基于Web技术的粮库监控系统研究
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摘要
随着网络技术和嵌入式技术的快速发展及其相互融合,Web技术被推广到嵌入式系统的开发与应用中。基于嵌入式Web技术的监控系统成为工业现场实现网络控制的最新发展趋势。嵌入式Web技术满足了现代监控系统的可扩展性、分布式、实时性等特点,具有广阔的应用前景。本文针对大型粮库的要求,并结合嵌入式Web技术的应用,设计出一种基于Web技术的粮库监控系统。
本系统采用分布式的体系结构,主要由三部分组成:粮库现场测控器设备,嵌入式Web服务器和远程监控主机。嵌入式Web服务器向上通过光纤以太网与远程监控主机端的用户交互,向下通过CAN总线与粮库现场测控器通信,测控器根据接收到的用户命令执行相应的操作。
粮库现场测控器是以AT89C51单片机为核心,外接温、湿度传感器,CAN总线及储粮设备的控制电路等构成。然后在此基础上根据粮库的实际需求制定CAN通信协议,设计测控器主程序、CAN总线接收中断程序、编写相关程序实现温、湿度的采集及储粮设备状态的控制,并将采集的数据通过CAN总线上传给Web服务器。
Web服务器工作于嵌入式平台上。该平台由硬件平台SBC-2410X和软件平台嵌入式操作系统arm-linux构成,根据粮库监控的需要,采用CAN控制器MCP2510和收发器TJC1050扩展了CAN接口,并将其驱动程序以静态编译的方式添加到arm-linux的内核中。然后基于此平台进行了嵌入式Boa服务器的设计及Boa监控软件的开发。其中嵌入式Boa服务器的设计主要包括服务器的选择、Boa服务器的配置、编译、移植及其工作过程。监控软件主要包括粮库远程监控页面的设计,系统的安全认证、Web服务器控制粮库的温、湿度的采集及储粮设备状态的CGI程序。通过调用CGI程序完成Web服务器与浏览器、粮库现场测控器之间的信息处理及控制。最后对系统历史数据的存储内容及方式进行了说明。
通过此方案,远程监控主机端的用户可以随时随地通过以太网在浏览器端登陆粮库的监控页面,了解粮库现场的情况,实现对粮库的远程监控。
With the rapid development of network technology and embedded technology and their integration, Web technology has been extended to the development and applications of embedded systems. Monitoring system based on embedded Web technology has become the latest trend of network control at the scene of industry. Embedded Web technology meets scalability, distributed, real-time and other features of the modern monitoring system and has broad application prospects. According to the requirements of large Grain Storage and in conjunction with applications of embedded Web technology, this paper designs a monitoring system of Grain Storage based on Web technology.
This system adopts distributed architecture, mainly composed of three parts: measuring and controlling devices of Grain Storage site, embedded Web server and remote monitoring console. Embedded Web server interacts with remote monitoring console upward through fiber Ethernet, and communicates with measuring and controlling devices of Grain Storage site down through CAN bus. Measuring and controlling devices implement the corresponding operation according to the order receiving from the remote user.
Measuring and controlling device is composed of microcomputer AT89C51, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, the controlling circuit of Grain Storage equipments and so on. Then according to the actual needs of grain, make CAN communication protocol, design the main program for measuring and controlling devices, develop receiving interrupt procedure of CAN bus, make relative program to get temperature and humidity and control the state of Grain Storage equipment, and upload the acquisition through the CAN bus to the Web server.
Web server works on the embedded platform, which is composed of SBC-2410X and embedded operating system arm-linux. According to the needs of grain, expand CAN interface using MCP2510 and TJC1050, and add MCP2510's driver to the arm-linux kernel in static compilation way. Then design embedded Boa server and develop Boa monitoring software based on this platform. The former includes the server options, Boa server configuration, compiler and port process. The latter contains the design of grain remote monitoring page, system security certification and CGI programs of Web server, which control the acquisition of temperature and humidity and the state of Grain Storage equipments. Web server calls CGI programs to deal with the application from user and communicate with measuring and controlling devices of Grain Storage site. Finally, this paper makes brief instruction about the storage content and form of the system historical data.
Through this programme, terminal users from the remote monitoring computer can land the monitoring page of Grain Storage through Ethernet whenever possible, and observe the situation of grain storage site.
本系统采用分布式的体系结构,主要由三部分组成:粮库现场测控器设备,嵌入式Web服务器和远程监控主机。嵌入式Web服务器向上通过光纤以太网与远程监控主机端的用户交互,向下通过CAN总线与粮库现场测控器通信,测控器根据接收到的用户命令执行相应的操作。
粮库现场测控器是以AT89C51单片机为核心,外接温、湿度传感器,CAN总线及储粮设备的控制电路等构成。然后在此基础上根据粮库的实际需求制定CAN通信协议,设计测控器主程序、CAN总线接收中断程序、编写相关程序实现温、湿度的采集及储粮设备状态的控制,并将采集的数据通过CAN总线上传给Web服务器。
Web服务器工作于嵌入式平台上。该平台由硬件平台SBC-2410X和软件平台嵌入式操作系统arm-linux构成,根据粮库监控的需要,采用CAN控制器MCP2510和收发器TJC1050扩展了CAN接口,并将其驱动程序以静态编译的方式添加到arm-linux的内核中。然后基于此平台进行了嵌入式Boa服务器的设计及Boa监控软件的开发。其中嵌入式Boa服务器的设计主要包括服务器的选择、Boa服务器的配置、编译、移植及其工作过程。监控软件主要包括粮库远程监控页面的设计,系统的安全认证、Web服务器控制粮库的温、湿度的采集及储粮设备状态的CGI程序。通过调用CGI程序完成Web服务器与浏览器、粮库现场测控器之间的信息处理及控制。最后对系统历史数据的存储内容及方式进行了说明。
通过此方案,远程监控主机端的用户可以随时随地通过以太网在浏览器端登陆粮库的监控页面,了解粮库现场的情况,实现对粮库的远程监控。
With the rapid development of network technology and embedded technology and their integration, Web technology has been extended to the development and applications of embedded systems. Monitoring system based on embedded Web technology has become the latest trend of network control at the scene of industry. Embedded Web technology meets scalability, distributed, real-time and other features of the modern monitoring system and has broad application prospects. According to the requirements of large Grain Storage and in conjunction with applications of embedded Web technology, this paper designs a monitoring system of Grain Storage based on Web technology.
This system adopts distributed architecture, mainly composed of three parts: measuring and controlling devices of Grain Storage site, embedded Web server and remote monitoring console. Embedded Web server interacts with remote monitoring console upward through fiber Ethernet, and communicates with measuring and controlling devices of Grain Storage site down through CAN bus. Measuring and controlling devices implement the corresponding operation according to the order receiving from the remote user.
Measuring and controlling device is composed of microcomputer AT89C51, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, the controlling circuit of Grain Storage equipments and so on. Then according to the actual needs of grain, make CAN communication protocol, design the main program for measuring and controlling devices, develop receiving interrupt procedure of CAN bus, make relative program to get temperature and humidity and control the state of Grain Storage equipment, and upload the acquisition through the CAN bus to the Web server.
Web server works on the embedded platform, which is composed of SBC-2410X and embedded operating system arm-linux. According to the needs of grain, expand CAN interface using MCP2510 and TJC1050, and add MCP2510's driver to the arm-linux kernel in static compilation way. Then design embedded Boa server and develop Boa monitoring software based on this platform. The former includes the server options, Boa server configuration, compiler and port process. The latter contains the design of grain remote monitoring page, system security certification and CGI programs of Web server, which control the acquisition of temperature and humidity and the state of Grain Storage equipments. Web server calls CGI programs to deal with the application from user and communicate with measuring and controlling devices of Grain Storage site. Finally, this paper makes brief instruction about the storage content and form of the system historical data.
Through this programme, terminal users from the remote monitoring computer can land the monitoring page of Grain Storage through Ethernet whenever possible, and observe the situation of grain storage site.
引文
[1]邵丽红.智能化粮情监控系统的研究与开发:[硕士学位论文].郑州:郑州大学,2005
[2]何立民.嵌入式系统的定义与发展历史[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,1:6-8
[3]Bentham Jeremy.TCP/IP lean Web Servers for Embedded Systems,2E 2002:243-331
[4]Hong-Taek Ju.Embedded Web Server Auchitecture for Web-based Element and Network Management.Department of Computer Science and Engineering.2001
[5]Engineering Web Technologies for Embeddes Applications,Control Engineering,2000,12(6):6-9
[6]Auer C,Klimbacher A P.Embedded Web Server Technology for Remote Online labs.ISLE,Dubrovnik,2005:1673-1676
[7]吴明晖.基于ARM的嵌入式系统开发与应用.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004
[8]王继成,武港山。Web应用开发原理与技术。北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[9]D.I.Shin,S.J.Huh,T.S.Lee,I.Y.Kim.Web-based remote monitoring of infant incubators in the ICU.International Journal of Medical Informatics 2003(7),151-156
[10]邹益仁,马增良,蒲维.现场总线控制系统的设计和开发.北京:国防工业出版社,2003
[11]饶运涛,邹继军,郑勇芸.现场总线CAN原理与应用技术[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[12]李令奇,王毅峰.CAN总线在粮情测控系统中的应用.中国仪器仪表.2001,1:29-33
[13]汤庆.基于单片机的粮库温度监控系统设计:[硕士学位论文].大连:大连海事大学.2004
[14]来清民.基于CAN总线的多功能大型粮仓远程监测系统.微计算机信息,2005,21(7):51-53
[15]Steve Heath.Embedded systems design.Oxford:Newnes,1997
[16]李京平.孙悦.操作系统原理与应用(Linux).北京:中国林业出版社,2006
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[19]DALLAS Semiconductor.DS2438 Smart Battery Monitor[M].Applicaton Note,1998
[20]Programmable Resolution 1-Wire Digital Thermometer.Maxim Inc.2000
[21]李朝青.单片机原理及接口技术.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[22]于明,范书瑞,曾祥烨.ARM9嵌入式系统设计与开发教程.北京:电子工业出版社,2006
[23]王淑娟.基于嵌入式Web服务器的远程监控系统的研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学,2004
[24]高胜法.CAN总线通信适配卡的设计与实现.国外电子元器件.2003,1:45-49
[25]张曦煌,柴志雷.嵌入式Web服务器中CGI的特点及实现[J].小型微型计算机系统.2003,24(11):2046-2048
[26]陈涛.嵌入式系统在粮情监控系统中的应用与研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2004
[27]潘巨龙,黄宁,姚伏天,陈科杰,道克刚.ARM9嵌入式Linux系统构建与应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006
[28]CS8900A Datasheet.cirrus logic,2003
[29]求是科技.单片机通信技术与工程实践.北京:人民邮电出版社,2005
[30]武壮.CAN总线应用系统设计:[硕士学位论文].保定:河北大学,2005
[31]李伯成.嵌入式系统可靠性设计.北京:电子工业出版社,2006
[32]高芳.温度、湿度实时监测与报警系统的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].保定:河北大学,2005
[33]杜尚丰,曹晓钟,徐津.CAN总线测控技术及其应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2007
[34]闫胜利,王朝瑞.基于DS18B20的温度控制系统设计.长春工程学院学报,2002,3(4):55-59
[35]刘峥嵘,张智超,许振山等.嵌入式Linux应用开发详解.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[36]Robert Love.LINUX Kernel Development.Novell Press.2006
[37]邹思轶.嵌入式Linux的设计与应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[38]Kevin Dankwardt.Real-Time and Linux,Part 3:Sub-Kernels and Benchmarks.Embedded Linux journal.2002.5:27-31
[39]Wiolliam Wong.RealTime Linux Gains Real-Time Networking Support.Electronic design,2003
[40]Camposano,Raul Wilberg,Jorg.Embedded system design.Design Automation for Embedded Systems,2004
[41]孙琼.嵌入式Linux应用程序开发详解.北京:人民邮电出版社,2006
[42]周立功,陈明计,陈渝.ARM9嵌入式Linux系统构建与驱动开发范例.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006
[43]刘淼.嵌入式系统接口设计与Linux驱动程序开发.北京:北京航空航天大学出版 社,2005
[44]陈祖爵,周明.嵌入式Linux下CAN控制器驱动程序设计.计算机工程与设计,2006,27(21):97-100
[45]安涛.嵌入式环境下基于WEB的远程监控系统设计与研究:[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2006
[46]孙辉,陆松年,杨树堂.基于Linux和S3C2410的嵌入式WebServer的研究与实现.计算机应用与软件,2007,24(2):134-136
[47]冯进文.嵌入式Linux在基于Web的远程监控系统中的应用:[硕士学位论文].成都:四川大学,2006
[48]陆永健,王萍,吴佳,张永力.嵌入式Web服务器的移植及应用.河海大学常州分校学报,2005,19(4):44-47
[49]小泉,王浩.Web技术—HTTP到服务器端.北京:科学出版社,2004
[50]张斌,高波.Linux平台下的Web编程.北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[51]温立群.基于嵌入式Web远程监控系统的研究与应用:[硕士学位论文].西安:西安电子科技大学,2005
[52]刘伟,李小武等.CGI技术全面接触[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001
[2]何立民.嵌入式系统的定义与发展历史[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,1:6-8
[3]Bentham Jeremy.TCP/IP lean Web Servers for Embedded Systems,2E 2002:243-331
[4]Hong-Taek Ju.Embedded Web Server Auchitecture for Web-based Element and Network Management.Department of Computer Science and Engineering.2001
[5]Engineering Web Technologies for Embeddes Applications,Control Engineering,2000,12(6):6-9
[6]Auer C,Klimbacher A P.Embedded Web Server Technology for Remote Online labs.ISLE,Dubrovnik,2005:1673-1676
[7]吴明晖.基于ARM的嵌入式系统开发与应用.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004
[8]王继成,武港山。Web应用开发原理与技术。北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[9]D.I.Shin,S.J.Huh,T.S.Lee,I.Y.Kim.Web-based remote monitoring of infant incubators in the ICU.International Journal of Medical Informatics 2003(7),151-156
[10]邹益仁,马增良,蒲维.现场总线控制系统的设计和开发.北京:国防工业出版社,2003
[11]饶运涛,邹继军,郑勇芸.现场总线CAN原理与应用技术[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[12]李令奇,王毅峰.CAN总线在粮情测控系统中的应用.中国仪器仪表.2001,1:29-33
[13]汤庆.基于单片机的粮库温度监控系统设计:[硕士学位论文].大连:大连海事大学.2004
[14]来清民.基于CAN总线的多功能大型粮仓远程监测系统.微计算机信息,2005,21(7):51-53
[15]Steve Heath.Embedded systems design.Oxford:Newnes,1997
[16]李京平.孙悦.操作系统原理与应用(Linux).北京:中国林业出版社,2006
[17]Dallas Corp.DS18B20 Programmable Resolution One-wire Digital Thermometer[Z].2000
[18]Honeywell Sensing and Control.HIH-3610 Series Humidity Sensors[M].Applicaton Note,1998
[19]DALLAS Semiconductor.DS2438 Smart Battery Monitor[M].Applicaton Note,1998
[20]Programmable Resolution 1-Wire Digital Thermometer.Maxim Inc.2000
[21]李朝青.单片机原理及接口技术.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[22]于明,范书瑞,曾祥烨.ARM9嵌入式系统设计与开发教程.北京:电子工业出版社,2006
[23]王淑娟.基于嵌入式Web服务器的远程监控系统的研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学,2004
[24]高胜法.CAN总线通信适配卡的设计与实现.国外电子元器件.2003,1:45-49
[25]张曦煌,柴志雷.嵌入式Web服务器中CGI的特点及实现[J].小型微型计算机系统.2003,24(11):2046-2048
[26]陈涛.嵌入式系统在粮情监控系统中的应用与研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2004
[27]潘巨龙,黄宁,姚伏天,陈科杰,道克刚.ARM9嵌入式Linux系统构建与应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006
[28]CS8900A Datasheet.cirrus logic,2003
[29]求是科技.单片机通信技术与工程实践.北京:人民邮电出版社,2005
[30]武壮.CAN总线应用系统设计:[硕士学位论文].保定:河北大学,2005
[31]李伯成.嵌入式系统可靠性设计.北京:电子工业出版社,2006
[32]高芳.温度、湿度实时监测与报警系统的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].保定:河北大学,2005
[33]杜尚丰,曹晓钟,徐津.CAN总线测控技术及其应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2007
[34]闫胜利,王朝瑞.基于DS18B20的温度控制系统设计.长春工程学院学报,2002,3(4):55-59
[35]刘峥嵘,张智超,许振山等.嵌入式Linux应用开发详解.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[36]Robert Love.LINUX Kernel Development.Novell Press.2006
[37]邹思轶.嵌入式Linux的设计与应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[38]Kevin Dankwardt.Real-Time and Linux,Part 3:Sub-Kernels and Benchmarks.Embedded Linux journal.2002.5:27-31
[39]Wiolliam Wong.RealTime Linux Gains Real-Time Networking Support.Electronic design,2003
[40]Camposano,Raul Wilberg,Jorg.Embedded system design.Design Automation for Embedded Systems,2004
[41]孙琼.嵌入式Linux应用程序开发详解.北京:人民邮电出版社,2006
[42]周立功,陈明计,陈渝.ARM9嵌入式Linux系统构建与驱动开发范例.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006
[43]刘淼.嵌入式系统接口设计与Linux驱动程序开发.北京:北京航空航天大学出版 社,2005
[44]陈祖爵,周明.嵌入式Linux下CAN控制器驱动程序设计.计算机工程与设计,2006,27(21):97-100
[45]安涛.嵌入式环境下基于WEB的远程监控系统设计与研究:[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2006
[46]孙辉,陆松年,杨树堂.基于Linux和S3C2410的嵌入式WebServer的研究与实现.计算机应用与软件,2007,24(2):134-136
[47]冯进文.嵌入式Linux在基于Web的远程监控系统中的应用:[硕士学位论文].成都:四川大学,2006
[48]陆永健,王萍,吴佳,张永力.嵌入式Web服务器的移植及应用.河海大学常州分校学报,2005,19(4):44-47
[49]小泉,王浩.Web技术—HTTP到服务器端.北京:科学出版社,2004
[50]张斌,高波.Linux平台下的Web编程.北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[51]温立群.基于嵌入式Web远程监控系统的研究与应用:[硕士学位论文].西安:西安电子科技大学,2005
[52]刘伟,李小武等.CGI技术全面接触[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001