面向对象的配置产品变型设计方法研究与实现
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摘要
大批量定制生产模式下,用户个性化需求和市场的快速变化对产品设计提出了新要求。如何快速响应客户需求和市场变化,成为每个企业关心和研究的课题。对此,本文提出了基于产品配置的变型设计方法。在参数化设计技术、产品配置设计技术和面向对象的产品设计技术的支撑下,以产品族表为媒介,详细阐述了支持变型设计的产品配置设计技术的原理、过程和方法。在产品配置基础上,研究了产品结构方案变型设计和产品详细变型设计的原理和方法,研究了Web方式下的产品变型设计的原理和方法。最后结合企业需要,开发了一套变型设计原型系统。
首先,结合产品变型设计的要求,研究分析了面向对象的配置产品变型设计的若干关键技术,包括零部件参数化设计技术、产品配置设计技术和面向对象的产品设计技术,为产品配置设计和产品变型设计的理论研究和实践应用奠定了基础。
其次,提出了产品配置设计的框架结构,详细说明了基于产品族表的产品配置设计规则,分析了产品配置成员之间的接口关系,给出了产品配置设计的基本流程。
再次,在产品配置设计基础上,研究了产品结构方案变型设计、详细变型设计和Web环境下的变型设计技术。采用模块化分层结构和模块编码技术实现了产品的结构方案变型设计。通过事物特性表与产品配置参数的递阶关联,并在参数化技术基础上,实现了产品详细变型设计中的参数传递和参数驱动。阐述了Web方式下产品变型设计的体系结构、基本原理和方法,通过eDrawings浏览器实现了客户端模型的三维可视化。
最后,结合应用需要,在SolidWorks平台上开发了一套变型设计原型系统,并以齿轮类产品为例,介绍了系统的工作过程,论证了本文研究工作的可行性。
Under the production mode of Mass Customization, new demands of product design have been required due to customers'individual needs and rapid changes in the market. How to respond to customer needs and market changes are the main tasks which are concerned and studied in every enterprise. As regards, this thesis promotes a variant design method based on product configuration. Under the support of parametric design method, product configuration design technique, and object-oriented product design technology, the principles, processes and methods of product configuration design technique supporting the variant design are expounded, product family table as an intermedium. The principles and methods of product structure variant design and product variant design in detail are researched based on the product configuration, and also the principles and methods of web-based product variant design are studied. At last, a prototype system of product variant design is developed, considering the needs of enterprises.
First, with the combination of product variant design requirements, a number of key technologies of object-oriented configuration product variant design method are researched and analyzed, including product parametric design technology, product configuration design technique and object-oriented product design method, which establishes the foundations of theoretical research and practical application for product configuration design and product variant design.
Furthermore, the framework of product configuration design is promoted, the rules of product configuration design are expounded based on the product family table, the interfaces between product configuration members are analyzed, and the basic flow of product configuration design is given.
Moreover, based on the product configuration design, the product structure variant design, variant design in detail and web-based variant design technique are all researched. The product structure variant design is achieved through modular hierarchical structure and module coding technology. The passing and driving of parameters in product variant design in detail are realized with the hierarchical association of tabular layouts of article characteristics and product configuration parameters based on the parametric design technology. The structure, basic principles and methods of web-based product variant design are expounded, and the three-dimensional visualization of client-side models is enabled through the eDrawings browser.
Finally, with the combination of application needs, a variant design prototype system is developed on the SolidWorks platform, and an application example of gear product is given to illustrate the working process and verify the feasibility of the research work.
首先,结合产品变型设计的要求,研究分析了面向对象的配置产品变型设计的若干关键技术,包括零部件参数化设计技术、产品配置设计技术和面向对象的产品设计技术,为产品配置设计和产品变型设计的理论研究和实践应用奠定了基础。
其次,提出了产品配置设计的框架结构,详细说明了基于产品族表的产品配置设计规则,分析了产品配置成员之间的接口关系,给出了产品配置设计的基本流程。
再次,在产品配置设计基础上,研究了产品结构方案变型设计、详细变型设计和Web环境下的变型设计技术。采用模块化分层结构和模块编码技术实现了产品的结构方案变型设计。通过事物特性表与产品配置参数的递阶关联,并在参数化技术基础上,实现了产品详细变型设计中的参数传递和参数驱动。阐述了Web方式下产品变型设计的体系结构、基本原理和方法,通过eDrawings浏览器实现了客户端模型的三维可视化。
最后,结合应用需要,在SolidWorks平台上开发了一套变型设计原型系统,并以齿轮类产品为例,介绍了系统的工作过程,论证了本文研究工作的可行性。
Under the production mode of Mass Customization, new demands of product design have been required due to customers'individual needs and rapid changes in the market. How to respond to customer needs and market changes are the main tasks which are concerned and studied in every enterprise. As regards, this thesis promotes a variant design method based on product configuration. Under the support of parametric design method, product configuration design technique, and object-oriented product design technology, the principles, processes and methods of product configuration design technique supporting the variant design are expounded, product family table as an intermedium. The principles and methods of product structure variant design and product variant design in detail are researched based on the product configuration, and also the principles and methods of web-based product variant design are studied. At last, a prototype system of product variant design is developed, considering the needs of enterprises.
First, with the combination of product variant design requirements, a number of key technologies of object-oriented configuration product variant design method are researched and analyzed, including product parametric design technology, product configuration design technique and object-oriented product design method, which establishes the foundations of theoretical research and practical application for product configuration design and product variant design.
Furthermore, the framework of product configuration design is promoted, the rules of product configuration design are expounded based on the product family table, the interfaces between product configuration members are analyzed, and the basic flow of product configuration design is given.
Moreover, based on the product configuration design, the product structure variant design, variant design in detail and web-based variant design technique are all researched. The product structure variant design is achieved through modular hierarchical structure and module coding technology. The passing and driving of parameters in product variant design in detail are realized with the hierarchical association of tabular layouts of article characteristics and product configuration parameters based on the parametric design technology. The structure, basic principles and methods of web-based product variant design are expounded, and the three-dimensional visualization of client-side models is enabled through the eDrawings browser.
Finally, with the combination of application needs, a variant design prototype system is developed on the SolidWorks platform, and an application example of gear product is given to illustrate the working process and verify the feasibility of the research work.
引文
[1]Stan Davis, Future Perfect [M]. Addison Wesley Longman Publishing Co.,1987.
[2]Lau, Ronald S.M. Mass customization:The next industrial revolution [J]. Industrial Management,1995.10,37 (5):18-19.
[3]祁国宁,顾新建,谭建荣,等.大批量定制技术及其应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2003.10，40-106.
[4]Alexander Felfernig, Gerhard Friedrich, Dietmar Jannach. Conceptual modeling for configuration of mass-customizable products [J]. Artificial Intelligence in Engineering,2001, 15(2):165-176.
[5]Timothy W. Simpson. Product platform And Product Family Design:Methods and Applications [M]. New York:Springer,2006.
[6]齐从谦,贾伟新.支持变型设计的装配模型建模方法研究[J].机械工程学报,2004.1,40(1)：38-39.
[7]张雷,刘光复,刘志峰,等.面向绿色设计的产品优化配置方法[J].农业机械学报,2008.9，39(9)：122-128.
[8]张芬,陈卓宁,严晓光,等.基于事物特性表的产品配置模型[J].中国机械工程,2008.3,19(6)：683-687.
[9]万立,何正,刘清华,等.基于事物特性表的参数化产品配置[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2006.10,18(10)：1564-1569.
[10]Qiu Lemiao, Zhang Shuyou, Xu Chunwei. Technology of recursive product configuration design [J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2008.6,14(6):1049--1056.
[11]Liu Xiaobing, Yuan Changfeng, Xing Yingjie. Modeling of product configuration based on class & feature [J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2005.8, 11(8):1057-1063.
[12]车帅,吕利勇,李云山.一种基于Web的产品配置方法[J].航空制造技术,2005.12,67-70.
[13]邵伟平,郝永平,刘永贤,等.基于产品族可变型结构的配置管理研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2006.6,12(6)：876-881.
[14]王世伟,谭建荣,张树有,等.大规模定制下产品配置设计过程管理研究[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2005.1,17(1)：155-160.
[15]钟伟,刘晓强.基于Web的产品可视化定制系统[J].计算机工程,2008.10，34(19)：277-280.
[16]Qian Xiaoming, Wang Ningsheng, Chen Weifang. Research on Product Structure Model Based on Rapid Product Design [J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2003.1, 9(1):11-14.
[17]徐曙斌,王仲奇,耿其亚,等.支持变型设计的产品结构模型研究.航空制造技术,2009.7，76-80.
[18]Jiang Weiguang, Wu Jianwei, Pan Shuangxia. Configurable product structure model for variant design [J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2008.5,14(5):849-854.
[19]Zhang Zhiqiang, Wu Qingming, Li Yong. Research on Technology of Variant Design for Main Frame of Tunnel Boring Machine Based on KBE[C]. First International Conference on Intelligent Networks and Intelligent Systems,2008.11,429-432.
[20]吴庆鸣,宗驰,张强.复杂产品变型设计及其参数传递方法研究[J].中国机械工程,2008.12，19(24)：2955-2960.
[21]肖新华,史明华,杨小凤.基于模块化产品实例的变型设计技术研究[J].中国机械工程,2007.4,18(7)：803-807.
[22]康兰.基于参数化技术的自顶向下装配建模研究[J].机械设计与研究,2006.6，22(3)：75-77.
[23]齐从谦,贾伟新.支持变型设计的装配模型建模方法研究[J].机械工程学报,2004.1,40(1)：38-42.
[24]Xiuyan Zhao, Tingting Zhao, Xiaopeng Wei. An Implement Approach for Optimized Variant Design Based on Product Gene[C]. Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics,2008.7,12(15):909-914.
[25]吴伟伟,唐任仲,侯亮,等.基于参数化的机械产品尺寸变型设计研究与实现[J].中国机械工程,2005.2,16(3)：218-222.
[26]王峰,俞新陆.产品级三维参数化设计系统的研究与开发[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2001.11,13(11)：1012-1018.
[27]武守飞,潘晓弘,张勇,等.面向大批量定制的设计重用支撑平台研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2009.2,15(2)：258-264.
[28]方水良,杨维学,李金华.自下而上产品设计中的自适应装配建模[J].计算机集成制造系统,2008.11,14(11)：2150-2155.
[29]Lu Yujun, Yu Junhe, Qi Guoning. Product Variant Design Based on Tabular Layouts of Article Characteristics [J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2003.10,9(10): 840-844.
[30]Xinsheng Xu, Shuiliang Fang, Xinjian Gu. Research on Product Structure Model for Variant Design[C]. Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation,2006.6,6777-6781.
[31]刘夫云,祁国宁.配置产品尺寸参数传递方法及其应用[J].机械工程学报，2007.4,43(4)：144-151.
[32]刘夫云,邓小林.配置产品尺寸参数修改与变型设计方法研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2008.11,14(11)：2092-2097.
[33]刘夫云,祁国宁.配置模块关联系数计算方法及其应用研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2007.1,13(1)：18-23.
[34]戴春来.参数化设计理论的研究[D].南京：南京航空航天大学,2002.6,11-23.
[35]陈酪滔.零部件参数化设计方法研究与系统实现[D].南京：南京理工大学,2003.12,25-26.
[36]王宗彦,吴淑芳,秦慧斌,等.SolidWorks机械产品高级开发技术[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社,2005.10.
[37]端雪松.滚轧轮设计系统的研究与开发[D].武汉理工大学,2008.5，27-28.
[38]Brown D.C. Defining configuring [J]. Artificial Intelligent for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing (AIEDAM),1998,12(4):301-306.
[39]王世伟,谭建荣,张树有,等.基于GBOM的产品配置研究[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2004,16(5)：655-659.
[40]吴文根,王天虎,王三武,等.基于SolidWorks的部件参数化设计方法的研究[J].现代机械,2007.1,90-91.
[41]郭津津.面向机械产品族的变型设计技术及其研究应用[D].天津大学,2004.10,45-48.
[42]史忠植.智能主体及其应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2000.12.
[43]Wang Shuting, Wu Yizhong, Jiang Zhansi. Knowledge modeling and reasoning for dynamic variant design of multi-domain systems [J]. Jisuanji Fuzhu Sheji Yu Tuxingxue Xuebao,2010.1,22(1):85-93.
[44]郑甲红,郭文举,李健,等.基于CBR的机械系列产品模块化设计.机械设计与制造,2009.3,256-258.
[45]孙毅,单继宏,孙中炜,等.基于实例与规则集成的模架配置方法.中国机械工程,2009.2，19(4)：428-432.
[46]吴扬东,余军合,苏少辉,等.基于Web的变型设计系统[J].中国机械工程,2004.10,15(19)：1720-1721.
[47]朱新云.面向网络化制造的零部件参数化设计技术的研究与实现[D].江苏大学.,2006.12，29-34.
[2]Lau, Ronald S.M. Mass customization:The next industrial revolution [J]. Industrial Management,1995.10,37 (5):18-19.
[3]祁国宁,顾新建,谭建荣,等.大批量定制技术及其应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2003.10，40-106.
[4]Alexander Felfernig, Gerhard Friedrich, Dietmar Jannach. Conceptual modeling for configuration of mass-customizable products [J]. Artificial Intelligence in Engineering,2001, 15(2):165-176.
[5]Timothy W. Simpson. Product platform And Product Family Design:Methods and Applications [M]. New York:Springer,2006.
[6]齐从谦,贾伟新.支持变型设计的装配模型建模方法研究[J].机械工程学报,2004.1,40(1)：38-39.
[7]张雷,刘光复,刘志峰,等.面向绿色设计的产品优化配置方法[J].农业机械学报,2008.9，39(9)：122-128.
[8]张芬,陈卓宁,严晓光,等.基于事物特性表的产品配置模型[J].中国机械工程,2008.3,19(6)：683-687.
[9]万立,何正,刘清华,等.基于事物特性表的参数化产品配置[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2006.10,18(10)：1564-1569.
[10]Qiu Lemiao, Zhang Shuyou, Xu Chunwei. Technology of recursive product configuration design [J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2008.6,14(6):1049--1056.
[11]Liu Xiaobing, Yuan Changfeng, Xing Yingjie. Modeling of product configuration based on class & feature [J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2005.8, 11(8):1057-1063.
[12]车帅,吕利勇,李云山.一种基于Web的产品配置方法[J].航空制造技术,2005.12,67-70.
[13]邵伟平,郝永平,刘永贤,等.基于产品族可变型结构的配置管理研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2006.6,12(6)：876-881.
[14]王世伟,谭建荣,张树有,等.大规模定制下产品配置设计过程管理研究[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2005.1,17(1)：155-160.
[15]钟伟,刘晓强.基于Web的产品可视化定制系统[J].计算机工程,2008.10，34(19)：277-280.
[16]Qian Xiaoming, Wang Ningsheng, Chen Weifang. Research on Product Structure Model Based on Rapid Product Design [J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2003.1, 9(1):11-14.
[17]徐曙斌,王仲奇,耿其亚,等.支持变型设计的产品结构模型研究.航空制造技术,2009.7，76-80.
[18]Jiang Weiguang, Wu Jianwei, Pan Shuangxia. Configurable product structure model for variant design [J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2008.5,14(5):849-854.
[19]Zhang Zhiqiang, Wu Qingming, Li Yong. Research on Technology of Variant Design for Main Frame of Tunnel Boring Machine Based on KBE[C]. First International Conference on Intelligent Networks and Intelligent Systems,2008.11,429-432.
[20]吴庆鸣,宗驰,张强.复杂产品变型设计及其参数传递方法研究[J].中国机械工程,2008.12，19(24)：2955-2960.
[21]肖新华,史明华,杨小凤.基于模块化产品实例的变型设计技术研究[J].中国机械工程,2007.4,18(7)：803-807.
[22]康兰.基于参数化技术的自顶向下装配建模研究[J].机械设计与研究,2006.6，22(3)：75-77.
[23]齐从谦,贾伟新.支持变型设计的装配模型建模方法研究[J].机械工程学报,2004.1,40(1)：38-42.
[24]Xiuyan Zhao, Tingting Zhao, Xiaopeng Wei. An Implement Approach for Optimized Variant Design Based on Product Gene[C]. Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics,2008.7,12(15):909-914.
[25]吴伟伟,唐任仲,侯亮,等.基于参数化的机械产品尺寸变型设计研究与实现[J].中国机械工程,2005.2,16(3)：218-222.
[26]王峰,俞新陆.产品级三维参数化设计系统的研究与开发[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2001.11,13(11)：1012-1018.
[27]武守飞,潘晓弘,张勇,等.面向大批量定制的设计重用支撑平台研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2009.2,15(2)：258-264.
[28]方水良,杨维学,李金华.自下而上产品设计中的自适应装配建模[J].计算机集成制造系统,2008.11,14(11)：2150-2155.
[29]Lu Yujun, Yu Junhe, Qi Guoning. Product Variant Design Based on Tabular Layouts of Article Characteristics [J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2003.10,9(10): 840-844.
[30]Xinsheng Xu, Shuiliang Fang, Xinjian Gu. Research on Product Structure Model for Variant Design[C]. Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation,2006.6,6777-6781.
[31]刘夫云,祁国宁.配置产品尺寸参数传递方法及其应用[J].机械工程学报，2007.4,43(4)：144-151.
[32]刘夫云,邓小林.配置产品尺寸参数修改与变型设计方法研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2008.11,14(11)：2092-2097.
[33]刘夫云,祁国宁.配置模块关联系数计算方法及其应用研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2007.1,13(1)：18-23.
[34]戴春来.参数化设计理论的研究[D].南京：南京航空航天大学,2002.6,11-23.
[35]陈酪滔.零部件参数化设计方法研究与系统实现[D].南京：南京理工大学,2003.12,25-26.
[36]王宗彦,吴淑芳,秦慧斌,等.SolidWorks机械产品高级开发技术[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社,2005.10.
[37]端雪松.滚轧轮设计系统的研究与开发[D].武汉理工大学,2008.5，27-28.
[38]Brown D.C. Defining configuring [J]. Artificial Intelligent for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing (AIEDAM),1998,12(4):301-306.
[39]王世伟,谭建荣,张树有,等.基于GBOM的产品配置研究[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2004,16(5)：655-659.
[40]吴文根,王天虎,王三武,等.基于SolidWorks的部件参数化设计方法的研究[J].现代机械,2007.1,90-91.
[41]郭津津.面向机械产品族的变型设计技术及其研究应用[D].天津大学,2004.10,45-48.
[42]史忠植.智能主体及其应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2000.12.
[43]Wang Shuting, Wu Yizhong, Jiang Zhansi. Knowledge modeling and reasoning for dynamic variant design of multi-domain systems [J]. Jisuanji Fuzhu Sheji Yu Tuxingxue Xuebao,2010.1,22(1):85-93.
[44]郑甲红,郭文举,李健,等.基于CBR的机械系列产品模块化设计.机械设计与制造,2009.3,256-258.
[45]孙毅,单继宏,孙中炜,等.基于实例与规则集成的模架配置方法.中国机械工程,2009.2，19(4)：428-432.
[46]吴扬东,余军合,苏少辉,等.基于Web的变型设计系统[J].中国机械工程,2004.10,15(19)：1720-1721.
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