基于FPGA的高解析喷码机控制器设计与实现
摘要
随着可变条码、标识技术的迅速发展和广泛应用。诸如物流中的货物跟踪、产品防伪防串货每一产品或包装上唯一条码标识技术,已经得到广泛的应用。传统的条码都采用预印制方式,而预印制方式已不能满足在每个产品或包装上生成不同的条码。在原喷码机的基础上,研发新一代具有喷印可变条码功能的喷码机,成为一种发展趋势。
论文分析了国内外喷码机的发展现状及其发展趋势,对不同工作方式的当前主流喷码机作了简单介绍,重点介绍了连续式和按需式两种不同工作方式的墨水喷码机,并对其进行性能的优越性对比。选用赛尔(Xaar)公司的两款按需式喷头作为本设计喷码机的喷印头,采用FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)芯片通过PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect)总线方式,设计并实现驱动两款不同喷头的高解析喷码机。充分利用工业PC(Personal Computer)机的处理能力,在拥有传统喷码机的功能基础上,能适应流水线作业需求,喷印各种随机和连续变化的条形码。
论文完成了基于PCI总线通信,采用FPGA芯片实现高解析喷码机控制器的软硬件实现,PCI总线接口以读写PCI总线内部存储器、I/O空间方式,来实现PC(Personal Computer)与喷码机控制器之间的数据读写、状态交换以及喷印控制。利用FPGA内部RAM作为喷头和PCI总线之间数据缓存区,实现PC与喷头之间的数据通信,每次读写以喷头喷印一列的数据量作为数据缓冲区大小,先写然后读取喷印,将喷印图像信息逐列写入并喷出,实现二进制二位图形的喷印。文中对喷头驱动以及PC与喷头之间喷印数据交换的读写过程,给出了相应的软件设计流程以及状态转换图。最后给出了用户利用本控制器所喷印的部分样品。
With the rapid development and wide application of the changeable barcode and the marking technology, for example, the technology of tracking and guarding against illicit transfer of products in the process of transporting and the technology of marking sole barcode in every product or every packet, have been applied widely. The conditional barcode adopted the way of printing in advance, But when we need print different barcode in each product or packet, the way of printing in advance can’t bring it into effect. Investigating a new generation ink jet printer with the function of printing changeable barcode,as be based on the conditional one, has been a evolving tendency.
The thesis analyses the developing actuality and evolving tendengcy of ink jet printer in home and aboard, simply introduces main ink jet printer nowadays with different working ways, and puts an emphasis on the two different working ways of ink jet printer, one is continual working way and the other is dropping on demand; and compares their function’s advantages. This design chooses two kinds of print-heads produced in Xaar Company which work in dropping on demand manner,gets FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) chip through PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect) Bus, designs and drives two kinds of print-heads of the high resolution ink jet printer. This design makes full use of tackling ability of industry PC(Personal Computer), not only has the conditional functions ,but also can meet the demand of assembly line and prints all kinds of random or continuously changeable barcodes.
Then the thesis completed the implementation of software and hardware of the high resolution ink jet printer, which is based on the PCI Bus correspondence and adopts FPGA chip. The data’s reading and writing, state changing and printing control between PC (Personal Computer) and controller, adopting the way of the PCI Bus interface reading and writing PCI Bus inner memory and I/O spare. This design chooses FPGE inner RAM as Data Buffer between print-heads and PCI bus, so it can bring the data correspondence into effect between PC and print-heads. Data Buffer chooses every row data size which is printed by the pint-heads as the size of the Data Buffer every reading and writing, first writs and then reads and pints, reads the information of printing images line by line and then prints to implemented the printing of bitmap. About the process of driving print-heads and the printing data’s changing between PC and print-heads, the thesis has given the design ways and procedures of each module relevant ware and the map of state changing. At last the thesis gives some of the samples that users have printed with this controller.
论文分析了国内外喷码机的发展现状及其发展趋势,对不同工作方式的当前主流喷码机作了简单介绍,重点介绍了连续式和按需式两种不同工作方式的墨水喷码机,并对其进行性能的优越性对比。选用赛尔(Xaar)公司的两款按需式喷头作为本设计喷码机的喷印头,采用FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)芯片通过PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect)总线方式,设计并实现驱动两款不同喷头的高解析喷码机。充分利用工业PC(Personal Computer)机的处理能力,在拥有传统喷码机的功能基础上,能适应流水线作业需求,喷印各种随机和连续变化的条形码。
论文完成了基于PCI总线通信,采用FPGA芯片实现高解析喷码机控制器的软硬件实现,PCI总线接口以读写PCI总线内部存储器、I/O空间方式,来实现PC(Personal Computer)与喷码机控制器之间的数据读写、状态交换以及喷印控制。利用FPGA内部RAM作为喷头和PCI总线之间数据缓存区,实现PC与喷头之间的数据通信,每次读写以喷头喷印一列的数据量作为数据缓冲区大小,先写然后读取喷印,将喷印图像信息逐列写入并喷出,实现二进制二位图形的喷印。文中对喷头驱动以及PC与喷头之间喷印数据交换的读写过程,给出了相应的软件设计流程以及状态转换图。最后给出了用户利用本控制器所喷印的部分样品。
With the rapid development and wide application of the changeable barcode and the marking technology, for example, the technology of tracking and guarding against illicit transfer of products in the process of transporting and the technology of marking sole barcode in every product or every packet, have been applied widely. The conditional barcode adopted the way of printing in advance, But when we need print different barcode in each product or packet, the way of printing in advance can’t bring it into effect. Investigating a new generation ink jet printer with the function of printing changeable barcode,as be based on the conditional one, has been a evolving tendency.
The thesis analyses the developing actuality and evolving tendengcy of ink jet printer in home and aboard, simply introduces main ink jet printer nowadays with different working ways, and puts an emphasis on the two different working ways of ink jet printer, one is continual working way and the other is dropping on demand; and compares their function’s advantages. This design chooses two kinds of print-heads produced in Xaar Company which work in dropping on demand manner,gets FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) chip through PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect) Bus, designs and drives two kinds of print-heads of the high resolution ink jet printer. This design makes full use of tackling ability of industry PC(Personal Computer), not only has the conditional functions ,but also can meet the demand of assembly line and prints all kinds of random or continuously changeable barcodes.
Then the thesis completed the implementation of software and hardware of the high resolution ink jet printer, which is based on the PCI Bus correspondence and adopts FPGA chip. The data’s reading and writing, state changing and printing control between PC (Personal Computer) and controller, adopting the way of the PCI Bus interface reading and writing PCI Bus inner memory and I/O spare. This design chooses FPGE inner RAM as Data Buffer between print-heads and PCI bus, so it can bring the data correspondence into effect between PC and print-heads. Data Buffer chooses every row data size which is printed by the pint-heads as the size of the Data Buffer every reading and writing, first writs and then reads and pints, reads the information of printing images line by line and then prints to implemented the printing of bitmap. About the process of driving print-heads and the printing data’s changing between PC and print-heads, the thesis has given the design ways and procedures of each module relevant ware and the map of state changing. At last the thesis gives some of the samples that users have printed with this controller.
引文
[1] 菲尔·依威斯.喷墨印刷技术的发展.印刷工业,2007,(3):12
[2] 张德云.喷码技术的应用研究.数码印刷,2003,(12):69-70
[3] 刘凡馨.喷码技术在塑胶制品上的应用.广东塑料,2004,(9):27-28
[4] 夏勇,张宜生,梁书云 etc.应用于数码防伪包装标识设备的通信协议研究.包装工程,2005,(3):65-67
[5] 成卫,纪纲.给予编码技术的产品包装防伪系统.包装工程,2003,(2):39-41
[6] 段军义.喷码机的应用与发展.农产品加工,2006,(1):46-47
[7] 李立.喷码技术应用浅析.广告大观(标识版),2007,(3):96-98
[8] 李小虎,王宝生.浅谈喷码机的使用和维护.包装与食品机械,2006,24(5):50-52
[9] 北京光明公关咨询中心.英国 Xaar 数字喷印技术为包装印刷带来新机遇.中国包装工业,2003,(7):62-63
[10] 佚名.国内喷码机发展现状.中国包装工程,2003,(5):13-13
[11] 佚名. 国务院常务会议审议并原则通过《国务院关于加强食品等产品安全监督管理的特别规定(草案)》.中国食品学报,2007,7(4):125-126
[12] 姚晶,王尚伟.数字化喷码技术的应用与发展.丝网印刷,2007,(2):40-42
[13] 张玉先,杨玉兰.日期喷码与防伪包装.包装世界,2001,(4):87-88
[14] 汪银海,陈思德. 烟用信息网络防伪系统的构建及应用. 中国防伪报道,2004,(2):40-41
[15] 付冰.喷墨打印技术的进展和发展趋势.信息记录材料,2002,(4):36-42
[16] 佚名. 英国 Xaar 公司打印头介绍.广告大观,2003,(3):16-16
[17] 周师亮.嵌入式喷印系统的设计与实现.[湖南大学硕士学位论文].长沙:湖南大学,2005,44
[18] 罗志辉. 喷码机的设备管理与技术改造. 广州食品工业科技,2002,18(2):53-55
[19] Xaar High Performance Ink Jet Printhead XJ128/200 XJ128/200P Xj128/360 Guide To operation.Xaar Docment No. D030910302 Version A. Sept 2003
[20] 王玉花,郭书军,葛纫秋.FPGA 器件的在线配置方法.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,(3):8-10
[21] Altera Corporation.Altera Configuration Handbook,Volume 2.April 2007:6-9
[22] Altera Corporation.FLEX 10k Embeded Programmable Logic Family Datasheet, Version.4.01.June 1999
[23] 胡远望.基于单片机 P89C61X2 的 FPGA 配置.单片机与嵌入式系统应用, 2007,(8):72-74
[24] 任广辉,吴芝路.胡高军 etc.Altera CPLD 器件的配置与下载.今日电子,2001, (1):18-19
[25] SST Incorporated.FLASHFLEX51 SST89E/V564/554RD/RC,SST Corporation. 2002:1-2
[26] Texas Instruments Incorporated.SN74hc244 Octal Buffers And Line Drive With 3 State Output,May 1997
[27] 夏为明.旋转编码器.自动化仪表,1989,10(3):6-8
[28] 徐建,戴紫彬. PCI9656 型 64 位 PCI 总线接口电路及其应用,国外电子元器件,2005,(8):54-56
[29] 王经卓.基于 PCI 总线的数据采集接口.微计算机信息,2006,(10):165-167
[30] 林晓飞,刘彬,张辉. 基于 ARM 嵌入式 Linux 应用开发与实例教程.北京:清华大学出版社,2007 年:22-25
[31] 谭博钊,徐元军,单 涛 etc. PCI 总线接口技术及其在高速数据采集系统中的应用.电子技术应用,2002,(1):21-23
[32] 吴常玉,程凯. 采用 PCI9052 设计 PCI 总线运动控制卡.今日电子,2005,(7):92-94
[33] Nelson, Rick. Meeting PCIe 2.0 physical- and protocol-layer test challenges. Test & Measurement World,2007,27(10):19-19
[34] PCI Local BusSpecification.pdf(Revision2.2),PCI Special Interest Group. December 1998
[35] Mellanox Technologies Inc. Understanding PCI Bus, PCI-Express and In finiBand Architecture Revision1.20. Mellanox Technologies Inc,2006
[36] 曹明,陈文正. PCI 总线协议的 FPGA 实现及驱动设计.电子技术应用,2003,(7):15-17
[37] 徐杰,苏凯雄. 基于 PCI 总线的实时 DVB 码流接收系统的硬件设计.电子设计应用,2005,(1):72-75
[38] 张洋,钟洪声. 基于 FPGA 的 PCI 接口简化设计. 北京电子科技学院学报,2006,14(2):67-69
[39] XJ128-High Performance Ink Jet Printhead Guid To Operation,Xaar Con- Fidential.Xaar Document No:D031010302 Version A.October 2003
[40] XJ500-High Performance Ink Jet Printhead Guid To Operation,Xaar Con Fidential.Xaar Document No:D0406153302 Version A.June 2004
[41] 李廷军.利用 FPGA 实现 PCI 接口技术研究.机械与电子,2006,(11):50-52
[42] 周银祥. 基于 U 盘和单片机的 FPGA 配置.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006,(6):15-17
[43]李广彪.基于单片机的 FPGA 并行配置方法.电子技术应用,2005,(1):72-74
[44] 温淑鸿,崔慧娟. Altera FPGA 在微处理器系统中的在应用配置.电子技术应用,2005,(1):67-68
[2] 张德云.喷码技术的应用研究.数码印刷,2003,(12):69-70
[3] 刘凡馨.喷码技术在塑胶制品上的应用.广东塑料,2004,(9):27-28
[4] 夏勇,张宜生,梁书云 etc.应用于数码防伪包装标识设备的通信协议研究.包装工程,2005,(3):65-67
[5] 成卫,纪纲.给予编码技术的产品包装防伪系统.包装工程,2003,(2):39-41
[6] 段军义.喷码机的应用与发展.农产品加工,2006,(1):46-47
[7] 李立.喷码技术应用浅析.广告大观(标识版),2007,(3):96-98
[8] 李小虎,王宝生.浅谈喷码机的使用和维护.包装与食品机械,2006,24(5):50-52
[9] 北京光明公关咨询中心.英国 Xaar 数字喷印技术为包装印刷带来新机遇.中国包装工业,2003,(7):62-63
[10] 佚名.国内喷码机发展现状.中国包装工程,2003,(5):13-13
[11] 佚名. 国务院常务会议审议并原则通过《国务院关于加强食品等产品安全监督管理的特别规定(草案)》.中国食品学报,2007,7(4):125-126
[12] 姚晶,王尚伟.数字化喷码技术的应用与发展.丝网印刷,2007,(2):40-42
[13] 张玉先,杨玉兰.日期喷码与防伪包装.包装世界,2001,(4):87-88
[14] 汪银海,陈思德. 烟用信息网络防伪系统的构建及应用. 中国防伪报道,2004,(2):40-41
[15] 付冰.喷墨打印技术的进展和发展趋势.信息记录材料,2002,(4):36-42
[16] 佚名. 英国 Xaar 公司打印头介绍.广告大观,2003,(3):16-16
[17] 周师亮.嵌入式喷印系统的设计与实现.[湖南大学硕士学位论文].长沙:湖南大学,2005,44
[18] 罗志辉. 喷码机的设备管理与技术改造. 广州食品工业科技,2002,18(2):53-55
[19] Xaar High Performance Ink Jet Printhead XJ128/200 XJ128/200P Xj128/360 Guide To operation.Xaar Docment No. D030910302 Version A. Sept 2003
[20] 王玉花,郭书军,葛纫秋.FPGA 器件的在线配置方法.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,(3):8-10
[21] Altera Corporation.Altera Configuration Handbook,Volume 2.April 2007:6-9
[22] Altera Corporation.FLEX 10k Embeded Programmable Logic Family Datasheet, Version.4.01.June 1999
[23] 胡远望.基于单片机 P89C61X2 的 FPGA 配置.单片机与嵌入式系统应用, 2007,(8):72-74
[24] 任广辉,吴芝路.胡高军 etc.Altera CPLD 器件的配置与下载.今日电子,2001, (1):18-19
[25] SST Incorporated.FLASHFLEX51 SST89E/V564/554RD/RC,SST Corporation. 2002:1-2
[26] Texas Instruments Incorporated.SN74hc244 Octal Buffers And Line Drive With 3 State Output,May 1997
[27] 夏为明.旋转编码器.自动化仪表,1989,10(3):6-8
[28] 徐建,戴紫彬. PCI9656 型 64 位 PCI 总线接口电路及其应用,国外电子元器件,2005,(8):54-56
[29] 王经卓.基于 PCI 总线的数据采集接口.微计算机信息,2006,(10):165-167
[30] 林晓飞,刘彬,张辉. 基于 ARM 嵌入式 Linux 应用开发与实例教程.北京:清华大学出版社,2007 年:22-25
[31] 谭博钊,徐元军,单 涛 etc. PCI 总线接口技术及其在高速数据采集系统中的应用.电子技术应用,2002,(1):21-23
[32] 吴常玉,程凯. 采用 PCI9052 设计 PCI 总线运动控制卡.今日电子,2005,(7):92-94
[33] Nelson, Rick. Meeting PCIe 2.0 physical- and protocol-layer test challenges. Test & Measurement World,2007,27(10):19-19
[34] PCI Local BusSpecification.pdf(Revision2.2),PCI Special Interest Group. December 1998
[35] Mellanox Technologies Inc. Understanding PCI Bus, PCI-Express and In finiBand Architecture Revision1.20. Mellanox Technologies Inc,2006
[36] 曹明,陈文正. PCI 总线协议的 FPGA 实现及驱动设计.电子技术应用,2003,(7):15-17
[37] 徐杰,苏凯雄. 基于 PCI 总线的实时 DVB 码流接收系统的硬件设计.电子设计应用,2005,(1):72-75
[38] 张洋,钟洪声. 基于 FPGA 的 PCI 接口简化设计. 北京电子科技学院学报,2006,14(2):67-69
[39] XJ128-High Performance Ink Jet Printhead Guid To Operation,Xaar Con- Fidential.Xaar Document No:D031010302 Version A.October 2003
[40] XJ500-High Performance Ink Jet Printhead Guid To Operation,Xaar Con Fidential.Xaar Document No:D0406153302 Version A.June 2004
[41] 李廷军.利用 FPGA 实现 PCI 接口技术研究.机械与电子,2006,(11):50-52
[42] 周银祥. 基于 U 盘和单片机的 FPGA 配置.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006,(6):15-17
[43]李广彪.基于单片机的 FPGA 并行配置方法.电子技术应用,2005,(1):72-74
[44] 温淑鸿,崔慧娟. Altera FPGA 在微处理器系统中的在应用配置.电子技术应用,2005,(1):67-68