基于语义的Web服务的自动化执行与监控
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摘要
语义Web服务是由语义Web技术和Web服务技术相结合产生的,它不但具有Web服务的松耦合性,跨技术、跨平台的特点,而且由于引入了语义信息,使计算机可以理解其内容,从而为支持Web服务的自动化发现、执行、组合和监控提供了基础。
Web服务的执行与监控在Web服务组合以及Web服务选择技术中起着至关重要的作用,一直是业界研究的重点。Web服务的执行是Web服务组合中关键的一个阶段,它的自动化程度直接决定了能否实现Web服务组合的自动化;Web服务监控是与Web服务执行紧密联系的,Web服务监控的目的就是通过执行数据计算Web服务的Qos参数,从而应用于Web服务选择,Web服务监控的方法与Qos计算算法的优劣影响了Web服务选择的有效性。因此,研究Web服务执行的自动化和Web服务监控具有重大意义。
本文的主要目的是研究、设计与实现一个语义Web服务的自动化执行平台,它具有如下功能:支持Web服务的自动化执行,动态的故障恢复;支持Web服务的监控以及应用于Web服务选择的Qos参数的计算。
论文共分八个章节:第一章,介绍本文工作的背景以及主要内容;第二章,概述Web服务和语义Web服务技术;第三章,简介主流的Web服务执行引擎和Web服务Qos技术;第四章,阐述Web服务自动化执行和动态监控的原理;第五章,分析Web服务的监控技术和应用于Web服务选择的Qos参数计算算法;第六章,介绍本文提出的Web服务自动化执行平台的设计与实现;第七章,通过实验和对实验数据的分析,说明Web服务自动化执行平台的功能与优点;第八章,总结论文的主要工作,并对今后工作进行展望。
As the most novel distributed compute model, Web Service has the advantages: loose couple, technology-independent, platform-independent, it could integrate enterprise applications in an effective way. By introducing semantic into Web Service, a new technology—Semantic Web Service builds the basis for searching, compositing, executing and monitoring Web Service automatically.
Web Service execution and monitoring are close combinative technologies. As a key phase in Web Service composition, the automatic degree of Web Service execution decides whether it could implement automatic Web Service composition or not; By collecting execution data, Web Service monitoring computes Quality of Service (Qos) which is applied to Web Service selection, it make users select Web Service more effectively. Therefore, it is very important to research Web Service automatic execution and monitoring technology.
The objective of the paper is to research, design and implement a Semantic Web Service automatic execution platform, which functions are: supporting Web Service executing automatically, failure recovery dynamically; supporting Web Service monitoring and Qos computing which is applied to Web Service selection.
This paper is separated into eight chapters. The chapter one introduces the research background and main work accomplished during the paper writing process. In the chapter two and three, Web Service and Semantic Web Service technology, as well as Web Service execution engine and Qos technology are briefly discussed. The chapter four expatiate the theory of Web Service automatic execution and dynamic failure recovery. In the chapter five, Web Service monitoring technology and Qos computation arithmetic which applied to Web Service selection are analyzing. The chapter six introduces the design and implementation of Semantic Web Service automatic execution platform. In the chapter seven, based on the listed testing results, the capability and advantages of the platform are estimated. Finally, the gains and prospects I have been awarded of in the process of writing this paper are summarized.
Web服务的执行与监控在Web服务组合以及Web服务选择技术中起着至关重要的作用,一直是业界研究的重点。Web服务的执行是Web服务组合中关键的一个阶段,它的自动化程度直接决定了能否实现Web服务组合的自动化;Web服务监控是与Web服务执行紧密联系的,Web服务监控的目的就是通过执行数据计算Web服务的Qos参数,从而应用于Web服务选择,Web服务监控的方法与Qos计算算法的优劣影响了Web服务选择的有效性。因此,研究Web服务执行的自动化和Web服务监控具有重大意义。
本文的主要目的是研究、设计与实现一个语义Web服务的自动化执行平台,它具有如下功能:支持Web服务的自动化执行,动态的故障恢复;支持Web服务的监控以及应用于Web服务选择的Qos参数的计算。
论文共分八个章节:第一章,介绍本文工作的背景以及主要内容;第二章,概述Web服务和语义Web服务技术;第三章,简介主流的Web服务执行引擎和Web服务Qos技术;第四章,阐述Web服务自动化执行和动态监控的原理;第五章,分析Web服务的监控技术和应用于Web服务选择的Qos参数计算算法;第六章,介绍本文提出的Web服务自动化执行平台的设计与实现;第七章,通过实验和对实验数据的分析,说明Web服务自动化执行平台的功能与优点;第八章,总结论文的主要工作,并对今后工作进行展望。
As the most novel distributed compute model, Web Service has the advantages: loose couple, technology-independent, platform-independent, it could integrate enterprise applications in an effective way. By introducing semantic into Web Service, a new technology—Semantic Web Service builds the basis for searching, compositing, executing and monitoring Web Service automatically.
Web Service execution and monitoring are close combinative technologies. As a key phase in Web Service composition, the automatic degree of Web Service execution decides whether it could implement automatic Web Service composition or not; By collecting execution data, Web Service monitoring computes Quality of Service (Qos) which is applied to Web Service selection, it make users select Web Service more effectively. Therefore, it is very important to research Web Service automatic execution and monitoring technology.
The objective of the paper is to research, design and implement a Semantic Web Service automatic execution platform, which functions are: supporting Web Service executing automatically, failure recovery dynamically; supporting Web Service monitoring and Qos computing which is applied to Web Service selection.
This paper is separated into eight chapters. The chapter one introduces the research background and main work accomplished during the paper writing process. In the chapter two and three, Web Service and Semantic Web Service technology, as well as Web Service execution engine and Qos technology are briefly discussed. The chapter four expatiate the theory of Web Service automatic execution and dynamic failure recovery. In the chapter five, Web Service monitoring technology and Qos computation arithmetic which applied to Web Service selection are analyzing. The chapter six introduces the design and implementation of Semantic Web Service automatic execution platform. In the chapter seven, based on the listed testing results, the capability and advantages of the platform are estimated. Finally, the gains and prospects I have been awarded of in the process of writing this paper are summarized.
引文
[1]Min Luo,Mark Endrei,等,IBM红皮书《Patterns:Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services》,http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn,2004年
[2]SOA and Web Service新手入门,http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn,2006年
[3]D.B.Leake,A.Kinley,and D.Wilson.Learning to Improve Case Adaptation by Introspective Reasoning and Case-Base Reasoning.Proceedings of the First International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning,pp.229-240,Sesimbra,Portugal,1995.
[4]Heather Kreger,Web Services Conceptual Architecture,http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn,2001
[5]SOAP Version1.2.http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part0/
[6]Web Services Description Language(WSDL)Version 2.0,http://www.w3.org /2002/ws/desc/wsdl20-primer/
[7]UDDI Consortium.UDDI:Universal Description,Discovery and Integration.http://www.uddi.org/
[8]Using WSDL in a UDDI Registry Version 1.07.http://www.uddi.org /pubs/wsdlbestpractices-V1.07-Open-20020521.pdf
[9]Berners-Lee,T.and M.Fischetti,Weaving the web:The orginal design and ultimate destiny of the World Wide Web by its inventor,Harper,San Francisco.
[10]Bray,T.,J.Paoli,and C.Sperberg-McQueen,Extensible Markup Language,W3C,1998.
[11]IETF,RFC 2396,Uniform Resource Identifiers(URI),1998.
[12]Manola,F.and E.Miller,RDF Primer,W3C Working Draft,2002.
[13]Lassila,O.and R.R.Weick,Resource Description Framework(RDF)Model and Syntax Specification,W3C Recommendation,1999.
[14]Gruber,T.R.,A translation approach to portable ontology specification,1992.
[15]Horrocks,I.,et al.,SWRL:A Semantic Web Rule Language Combining OWL and RuleML,2004.
[16]Ankolekar,A.,et al.,DAML-S:Web Service Description for the Semantic Web,In Proc.1st Int'l Semantic Web Conf(ISWC),Sardinia,Italy,Springer,2002.
[17]Abhijit Patti,Swapna Oundhakar,et al.METEOR-S Web service Annotation Framework,http://Isdis.cs.uga.edu/Projects/METEOR-S/,2003
[18]John Miller,Kunal Verma,et al,WSDL-S:A Proposal to W3C WSDL 2.0Committee,http://ISDIS.CS.UAGA.EDU/Projects/METEOR-S/,2004
[19]Malik Ghallab,e.a.,PDDL---The Planning Domain Definition Language,AIPS-98 Planning Committee,1998.
[20]Meseguer,J.,Conditional Rewriting Logic as a unified model of concurrency.Theoretical Computer Science,1992,96(1):p.73-155.
[21]Milner,R.,Communicating with mobile agents:the pi-Calculus,Cambridge,Cambridge University Press,1999.
[22]Schlenoff,C.,et al.,The Process Specification Language(PSL):Overview and Version 1.0 Specification,NISTIR 6459,National Institute of Standards and Technology:Gaithersburg,MD,2000.
[23]Narayanan,S.,Reasoning About Actions in Narrative Understanding,In Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence,1999:p.350 - 357.
[24]Martin,D.L.,A.J.Cheyer,and D.B.Moran,The Open Agent Architecture:A Framework for Building Distributed Software Systems,Applied Artificial Intelligence,1999,13(1/2):p.91-128.
[25]Finin,T.,Y.Labrou,and J.Mayfield,KQML as an Agent Communication Language,In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management(CIKM'94),1994.
[26]Martin,D.,et al.,Describing Web Services using OWL-S and WSDL,DAML-S Coalition working document,2003.
[27]IETF,RFC 2413 - Dublin Core Metadata for Resource Discovery,1998
[28]Eran Chinthaka,Web 服务与 Axis2 体系结构,http://Isdis.cs,uga.edu/Projects/METEOR-S,2007
[29]Axel Martens,Simon Moser,Achim Gerhardt,and Karoline Funk,Analyzing Compatibility of BPEL Process,Procedings of the Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications and International Conference on Internent and Web Applications and Services(AICT/ICIW 2006)
[30] S. Narayanan, S. McIlraith,Simulation, Verification and Automated Composition of Web Services, Eleventh International World Wide Web Conference (WWW2002)
[31] F. Curbera, R. Khalaf, et al. The Next Step in Web Services.Communications of The ACM, October 2003, 46(10):29-34
[32]Kaarthik Sivashanmugam, John A. Miller, et al, Framework for Semantic Web Process Composition, The University of Georgia Technical Report 03-008, 2003
[33] James Scicluna, Thomas Haselwanter, Axel Polleres, Reduced Rule Base, QoS Metrics, Running SWS-E and QoSBroker, European IST Project: FP6 511723 Technical Report, 2005
[34]Egon Bo|¨rger and Robert Sta|¨rk: "Abstract State Machines: A Method for High-Level System Design and Analysis", Springer-Verlag, 2003
[35] Liangzhao Zeng, Boualem Benatallah, et al, QoS-Aware Middleware for Web Services Composition , IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, VOL. 30, NO. 5, MAY 2004
[36]SHUPING RAN, A Model for Web Service Discovery With QoS, CSIRO Mathematical and Information Science, Australia, 2003
[37] Jorge Cardoso, Amit Sheth, et al, Quality of Service for Workflows and Web Service Processes, LSDIS Lab University of Georgia Technical Report, 2003
[38] E.Michael Maximilien, and Munindar P. Singh. Toward Autonomic Web Service Trust and Selection. In ICSOC'04, November 15-19, 2004
[39] Li Xiong, and Ling Liu. PeeTrust: Supporting Reputation-Based Trust for Peer-to-Peer Electronic Communities. IEEE Transaction on Knowledge and Data Engineering. Vol.16, No.7, July 2004
[40] Liangzhao Zeng, Boualem Benatallah, Marlon Dumas, et al. Quality Driven Web Service Composition. In Proceeding of international World Wide Web conference, 2003
[41] Zhen Li, Sen Su, and Fangchun Yang. WSrep: A Novel Reputation Model for Web Services Selection. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2007
[2]SOA and Web Service新手入门,http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn,2006年
[3]D.B.Leake,A.Kinley,and D.Wilson.Learning to Improve Case Adaptation by Introspective Reasoning and Case-Base Reasoning.Proceedings of the First International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning,pp.229-240,Sesimbra,Portugal,1995.
[4]Heather Kreger,Web Services Conceptual Architecture,http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn,2001
[5]SOAP Version1.2.http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part0/
[6]Web Services Description Language(WSDL)Version 2.0,http://www.w3.org /2002/ws/desc/wsdl20-primer/
[7]UDDI Consortium.UDDI:Universal Description,Discovery and Integration.http://www.uddi.org/
[8]Using WSDL in a UDDI Registry Version 1.07.http://www.uddi.org /pubs/wsdlbestpractices-V1.07-Open-20020521.pdf
[9]Berners-Lee,T.and M.Fischetti,Weaving the web:The orginal design and ultimate destiny of the World Wide Web by its inventor,Harper,San Francisco.
[10]Bray,T.,J.Paoli,and C.Sperberg-McQueen,Extensible Markup Language,W3C,1998.
[11]IETF,RFC 2396,Uniform Resource Identifiers(URI),1998.
[12]Manola,F.and E.Miller,RDF Primer,W3C Working Draft,2002.
[13]Lassila,O.and R.R.Weick,Resource Description Framework(RDF)Model and Syntax Specification,W3C Recommendation,1999.
[14]Gruber,T.R.,A translation approach to portable ontology specification,1992.
[15]Horrocks,I.,et al.,SWRL:A Semantic Web Rule Language Combining OWL and RuleML,2004.
[16]Ankolekar,A.,et al.,DAML-S:Web Service Description for the Semantic Web,In Proc.1st Int'l Semantic Web Conf(ISWC),Sardinia,Italy,Springer,2002.
[17]Abhijit Patti,Swapna Oundhakar,et al.METEOR-S Web service Annotation Framework,http://Isdis.cs.uga.edu/Projects/METEOR-S/,2003
[18]John Miller,Kunal Verma,et al,WSDL-S:A Proposal to W3C WSDL 2.0Committee,http://ISDIS.CS.UAGA.EDU/Projects/METEOR-S/,2004
[19]Malik Ghallab,e.a.,PDDL---The Planning Domain Definition Language,AIPS-98 Planning Committee,1998.
[20]Meseguer,J.,Conditional Rewriting Logic as a unified model of concurrency.Theoretical Computer Science,1992,96(1):p.73-155.
[21]Milner,R.,Communicating with mobile agents:the pi-Calculus,Cambridge,Cambridge University Press,1999.
[22]Schlenoff,C.,et al.,The Process Specification Language(PSL):Overview and Version 1.0 Specification,NISTIR 6459,National Institute of Standards and Technology:Gaithersburg,MD,2000.
[23]Narayanan,S.,Reasoning About Actions in Narrative Understanding,In Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence,1999:p.350 - 357.
[24]Martin,D.L.,A.J.Cheyer,and D.B.Moran,The Open Agent Architecture:A Framework for Building Distributed Software Systems,Applied Artificial Intelligence,1999,13(1/2):p.91-128.
[25]Finin,T.,Y.Labrou,and J.Mayfield,KQML as an Agent Communication Language,In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management(CIKM'94),1994.
[26]Martin,D.,et al.,Describing Web Services using OWL-S and WSDL,DAML-S Coalition working document,2003.
[27]IETF,RFC 2413 - Dublin Core Metadata for Resource Discovery,1998
[28]Eran Chinthaka,Web 服务与 Axis2 体系结构,http://Isdis.cs,uga.edu/Projects/METEOR-S,2007
[29]Axel Martens,Simon Moser,Achim Gerhardt,and Karoline Funk,Analyzing Compatibility of BPEL Process,Procedings of the Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications and International Conference on Internent and Web Applications and Services(AICT/ICIW 2006)
[30] S. Narayanan, S. McIlraith,Simulation, Verification and Automated Composition of Web Services, Eleventh International World Wide Web Conference (WWW2002)
[31] F. Curbera, R. Khalaf, et al. The Next Step in Web Services.Communications of The ACM, October 2003, 46(10):29-34
[32]Kaarthik Sivashanmugam, John A. Miller, et al, Framework for Semantic Web Process Composition, The University of Georgia Technical Report 03-008, 2003
[33] James Scicluna, Thomas Haselwanter, Axel Polleres, Reduced Rule Base, QoS Metrics, Running SWS-E and QoSBroker, European IST Project: FP6 511723 Technical Report, 2005
[34]Egon Bo|¨rger and Robert Sta|¨rk: "Abstract State Machines: A Method for High-Level System Design and Analysis", Springer-Verlag, 2003
[35] Liangzhao Zeng, Boualem Benatallah, et al, QoS-Aware Middleware for Web Services Composition , IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, VOL. 30, NO. 5, MAY 2004
[36]SHUPING RAN, A Model for Web Service Discovery With QoS, CSIRO Mathematical and Information Science, Australia, 2003
[37] Jorge Cardoso, Amit Sheth, et al, Quality of Service for Workflows and Web Service Processes, LSDIS Lab University of Georgia Technical Report, 2003
[38] E.Michael Maximilien, and Munindar P. Singh. Toward Autonomic Web Service Trust and Selection. In ICSOC'04, November 15-19, 2004
[39] Li Xiong, and Ling Liu. PeeTrust: Supporting Reputation-Based Trust for Peer-to-Peer Electronic Communities. IEEE Transaction on Knowledge and Data Engineering. Vol.16, No.7, July 2004
[40] Liangzhao Zeng, Boualem Benatallah, Marlon Dumas, et al. Quality Driven Web Service Composition. In Proceeding of international World Wide Web conference, 2003
[41] Zhen Li, Sen Su, and Fangchun Yang. WSrep: A Novel Reputation Model for Web Services Selection. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2007