target in infrared thermal imaging system, SPIE, VOL.4548, 2001:387-392
    85 高稚允,金伟其等,一种可实时化的多光谱图像融合系统,光学技术,1995,4:13-16
    86 柏连发,陈钱,孔捷,张保民,红外与微光图像融合技术研究,红外与毫米波学报,1999,18(1):17-22
    87 金伟其,王岭雪,王生祥,高稚允,刘广荣,夜视图像的彩色融合技术及其进展,红外技术,2003,25(1):6-12
    88 陶茜,郭宏,王岭雪,王霞,金伟其,一种双通道夜视图像彩色融合系统,应用光学,2004,25(5):47-50
    89 李振华,敬忠良,孙韶媛,刘刚,基于目标检测的红外和可见光动态图像融合,上海交通大学学报,2005,39(8):1305-1309
    90 石俊生,金伟其,王岭雪,视觉评价夜视彩色融合图像质量的实验研究,红外与毫米波学报,2005,24(3):236-240.
    91 Hayat M M, Tores S N, Armstrong E E, et al. Statistical algorithm for nonuniform ity corection in focal-plane arrays, [J]. Applied optics, 1999, 38: 772-78
    92 Ratlif B M, Hayat M M, Hardie R C. Algebraic scene-based nonuniform ity corection in focal plane arrays[J]. SPIE, 2001, 4372: 114-124.
    93 Tores S N, Hayat M M. Kalman Filtering for Adaptive non-uniform ity corection in infrared focal plane arrays[J]. SPIE, 2000, 4030: 196-200.
    94 董怡,金伟其,张淼,两点法与统计法用于IRFPA非均匀性校正的效果评价,激光与红外,2006,36(8)
    95 SUI Jing(隋婧),JIN Wei-qi(金伟其),DONG Li-quart(董立泉),WANG Xia(王霞), GUO Hong(郭宏), An Improved Scene-based Nonuniformity Correction Algorithm for Infrared Focal Plane Arrays Using Neural Networks, JOURNAL OF CHINA ORDNANCE, 2006, 2(2):117-122
    96 张俊举,微测辐射热计焦平面阵列的成像系统研究,博士学位论文,南京理工大学,2006
    97 http://military.china.com/zh_cn/dljl/dzz/11019143/20040524/11701153.html
    98 中国台湾已经开始部署T91式5.56毫米步枪,http://mil.eastday.com/eastday/mil.
    99 美国军民两用高技术出口管理,http://www.chinatoptech.com.
    100 欧盟对华军售禁令内容浅析,http://news.tom.com
    101 斯塔斯 L.德里尼克,光辐射探测器,陕西人民教育出版社,1989.
    102 John B. Goodell, George L. Harvey et al. The Fundamentals of Thermal Imaging Systems NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY WASHINGTON, D. C MAY 1979
    103 张敬贤,李玉丹,金伟其编著,微光与红外热成像技术,北京理工大学出版社,北京,1995。
    104 张幼文.红外光学系统.上海:上海科学技术出版社,1982
    105 陈玻若编著,红外系统,北京:兵器工业出版社,1995.
    106 刘卫国,金娜 著,集成非制冷热成像探测阵列,北京:国防工业出版社,2004.
    107 刘景生.红外物理.北京:兵器工业出版社,1992
    108 陈衡.红外物理学.北京:国防工业出版社,1985
    109 程玉兰 编著,红外诊断现场实用技术,北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
    110 邢素霞,非制冷红外热成像系统研究,博士学位论文,南京理工大学,2005
    111 J. Bajaj, HgCdTe infrared detector and focal plane arrays. Proceeding of IEEE onoptoelectronic and Microelectronic Materials Devices. 1998: 23-31
    112 P. E. Howard, J. E. Clarke, A. C. lonescu, and C. Li, DRS U6000 640x480 VO Uncooled IR Focal Plane, 2002, Prec. SPIE Vol. 4721: 48-55
    113 Timothy D. Popel, Hubert Jerominek, Christine Alain, Commercial and Custom 160x120, 256x1, and 512x3 Pixel Bolometric FPAs, 2002, Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 4721: 64-74
    114 E. MOTTIN, A. BAIN, P. CASTELEIN, J.L. OUVRIER-BUFFET, J.L. TISSOT, J.J. YON, J.P. CHATARD, Amorphous silicon technology improvement at CEA/LETI. Proceeding of SPIE. 2002, Vol. 4650: 138-149
    115 Biao Li, Shusen Huang, Xin Zhang, Transient mechanical and electrical properties of uncooled resistive microbolometer focal plane arrays. Proceeding of SPIE. 2004, Vol. 5564: 123-132
    116 E. MOTTIN, A. BAIN, J.L. MARTIN, J.L. OUVRIER-BUFFET, J.J. YON, J.P. CHATARD, J.L. TISSOT, uncooled amorphous silicon technology: high performance achievement and future trends, Proceeding of SPIE. 2002, Vol. 4721: 56-63
    117 P.W. Kruse, L.D. McGlauchlin, R.B. McQuistan. Elements of Infrared Technology. New York, 1962
    118 P.W.Kruse著,洪怀瑞译,红外技术基础.上海:上海科学技术出版社,1965
    119 罗辑,非制冷微测辐射热计电路研究,工程硕士学位论文,电子科技大学
    120 Alexander Belenky, Aleexander Fish, Shy Hamami, Vadim Milrud, Orly Yadid-Pecht, Method for expanding the dynamic range of the readout integration circuits for uncooled microbolometer sensors, Opt. Eng. 2004 43(6): 1274-1275
    121 邢素霞,张俊举,孙恋君,常本康,钱芸生,非制冷热成像系统偏置电压的数值分析,南京理工大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(1):85-89
    122 P.W. Kruse, David D. Skadrud. Uncooled infrared imaging arrays and system. 116 Semiconductor and semimetal. 1997, 47(1):1-240
    123 P.W. Kruse. Can the 300K radiating background noise limit be attained by uncooled thermal imagers? Proceeding of SPIE. 2004,5406: 437-446
    124 P. W. Kruse. A comparison of the limits to the performance of thermal and photon detector imaging arrays. Infrared physics and technology. 1995, 36: 869-882
    125 M. H. Unewisse, S.J. Passmore, K.C. Liddiard, R.J. Watson. Performance of uncooled semiconductor film bolometer infrared detectors. Proceeding of SPIE. 1994, 2269: 43-52
    126 Biao Li, Shusen Huang, Xin Zhang. Transient mechanical and electrical properties of uncooled resistive microbolometer focal plane arrays. Proceeding of SPIE. 2004,5564: 123-132
    127 M. Z. Tidrow, W. W. Clark, W. lipton, R. Hoffman. Uncooled Infrared Detectors and Focal Plane Arrays. Proceeding of SPIE. 1998,3553: 178-187
    128 UL 01 01 1 320×240 LWIR UNCOOLED MICROBOLOMETER TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION. ULIS
    129 杜晓晴,高性能 GaAs光电阴极研究,博士学位论文,南京理工大学,2005
    130 Xing Su-xia, Zhang jun-jv, Sun lianjun, Chang Ben-kang, Qian Yun-sheng. Two-Point non-uniformity correction based on LMS. Proc. SPIE, 2004, Vol. 5640: 130-136
    131 张俊举,邢素霞,常本康,钱芸生,基于运动判断的动态帧间滤波方法,红外技术, 2004,26(5):33-36
    132 张俊举,孙恋君,王世允,常本康,钱芸生,一种基于场景的非均匀校正算法,激光与红外2006,36(3):174-178
    133 http://203.212.9:2/weapon/us_army/xxys/xxys-52.htm
    134 潘平,非制冷红外侦察仪红外镜头配置研究,红外技术,2004,26(2):37-39
    135 李林,变焦距物镜高斯光学参数的求解,北京理工大学学报,2003,23(4):424-427
    136 王之江,光学设计理论基础,科学出版社,1965
    137 刘朝华,潘兆鑫,用于红外焦平面成像的变焦距光学系统,红外,2004,8:10-16
    138 红外与激光技术编辑组编,红外手册:光学系统与元件,天津市(15) 215信箱出版,1980
    139 唐晋发,顾培夫,光学薄膜与技术,机械工业出版社,1989
    140 黄心耕,小视场红外光学系统设计,航天控制,2004,22(5):85-88
    141 赵秀丽,红外光学系统设计,机械工业出版社,1986
    142 Suxia Xing, Chengyi Huang, Benkang Chang, Yunsheng Qian, Junjv Zhang, Miniaturized design for drive circuits of 320*240 uncooled infrared focal plane array, Proc. Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 2003 Vol. 5204,2003, p. 524-531
    143 Junju Zhang, Yunsheng Qian, Benkang Chang, Suxia Xing, and Lianjun Sun, Signal processing of microbolometer infrared focal-planearrays, Proc. Of SPIE, 2005, Vol. 5640: 137-144
    144 M. Z, Tidow, W.W. ClarkⅢw. tipton, R. Hoffman, W. Beck, S.C. Tidrow, D.N. Robertson, H. Pollen "Uncooled Infrared Detectors and Focal Plane arrays" Proc. of SPIE Vol. 3553,178-187, 1998. Zhong Ming, Yang Zhang, Steve Sockolov. How to design a high performance TEC controller. Analog Devices Inc. 2002
    145 AD9240 complete 14-bit IOMSPS monolithic A/D converter. Analog Devices, Inc. 1998.
    146 Cyclone devices handbook. Altera, 2003
    147 TMS320VC33 digital signal processor. Texas instrument, Inc. 1999
    148 陈希孺.概率论与统计基础.北京:科学出版社,2005
    149 ADV7123 triple 10-bit high speed video DAC. Analog Devices, Inc. 1998
    150 ADN8830 thermoelectric cooler controller. Analog Devices, Inc. 2003
    151 TL16C550 asynchronous serial element with auto-flow control. Texas instrument, Inc. 2002
    152 Max3226 RS-232 transceivers with auto shutdown plus. Maximum Inc. 2003
    153 Max6705 supervisors with power fail in/out, manual reset and watchdog timer. Maximum Inc. 2001
    154 Olivier RIOU, Stephane BERREB, Pierre BREMOND "Non Uniformity Correction and Thermal Drift Compensation of Thermal Infrared Camera" Proc. of SPIE Vol. 5405,2004.
    155 D. Murphy, A. Kennedy, M. Ray, R. Wyles, etc. "Resolution and sensitivityimprovements for VOx microbolometer FPAS" Proc. SPIE Vol. 5074, 2004: 402-413.
    156 Milan Sonka, Vaclav Hlavcac, Roger Boyle, Image processing analysis, and machine vision, Thomson Asia Pte Led, 2002
    157 邢素霞,常本康,钱芸生,张俊举,黄诚意,何忠秋,基于高速DSP的红外图像处理电路研究,红外与激光工程,2004,33(3):292-295
    158 Qian yunsheng, Chang Benkang, Zhang Junju, et al, The non-uniformity measurement and image processing algorithm evaluation for uncooled microbolometer infrared focal plane arrays, SPIE, Vol. 5640,2004
    159 张雄伟,曹铁勇.DSP芯片的原理与开发应用.第二版.北京:电子工业出版社, 2000
    160 郭宪成,非制冷红外成像系统图像处理及通信接口技术研究,硕士学位论文,南京理工大学,2006
    161 何中秋,红外图像处理器的图像增强处理与显示,硕士学位论文,南京理工大学, 2005
    162 代永平,王颖,贾连芹,多晶硅OLED象素常用驱动电路分析,现代显示,2005.3: 31-37
    163 屈晓声,OLED显示技术与产品发展趋势,中国电子商情,2006.3:16-18
    164 傅江涛,红外热像仪CRT/LCD显示器驱动电路的研究,硕士学位论文,南京理工大学,2004
    165 茅于海,杨之廉,刘宝琴译 CMOS VLSI设计原理和系统展望,高等教育出版社, 1989
    166 顾祖毅,田立林,富力文,半导体物理学,电子工业出版社,1995
    167 王世允,常本康等,红外焦平面可调偏置电压与温度特性的分析,兵工学报,2005,26(6):842-844.
    168 Wang Shiyun, Chang Benkang, etc. Un-cooled Thermal Imaging and Image Analyse, Proc. SPIE, 2005, Vol. 6047
    169 Wang Shiyun, Chang Benkang, etc. Interaction between parameters of 320×240 pixels un-cooled microbolometer focal plane array detector, Proc. SPIE, 2006, Vol. 6352
    170 Zhang Junju Sun Lianjun Wang Shiyun Chang Benkang Qian Yunsheng Yu Chunyu, Performance analysis of low-cost uncooled icrobolometer infrared detectors, Proc. of SPIE, 2006, Vol. 6352
    171 Bruno FIEQUE, Arnaud CRASTES, Jean-Luc TISSOT, Jean-Pierre CHATARD, 320×240 uncooled microbolometer 2D array for radiometric and process control applications, roceedings of SPIE, 2004, Vol. 5251: 114-220
    172 刘兴明,韩琳,刘理天,新型非致冷红外探测器,半导体光电,2005,26(5):374-377
    173 胡贵红,陈钱,沈晓燕,红外焦平面探测器响应非线性的测定,光电子.激光,2003,14(5):489-491
    174 唐绩,微测辐射热计焦平面非均匀性测试及校正技术研究,硕士论文,南京理工大学,2004
    175 虞水中.非制冷热成像系统算法评估技术研究.硕士学位论文.南京理工大学,2005
    176 雷神公司向美国陆军交付25000套武器热瞄具http://www.qglt.com/bbs/ReadFile.?hichfile=27588&typeid=38
    177 Sun shao-yuan, Jiang zhong-liang, Li zhen-hua, "Infrared image enhancement based on two-dimensional histogram analysis" [J].Proc. SPIE 2003,5203:729-736.
    178 张长江,付梦印,金梅.一种红外图像对比度增强的小波变换[J].红外与毫米波学报,2004 23(2):50-54.
    179 杨必武,郭晓松,王克军,魏皖宁.基于直方图非线性拉伸的红外图像增强新算法.红外与激光工程,2003,32(1):1-3.
    180 陈钱,张保民,顾国华.红外图像序列动态帧间滤波技术.南京理工大学学报(自然科学版).2003.10. vol27,NO.5
    181 王世允,张俊举,孙恋君,喻春雨,常本康,钱芸生,非致冷红外枪瞄实时图像增强算法研究,红外技术,2005,27(6):481-483
    182 殷德奎,俞卞章,佟明安.红外热图像像质评定方法. 激光与红外.1996,126(2):75-79.
    183 周铭,许少辉.一种红外小目标的图像检测方法.半导体光电 2004.7.vol 25, NO.3
    184 过润秋 张颖林 晓春,基于形态滤波的红外小目标检测方法,激光与红外,2005,35(6):451-453
    185 Nobuyuki Otsu . A Threshold Selection Method from Gray—Level Histograms [J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS, 1979, 9(1)
    186 薛雪 刘泽平 丁艳,基于区域增长的图像跟踪算法的研究,光学技术,2005,31(1):152-154
    187 岳振军, 邱望成,刘春林,一种自适应的多目标图像分割方法,中国图像图形学报,2004,9(6):674-678
    188 潘兵,续伯钦,谢惠民,戴福隆,面内位移测量的基于梯度的数字图像相关方法,光学技术,2005,31(5):643-647
    189 江和平,沈振康,基于FP6A实现的自适应卡尔曼滤波器的设计,红外与激光工程,2005,34(2):89-92
    190 邓自立,孙书利,石莹,统一和通用的kalman滤波理论,科学技术与工程,2003,3(5):400-404
    191 周西汉,刘勃,周荷琴,一种基于对称差分和背景消减的运动检测方法,计算机仿真,2005,22(4):117-119
    192 黄飞泉,姜弢,马成顺,基于模板匹配的运动目标快速检测与跟踪,应用科技,2006,33(6):115-117
    193 张克伟,实时模板匹配算法的硬件实现,舰船光学,2004,40(4):29-31
    194 罗来邦,简易红外成像起爆控制系统的研究,博士学位论文,南京理工大学,2005
    195 David A.forsyth,Jean Ponce,计算机视觉——一种现代方法,电子工业出版社,2004
    196 贾云得,机器视觉,科学出版社,2000
    197 Ragoljub Pokrajac, Vesna Zeljkovic, Longin Jan Latecki, Spatial-Temporal Algorithm for Moving Objects Detection in Infrared Video Sequences, IEEE, 2005: 177-180
    198 任丽香,马淑芬等,TMS320C6000系列DSPs的原理和应用,电子工业出版社,2001
    199 Texas Instruments Incorporated, TMS320DM643 Video/Imaging Fixed-Point Digital Signal Processor, 2005
    200 合众达电子公司,SEED-DEC643用户指南,2005
    201 苏红宇,柴饶军,马彩文,复杂背景下运动小目标亚像元识别定位算法,微电子学与计算机,2004,21(10):60-62

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700