双能量单层螺旋CT物品机的图像重建方法研究
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摘要
近年来,面向公共交通的恐怖活动、毒品走私等恶性事件在全球范围内不断发生,公共安全成为世界各国关注的焦点,安检需求逐年提升。CT型行李物品机是爆炸物和毒品的有效检测设备,而单层螺旋CT设备由于其快速的三维检查能力,紧凑的设备体积和相对较低的成本,得到了越来越多的关注,并具有良好的市场前景。本文针对这类产品所涉及的核心重建算法进行了系统的研究,主要研究内容为双能量单层螺旋CT重建算法,以及用双能DR图像对CT图像进行修正的方法。
本文研究了目前单层螺旋CT型物品机的检查流程和重建方式,分析了其中存在的z方向分辨率低和近似重建产生的层间螺旋伪影等问题,为解决这些问题,提出了新的应用于单层螺旋双能CT的重建算法。
1.针对单层螺旋CT提出了ART+3DTV重建算法。通过对ART+TV方法进行推广,利用CT数据在三维方向的连续性,在ART循环中引入3DTV最小化进行约束,使单层36°投影的有限角问题能够快速收敛,减少了每层重建所需的投影数据,使可重建层数增多到原来的5-10倍,并且大大减少了层间螺旋伪影。
2.针对实际物品机系统中双能CT+双能DR结合的扫描方式,提出了利用DR投影修正CT重建结果的方法。该方法利用ART重建过程使两套数据集在几何上相容,又利用康普顿-光电效应方法对双能投影数据进行分解,消除了不同的采集系统能谱相应不同的影响,使两套数据在物理意义上统一。DR对CT重建结果进行修正后,重建精度明显提高。
此外,由于该算法计算量巨大,需要通过算法并行化使重建速度接近实用。本文利用GPU实现了对新的重建算法进行了加速,最终重建256×256×256的行李数据材料信息的总时间为46秒,已能够适用于算法调试工作,并满足一定的检查通过率。
In recent years, public terrorism, drug smuggling and food safety affairs occurred frequently, which turns public security into an issue of worldwide concern and in turn, places a higher expectation to the security inspection. CT baggage scanning system is effective to detect the explosive and drug, and dual energy single-slice helical CT (SHCT) has been widely adopted. With its high scanning speed, compact design and low cost, single-slice helical CT will have a good market prospect. This paper will make a systematic study on the reconstruction algorithms of SHCT and focus on high pitch dual energy SHCT reconstruction algorithm and a correction method with dual energy DR image used on the CT image.
This paper studies the scanning procedure and reconstruction method of the present SHCT, analyzes the problems of low resolution of Z direction and the helical artifact between layers during approximate reconstruction. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a new reconstruction algorithm for single-slice dual energy CT.
1. This paper proposes the ART+3DTV reconstruction algorithm for single-slice helical CT. By studying the ART+TV algorithm used on limit-angle problem, this paper introduces 3DTV minimization limitation into the ART iteration, in order to solve the special limit-angle problem, in which each slice contains 36 degree projections. This method reduces the required data during reconstruction, accelerates the convergence of the iteration, increases the reconstruction slices to 5-10 times and reduces the artifact between slices.
2. This paper proposes CT image correction method with DR image based on dual energy CT and DR scanning. This method eliminates the different effect of different systems by making the two data system geometrically compatible and using Compton-Photoelectric effect to resolute the dual energy image data, so as to make the two data system physically unified. After DR correction, the CT reconstruction result realizes higher accuracy.
In addition, this algorithm needs huge calculation, so we need parallel algorithm to make it practical. And this paper uses GPU to accelerate the reconstruction procedure, and the acclerated algorithm can reconstruct the metarial information of a 256×256×256 baggage data in 46 seconds, which can completely meet the requirement of algorithm research and reach the demanded inspection throughput.
本文研究了目前单层螺旋CT型物品机的检查流程和重建方式,分析了其中存在的z方向分辨率低和近似重建产生的层间螺旋伪影等问题,为解决这些问题,提出了新的应用于单层螺旋双能CT的重建算法。
1.针对单层螺旋CT提出了ART+3DTV重建算法。通过对ART+TV方法进行推广,利用CT数据在三维方向的连续性,在ART循环中引入3DTV最小化进行约束,使单层36°投影的有限角问题能够快速收敛,减少了每层重建所需的投影数据,使可重建层数增多到原来的5-10倍,并且大大减少了层间螺旋伪影。
2.针对实际物品机系统中双能CT+双能DR结合的扫描方式,提出了利用DR投影修正CT重建结果的方法。该方法利用ART重建过程使两套数据集在几何上相容,又利用康普顿-光电效应方法对双能投影数据进行分解,消除了不同的采集系统能谱相应不同的影响,使两套数据在物理意义上统一。DR对CT重建结果进行修正后,重建精度明显提高。
此外,由于该算法计算量巨大,需要通过算法并行化使重建速度接近实用。本文利用GPU实现了对新的重建算法进行了加速,最终重建256×256×256的行李数据材料信息的总时间为46秒,已能够适用于算法调试工作,并满足一定的检查通过率。
In recent years, public terrorism, drug smuggling and food safety affairs occurred frequently, which turns public security into an issue of worldwide concern and in turn, places a higher expectation to the security inspection. CT baggage scanning system is effective to detect the explosive and drug, and dual energy single-slice helical CT (SHCT) has been widely adopted. With its high scanning speed, compact design and low cost, single-slice helical CT will have a good market prospect. This paper will make a systematic study on the reconstruction algorithms of SHCT and focus on high pitch dual energy SHCT reconstruction algorithm and a correction method with dual energy DR image used on the CT image.
This paper studies the scanning procedure and reconstruction method of the present SHCT, analyzes the problems of low resolution of Z direction and the helical artifact between layers during approximate reconstruction. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a new reconstruction algorithm for single-slice dual energy CT.
1. This paper proposes the ART+3DTV reconstruction algorithm for single-slice helical CT. By studying the ART+TV algorithm used on limit-angle problem, this paper introduces 3DTV minimization limitation into the ART iteration, in order to solve the special limit-angle problem, in which each slice contains 36 degree projections. This method reduces the required data during reconstruction, accelerates the convergence of the iteration, increases the reconstruction slices to 5-10 times and reduces the artifact between slices.
2. This paper proposes CT image correction method with DR image based on dual energy CT and DR scanning. This method eliminates the different effect of different systems by making the two data system geometrically compatible and using Compton-Photoelectric effect to resolute the dual energy image data, so as to make the two data system physically unified. After DR correction, the CT reconstruction result realizes higher accuracy.
In addition, this algorithm needs huge calculation, so we need parallel algorithm to make it practical. And this paper uses GPU to accelerate the reconstruction procedure, and the acclerated algorithm can reconstruct the metarial information of a 256×256×256 baggage data in 46 seconds, which can completely meet the requirement of algorithm research and reach the demanded inspection throughput.
引文
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