改善有机电致发光器件的效率和稳定性的研究
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摘要
利用时间分辨光致发光光谱研究了采用辅助掺杂的方法制备有机红光电致发光器件内的能量转移过程。通过对荧光衰减曲线的拟合,首次计算出从Alq到DCJTB、从Alq到rubrene以及从rubrene到DCJTB的能量转移速率分别为1.04×109 s-1, 3.89×109 s-1, and 2.79×109 s-1。可以看出能量通过rubrene从Alq到DCJTB的转移速率是能量直接从Alq到DCJTB的2.7倍。制作了掺杂两种荧光染料rubrene、DCJTB的有机红光电致发光器件,与只掺杂DCJTB的红光器件相比,红光的色纯度、亮度、效率都有了很大的提高。通过分析器件的光致发光、电致发光及时间分辨光致发光特性,器件性能的提高被认为是由于掺入的rubrene能够帮助能量从Alq到DCJTB的转移。依据能量给体的发射光谱与能量受体的吸收光谱的重叠大小以及器件的电流-电压特性,我们认为在能量通过rubrene从Alq到DCJTB的转移过程中,F?rster能量转移不是能量转移的主要形式,载流子转移起主要作用。
利用新型铼系磷光材料DMFbpy-Re、Dpphen-Re、Dmphen-Re、phen-Re采用在荧光母体CBP中掺杂磷光材料的方式制备了有机电致发光器件,设计了一种适于研究电致磷光过程的器件结构。器件的结构为:ITO/NPB(40 nm)/CBP:铼系磷光材料(30 nm)/BCP(30 nm)/LiF(0.5 nm)/Al(120 nm),获得了发射橙红及黄光的器件。对掺杂不同材料以及不同浓度的器件的发光特性进行了表征,确定了DMFbpy-Re、Dpphen-Re、Dmphen-Re、phen-Re的最佳掺杂浓度分别为6%、6%、6%、10%,在最佳掺杂浓度时器件的最大效率分别为1.28cd/A、6.10cd/A、7.15cd/A、6.67cd/A ,最大亮度分别为582cd/m2、1836cd/m2、3686cd/m2、1955cd/m2。发现在器件实际使用的亮度100cd/m2时,掺杂Dpphen-Re(6%)、Dmphen-Re(6%)、phen-Re(10%)磷光材料的器件,保持了比较高的效率(>5.5cd/A),这在磷光材料掺杂器件中是比较好的结果。
基于自旋电子学的研究进展,首次提出通过选择合适的磁性材料来控制注入到有机电致发光器件中的载流子的自旋方向,使在发光区只形成单线态激子,从而提高电致荧光器件的效率的设想。我们认为如果能控制从阳极注入的空穴都是下自旋(自旋量子数为-1/2)从阴极注入的电子都是上自旋(自旋量子数为+1/2),这样当他们在发光区相遇时,就只形成单线态激子而不形成三线态激子了。初步研究了有机电致发光器件的自旋注入,制作了以铁磁金属Ni做电极的有机电致发光器件,并测试了Ni做阳极的器件所发射的光的偏振特性,对实验结果进行了分析,根据自旋保持长度lsf∝μ1/2,从而认为要实现上述实验设想,需要选用具有高迁移率的有机材料,在低温条件下进行测试,施加强磁场等。
Up to date, Flat Panel Displays (FPDs) are playing important roles for mankind to get information and their effects are significant. Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) are important members of FPDs and attract world wide attention in the fields of science and industry due to their many merits of light weight, low cost, broad visual angle, high response speed, spontaneous light-emitting, high brightness and efficiency, etc. Since C. W. Tang and et al. report the high brightness OLEDs at low operating voltage for the first time in 1987, many progress have been made. By the use of novel materials, suitable structures and the efforts of world-known companies, OELDs are being moved out of the laboratory and made into commodities. Although the performances of some OLEDs are high, further improving the performances of OLEDs is still the research focus in the world.
In this thesis, we have made some meaningful works relating to the improving efficiency of OLEDs and the degradation mechanism of OLEDs.
1. Time-resolved photoluminescence spectra are firstly used to study the energy transfer processes in the co-doped organic red light-emitting devices.
The energy transfer rates from Alq3 to DCJTB, from Alq3 to rubrene, and from rubrene to DCJTB are proximately calculated to be 1.04×109 s-1, 3.89×
利用新型铼系磷光材料DMFbpy-Re、Dpphen-Re、Dmphen-Re、phen-Re采用在荧光母体CBP中掺杂磷光材料的方式制备了有机电致发光器件,设计了一种适于研究电致磷光过程的器件结构。器件的结构为:ITO/NPB(40 nm)/CBP:铼系磷光材料(30 nm)/BCP(30 nm)/LiF(0.5 nm)/Al(120 nm),获得了发射橙红及黄光的器件。对掺杂不同材料以及不同浓度的器件的发光特性进行了表征,确定了DMFbpy-Re、Dpphen-Re、Dmphen-Re、phen-Re的最佳掺杂浓度分别为6%、6%、6%、10%,在最佳掺杂浓度时器件的最大效率分别为1.28cd/A、6.10cd/A、7.15cd/A、6.67cd/A ,最大亮度分别为582cd/m2、1836cd/m2、3686cd/m2、1955cd/m2。发现在器件实际使用的亮度100cd/m2时,掺杂Dpphen-Re(6%)、Dmphen-Re(6%)、phen-Re(10%)磷光材料的器件,保持了比较高的效率(>5.5cd/A),这在磷光材料掺杂器件中是比较好的结果。
基于自旋电子学的研究进展,首次提出通过选择合适的磁性材料来控制注入到有机电致发光器件中的载流子的自旋方向,使在发光区只形成单线态激子,从而提高电致荧光器件的效率的设想。我们认为如果能控制从阳极注入的空穴都是下自旋(自旋量子数为-1/2)从阴极注入的电子都是上自旋(自旋量子数为+1/2),这样当他们在发光区相遇时,就只形成单线态激子而不形成三线态激子了。初步研究了有机电致发光器件的自旋注入,制作了以铁磁金属Ni做电极的有机电致发光器件,并测试了Ni做阳极的器件所发射的光的偏振特性,对实验结果进行了分析,根据自旋保持长度lsf∝μ1/2,从而认为要实现上述实验设想,需要选用具有高迁移率的有机材料,在低温条件下进行测试,施加强磁场等。
Up to date, Flat Panel Displays (FPDs) are playing important roles for mankind to get information and their effects are significant. Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) are important members of FPDs and attract world wide attention in the fields of science and industry due to their many merits of light weight, low cost, broad visual angle, high response speed, spontaneous light-emitting, high brightness and efficiency, etc. Since C. W. Tang and et al. report the high brightness OLEDs at low operating voltage for the first time in 1987, many progress have been made. By the use of novel materials, suitable structures and the efforts of world-known companies, OELDs are being moved out of the laboratory and made into commodities. Although the performances of some OLEDs are high, further improving the performances of OLEDs is still the research focus in the world.
In this thesis, we have made some meaningful works relating to the improving efficiency of OLEDs and the degradation mechanism of OLEDs.
1. Time-resolved photoluminescence spectra are firstly used to study the energy transfer processes in the co-doped organic red light-emitting devices.
The energy transfer rates from Alq3 to DCJTB, from Alq3 to rubrene, and from rubrene to DCJTB are proximately calculated to be 1.04×109 s-1, 3.89×
引文
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