购物中心中庭空间设计研究
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摘要
1990年代以来,随着我国城市化水平的提高和生活方式的改变,国外的“Shopping Mall”概念逐步引入国内的大中型城市,国内商业建筑从原本简单的零售功能向购物消费、休闲健身、娱乐、饮食等综合服务为主的一站式消费中心(one-step shopping)发展。购物中心的原型是指一系列围绕着一条街或者是几条步行街来布置的商铺,并在其交汇的地方设置中庭,这也就是传统购物中心的空间特点。中庭空间的特色直接决定了购物中心的个性和特色,它是消费者体验活动和公共交流的核心空间,是构成购物中心空间骨架的基本要素,是购物中心内部空间设计的重点。近20年来,随着商业消费模式的不断改变,购物中心的内涵、外延及其与城市空间的关系也发生了深刻改变。其中庭空间的设计为适应市场发展需要也在不断地更新与调整:如何通过中庭空间的设计,使得内部空间的使用更加满足新的时代背景下的市场需求是当前国内购物中心设计研究的一个重点。论文从空间形态,交通空间、环境与服务设施等方面来探讨中庭的空间设计策略与方法,对购物中心中庭空间设计和思路进行总结,以期对购物中心中庭的设计提供一些设计借鉴。
论文共分6个部分:第一章绪论,提出课题的研究背景,从购物中心的中庭发展入手,界定了中庭概念,介绍了论文的选题背景及研究意义,研究方法与研究框架。第二章主要是提出问题部分,通过对城市的购物中心中庭的空间实地调研,分析数据,提出问题,引出中庭空间设计的方法。第三章和第四章是解决课题—-依据调研的分析,将中庭主要分为:内部形态、交通空间、空间环境、服务功能四个主要方面来探讨购物中心中庭的空间设计方法,同时提出设计对策。第五章是购物中心中庭的空间设计实例分析。第六章是对购物中心的中庭的发展趋势进行展望。
Since the 1990s, with the development of urbanization level and the improvement of lifestyle, the foreign concept of“Shopping Mall”is gradually introduced to those large and medium cities in China, the domestic commercial buildings is expanding from the original feature of retail trade-oriented to more comprehensive services of one-step shopping with the function of shopping, leisure fitness exercises, entertainment and catering service. The prototype of a shopping mall is a series of shopping stores displaying around a street or some pedestrian streets and with an atrium set in the intersection of those streets, which is the characteristics of the space in the traditional shopping center. The features of the atrium space could be directly perceived through the unique style and the characteristics of a shopping center. The atrium space is the core place for the consumers to experience consuming activities and communicate in the public space. Besides, it is the basic element of constituting the skeleton of the shopping space as well as the focus of the design pattern of inner shopping space. In the past 20 years, with the change of commercial consumption patterns, profound improvement has being taken place in the concept of shopping center in connotation and extension and its relationship with urban space.
The design pattern for the atrium space needs to be constantly updated and adjusted in order to meet the requirement of the ever-changing market: the most important research point in the domestic market currently is how to design, through elaborative design process, an atrium space that enables its inner space meet the demand of the market under the background of the new times. This paper explores the tactics and methods of how to design the atrium from space pattern, traffic space, environment and service facilities, making a generalization on the ways of atrium space design pattern as well as providing some experiences and references about the atrium design in the shopping mall.
This thesis is divided into six parts: in the first chapter, the research background of the subject is advanced first of all. From the development history of the atrium in shopping center, it goes on to define the concept of the atrium and describe the background of choosing this subject and the significance of this research. Later, it introduces the research methodology and the research framework. The second chapter is the part that the crucial problem is raised. Through field research and data-analyzing, this chapter advances the problem and draw attention to the method of atrium design. Chapters three and chapter four mainly aim to solve the problem by basing on an analysis of research result and divide the way of atrium design into four aspects: interior configuration, communication space, environment of the space, service function. By the end of chapter four, it brings up the counter measures in the design process. Chapter five contains some practical analysis on the atrium space design. Chapter six presents a prospect for the future trends of the shopping mall.
论文共分6个部分:第一章绪论,提出课题的研究背景,从购物中心的中庭发展入手,界定了中庭概念,介绍了论文的选题背景及研究意义,研究方法与研究框架。第二章主要是提出问题部分,通过对城市的购物中心中庭的空间实地调研,分析数据,提出问题,引出中庭空间设计的方法。第三章和第四章是解决课题—-依据调研的分析,将中庭主要分为:内部形态、交通空间、空间环境、服务功能四个主要方面来探讨购物中心中庭的空间设计方法,同时提出设计对策。第五章是购物中心中庭的空间设计实例分析。第六章是对购物中心的中庭的发展趋势进行展望。
Since the 1990s, with the development of urbanization level and the improvement of lifestyle, the foreign concept of“Shopping Mall”is gradually introduced to those large and medium cities in China, the domestic commercial buildings is expanding from the original feature of retail trade-oriented to more comprehensive services of one-step shopping with the function of shopping, leisure fitness exercises, entertainment and catering service. The prototype of a shopping mall is a series of shopping stores displaying around a street or some pedestrian streets and with an atrium set in the intersection of those streets, which is the characteristics of the space in the traditional shopping center. The features of the atrium space could be directly perceived through the unique style and the characteristics of a shopping center. The atrium space is the core place for the consumers to experience consuming activities and communicate in the public space. Besides, it is the basic element of constituting the skeleton of the shopping space as well as the focus of the design pattern of inner shopping space. In the past 20 years, with the change of commercial consumption patterns, profound improvement has being taken place in the concept of shopping center in connotation and extension and its relationship with urban space.
The design pattern for the atrium space needs to be constantly updated and adjusted in order to meet the requirement of the ever-changing market: the most important research point in the domestic market currently is how to design, through elaborative design process, an atrium space that enables its inner space meet the demand of the market under the background of the new times. This paper explores the tactics and methods of how to design the atrium from space pattern, traffic space, environment and service facilities, making a generalization on the ways of atrium space design pattern as well as providing some experiences and references about the atrium design in the shopping mall.
This thesis is divided into six parts: in the first chapter, the research background of the subject is advanced first of all. From the development history of the atrium in shopping center, it goes on to define the concept of the atrium and describe the background of choosing this subject and the significance of this research. Later, it introduces the research methodology and the research framework. The second chapter is the part that the crucial problem is raised. Through field research and data-analyzing, this chapter advances the problem and draw attention to the method of atrium design. Chapters three and chapter four mainly aim to solve the problem by basing on an analysis of research result and divide the way of atrium design into four aspects: interior configuration, communication space, environment of the space, service function. By the end of chapter four, it brings up the counter measures in the design process. Chapter five contains some practical analysis on the atrium space design. Chapter six presents a prospect for the future trends of the shopping mall.
引文
[1] Jeffrey Inaba, Rem Koolhaas, Sze Tsung Leong. The Harvard Design School Guide to Shopping / Harvard Design School Project on the City 2 [M]. America:Taschen,2002.
[2] Rem Koolhaas, Bruce Mau, Hans Werlemann.S, M, L, XL [M]. America: Monacelli Press, 1997.
[3] Rem Koolhaas, Stefano Boeri , Sanford Kwinter, Nadia Tazi, Daniela Fabricius. Mutations [M]. America:Actar,2001.
[4]佚名.大型购物中心在我国的发展[J].商场现代化,2008,25.
[5] [美]城市土地研究学会. DEVELOPMENT&DESIGN OF RETAIL&ENTERTAINMENT [M].李树会,周鸿飞译.辽宁科学技术出版社, 2007, 1-228.
[6] [美]Ernest·Burden.英汉建筑图解词典[M].褚智勇罗奇张冷娟王丹丹.中国电力出版社,2007,8.
[7] [荷]根特城市研究小组.城市状态:当代大都市的空间、社区和本质[M].敬东谢倩译.知识产权出版社, 2005:297-298.
[8] [英]理查·萨克森.中庭建筑一一开发与设计[M].戴复东等译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 1990, 1-220.
[9]钱坤.主题体验式购物中心设计研究[D].重庆大学,2005.
[10]王后军等.国内Mall建设的透视和思考[J].华中建筑, 2004,02:62-64.
[11] [美]凯文·林奇.城市意象[M].项秉仁译.北京:华夏出版社, 2001,1-67.
[12]何子张,邓蜀阳.城市空间的新拓展—融合建筑中庭与城市广场的城市中庭[J],中外建筑, 2004, 05: 69-71.
[13]程大锦.建筑:形式、空间和秩序[M].天津大学出版社,2008.
[14] Uffelen, Chris van. Mall & Department Stores[M]. U.S.A: A1Books,2008.
[15] [古罗马]维特鲁威.建筑十书[M].高履泰译.北京:知识产权出版社,2004,01.
[16]国际购物中心协会编写.购物中心专用术语词典[M].时启亮、侯文平译.上海人民出社, 2007,30.
[17] Kitaj .Colin St John Wilson and Mj Long[M], Perseus Distribution Services,2008,18.
[18] [英]布莱恩劳森.空间的语言[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2003, 23.
[19] John Dixon.Urban Spaces No.4[M]. Visual Reference Publications,2005.
[20]刘念雄.购物中心开发设计与管理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2001, 4-5.
[21] [美]阿恩河姆等.艺术的心理世界[M].周宪译.北京:人民大学出版社,2003,153.
[22] [丹麦]杨·盖尔.交往与空间[M].何人可译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002,167.
[23] (英)若弗雷·H.巴克.建筑设计方略—形式的分析[M].王玮,张宝林,王丽娟译.中国水利水电出版社,2005,52.
[24]刘云月.公共建筑设计原理[M].南京:东南大学出版社, 2004, 1-140.
[25]洪麦恩,唐颖.现代商业空间艺术设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006,160-237.
[26]岭南建筑丛书编辑委员会编.莫伯治集.广州:华南理工大学出版社, 1994.32-33
[27]魏宏杨,李竹.商场中庭空间营造中的问题及对策[J] .室内设计,2004, 01: 3-4.
[28]陆邵明.建筑体验—空间中的情节.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2007.
[29]谷口汎邦等.商业设施[M].黎雪梅译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002,1-137.
[30]曹杰勇.商业建筑中庭空间设计研究[D].西安建筑科技大学,2003.
[31]陈红宇.国内大型购物中心Shopping Mall发展模式研究[D].重庆大学,2004.
[32]潘猛,李信.超大型购物中心的空间设计[M].北京:东南大学出版社,2004.
[33]李怒建.中庭空间发展的研究分析与启迪[D].合肥工业大学,2005.
[34]王煜华.建筑中庭空间设计研究[D].南京林业大学,2005.
[35]王瑞萍.办公建筑中庭的空间形态研究[D].西南交通大学,2005.
[36]王殿池.公共建筑中庭设计探析[D].河北工业大学,2007.
[37]陆邵明.建筑体验—空间中的情节[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007.
[38]戴叶子.朗豪坊购物中心的几点设计启示[J].NEW ARCHITECTURE.2009, 04.
[39]戴叶子.有关香港购物中心设计的几点分析[J].A + C.2009,06.
[40]戴叶子.大块头有大智慧——由香港MegaBox看垂直型购物中心建筑设计[J].华中建筑.2009,08.
[41]百通集团.现代建筑集成[M].辽宁科学技术出版社, 2000.
[42]广州市唐艺文化传播有限公司.Shopping mall商业广场II[M].大连理工大学出版社, 2007.
[43]刘晓辉,杨宇振.商业建筑[M].武汉工业大学出版社, 2000.
[44]《建筑学报》,《世界建筑导报》,《INTERIOR DESIGN+CONSTRUCTION》[J]若干期.
[45]收索引擎: WWW.GOOGLE.COM, WWW.BAIDU.COM
[46]联合参考咨询与文献传递网(http://www.ucdrs.net/)
[2] Rem Koolhaas, Bruce Mau, Hans Werlemann.S, M, L, XL [M]. America: Monacelli Press, 1997.
[3] Rem Koolhaas, Stefano Boeri , Sanford Kwinter, Nadia Tazi, Daniela Fabricius. Mutations [M]. America:Actar,2001.
[4]佚名.大型购物中心在我国的发展[J].商场现代化,2008,25.
[5] [美]城市土地研究学会. DEVELOPMENT&DESIGN OF RETAIL&ENTERTAINMENT [M].李树会,周鸿飞译.辽宁科学技术出版社, 2007, 1-228.
[6] [美]Ernest·Burden.英汉建筑图解词典[M].褚智勇罗奇张冷娟王丹丹.中国电力出版社,2007,8.
[7] [荷]根特城市研究小组.城市状态:当代大都市的空间、社区和本质[M].敬东谢倩译.知识产权出版社, 2005:297-298.
[8] [英]理查·萨克森.中庭建筑一一开发与设计[M].戴复东等译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 1990, 1-220.
[9]钱坤.主题体验式购物中心设计研究[D].重庆大学,2005.
[10]王后军等.国内Mall建设的透视和思考[J].华中建筑, 2004,02:62-64.
[11] [美]凯文·林奇.城市意象[M].项秉仁译.北京:华夏出版社, 2001,1-67.
[12]何子张,邓蜀阳.城市空间的新拓展—融合建筑中庭与城市广场的城市中庭[J],中外建筑, 2004, 05: 69-71.
[13]程大锦.建筑:形式、空间和秩序[M].天津大学出版社,2008.
[14] Uffelen, Chris van. Mall & Department Stores[M]. U.S.A: A1Books,2008.
[15] [古罗马]维特鲁威.建筑十书[M].高履泰译.北京:知识产权出版社,2004,01.
[16]国际购物中心协会编写.购物中心专用术语词典[M].时启亮、侯文平译.上海人民出社, 2007,30.
[17] Kitaj .Colin St John Wilson and Mj Long[M], Perseus Distribution Services,2008,18.
[18] [英]布莱恩劳森.空间的语言[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2003, 23.
[19] John Dixon.Urban Spaces No.4[M]. Visual Reference Publications,2005.
[20]刘念雄.购物中心开发设计与管理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2001, 4-5.
[21] [美]阿恩河姆等.艺术的心理世界[M].周宪译.北京:人民大学出版社,2003,153.
[22] [丹麦]杨·盖尔.交往与空间[M].何人可译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002,167.
[23] (英)若弗雷·H.巴克.建筑设计方略—形式的分析[M].王玮,张宝林,王丽娟译.中国水利水电出版社,2005,52.
[24]刘云月.公共建筑设计原理[M].南京:东南大学出版社, 2004, 1-140.
[25]洪麦恩,唐颖.现代商业空间艺术设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006,160-237.
[26]岭南建筑丛书编辑委员会编.莫伯治集.广州:华南理工大学出版社, 1994.32-33
[27]魏宏杨,李竹.商场中庭空间营造中的问题及对策[J] .室内设计,2004, 01: 3-4.
[28]陆邵明.建筑体验—空间中的情节.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2007.
[29]谷口汎邦等.商业设施[M].黎雪梅译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002,1-137.
[30]曹杰勇.商业建筑中庭空间设计研究[D].西安建筑科技大学,2003.
[31]陈红宇.国内大型购物中心Shopping Mall发展模式研究[D].重庆大学,2004.
[32]潘猛,李信.超大型购物中心的空间设计[M].北京:东南大学出版社,2004.
[33]李怒建.中庭空间发展的研究分析与启迪[D].合肥工业大学,2005.
[34]王煜华.建筑中庭空间设计研究[D].南京林业大学,2005.
[35]王瑞萍.办公建筑中庭的空间形态研究[D].西南交通大学,2005.
[36]王殿池.公共建筑中庭设计探析[D].河北工业大学,2007.
[37]陆邵明.建筑体验—空间中的情节[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007.
[38]戴叶子.朗豪坊购物中心的几点设计启示[J].NEW ARCHITECTURE.2009, 04.
[39]戴叶子.有关香港购物中心设计的几点分析[J].A + C.2009,06.
[40]戴叶子.大块头有大智慧——由香港MegaBox看垂直型购物中心建筑设计[J].华中建筑.2009,08.
[41]百通集团.现代建筑集成[M].辽宁科学技术出版社, 2000.
[42]广州市唐艺文化传播有限公司.Shopping mall商业广场II[M].大连理工大学出版社, 2007.
[43]刘晓辉,杨宇振.商业建筑[M].武汉工业大学出版社, 2000.
[44]《建筑学报》,《世界建筑导报》,《INTERIOR DESIGN+CONSTRUCTION》[J]若干期.
[45]收索引擎: WWW.GOOGLE.COM, WWW.BAIDU.COM
[46]联合参考咨询与文献传递网(http://www.ucdrs.net/)