新型穿戴式人体状态监测技术研究
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摘要
战场环境下,士兵的状态是指挥官和医护兵要掌握的重要信息,实时监测士兵的生命体征、安全状况对战术安排、战场搜救和降低士兵伤亡率具有十分重要的意义。在平时,人体(特别是老年人)的健康问题已越来越受到重视,日常生活中实时监测他们的健康状况对于及时预警疾病发生、提高生活质量具有重要意义。
近年来,穿戴式监护技术已成为军事医学野战卫生装备和平时医疗健康监护研究的一个热点。相对于传统的监测设备,穿戴式监护是一种低生理、心理负荷技术,穿戴式监护系统具有体积小、成本低、功耗小、携带方便的突出特点。本文在分析当前国内外有关研究现状的基础上,对战场环境下士兵状态和平时人体健康状态穿戴式监测技术进行了较深入的研究。
1)微型士兵状态监测器研究:针对目前穿戴式士兵状态监测大部分研究仍沿用传统多传感器思路,将传感器嵌入衣服或需设计一体化的监护服,制作复杂、成本高,而有一些参数如体温对伤情评级价值有限的问题。根据战场环境要求与我军当前实际,提出了一种基于单一加速度传感器的更简洁的设计方案,设计出了微型士兵状态监测器。通过粘贴在士兵左胸部,实时监测士兵的活动、姿态和心率,并通过Zigbee无线发送到单兵数字终端,由其融合两类信息对士兵的身体状况、是否受伤作出评价。
2)融合情景信息的穿戴式人体健康状态监测系统研究:针对单纯生理参数监测的不足,论文采用一体化结构设计出了一套融合情景信息的穿戴式人体健康监测系统。系统同步检测人体心电信号和XYZ轴加速度信号,对信号进行实时分析,计算出心率、活动强度,辨识出动作和姿态,一旦发现异常(心律失常、意外跌倒)情况,经蓝牙通过手机向医院监护中心发出报警。
实验结果表明,本论文研究的士兵状态监测器能较好满足监测士兵状态的需要,具有结构简单、体积小、功耗低、使用时间长的特点,而融合活动和生理信息的监测系统有利于区分出病理性、生理性异常,实现对人体健康状态更准确的监测评价。
In the battlefield, it is very important to get the status of soldiers for the commander and aidman. Real-time monitoring of the soldier’s vital signs and safety is useful to plan tactics, battlefield rescue and reduce the death rate. In the daily life, the people are paying more attention to their health (especially the elderly) than ever before. It’s meaningful to monitor their health status in real time, which is significant for prewarning disease and improving life quality.
In recent years, wearable monitoring technology has become a hot domain in the research field of military medical equipment and daily medical treatment. Compared to the traditional monitory equipments, the wearable monitoring device,with the advantages of miniature, low cost, low power and easy wearing, has lower physiological and psychological load to the users. After analysis of the present states of wearable monitoring technology home and abroad, this paper studied the wearable monitoring technology for monitoring the soldiers’status in the battlefield and the human’s health in the daily life.
1) Research of the micromonitor for soldier status monitoring: at present, the most wearable monitors for soldier status monitoring adopt traditional sensors, which are inserted into the clothes. The others are to design an integrative shirt and thus complicated and expensive. Some parameters, for example the temperature, are little use for the injured condition ranking. Based on the battlefield environments and practical requirements of the military, a more succinct design was proposed with single acceleration sensor. According to the proposal, we designed a micromonitor for soldier status monitoring. By adhering to the soldier’s left chest, it monitors his physiological information, including acts, activities and heart rate. Then, the micromonitor transmitted the information, using Zigbee, to the soldier’s digital terminal, in which the soldier’s physical status and whether being injured or not were evaluated.
2) Research of the wearable health monitoring system fused of scene information: In order to avoid the shortages of simply physiological monitoring, a wearable health monitoring system fused of scene information was designed, which synchronously monitored electrocardio signal and acceleration signal, and real-time calculated heart rate and activity intensity, recognized act and posture. If there was abnormal phenomenon, such as cardiac arrhythmia and unexpected falls, the system sent out the warning to the hospital monitoring center by mobile phone.
Experimental result showed that the wearable micromonitor could satisfy the requirements of soldier status monitoring in the battlefield, and it has the advantages of simple architecture, miniature, low power consumption and working for a long time. And the wearable health monitoring system for the people’s daily health monitoring is able to distinguish the pathological and physiological abnormality, which can evaluate the human body health status better.
近年来,穿戴式监护技术已成为军事医学野战卫生装备和平时医疗健康监护研究的一个热点。相对于传统的监测设备,穿戴式监护是一种低生理、心理负荷技术,穿戴式监护系统具有体积小、成本低、功耗小、携带方便的突出特点。本文在分析当前国内外有关研究现状的基础上,对战场环境下士兵状态和平时人体健康状态穿戴式监测技术进行了较深入的研究。
1)微型士兵状态监测器研究:针对目前穿戴式士兵状态监测大部分研究仍沿用传统多传感器思路,将传感器嵌入衣服或需设计一体化的监护服,制作复杂、成本高,而有一些参数如体温对伤情评级价值有限的问题。根据战场环境要求与我军当前实际,提出了一种基于单一加速度传感器的更简洁的设计方案,设计出了微型士兵状态监测器。通过粘贴在士兵左胸部,实时监测士兵的活动、姿态和心率,并通过Zigbee无线发送到单兵数字终端,由其融合两类信息对士兵的身体状况、是否受伤作出评价。
2)融合情景信息的穿戴式人体健康状态监测系统研究:针对单纯生理参数监测的不足,论文采用一体化结构设计出了一套融合情景信息的穿戴式人体健康监测系统。系统同步检测人体心电信号和XYZ轴加速度信号,对信号进行实时分析,计算出心率、活动强度,辨识出动作和姿态,一旦发现异常(心律失常、意外跌倒)情况,经蓝牙通过手机向医院监护中心发出报警。
实验结果表明,本论文研究的士兵状态监测器能较好满足监测士兵状态的需要,具有结构简单、体积小、功耗低、使用时间长的特点,而融合活动和生理信息的监测系统有利于区分出病理性、生理性异常,实现对人体健康状态更准确的监测评价。
In the battlefield, it is very important to get the status of soldiers for the commander and aidman. Real-time monitoring of the soldier’s vital signs and safety is useful to plan tactics, battlefield rescue and reduce the death rate. In the daily life, the people are paying more attention to their health (especially the elderly) than ever before. It’s meaningful to monitor their health status in real time, which is significant for prewarning disease and improving life quality.
In recent years, wearable monitoring technology has become a hot domain in the research field of military medical equipment and daily medical treatment. Compared to the traditional monitory equipments, the wearable monitoring device,with the advantages of miniature, low cost, low power and easy wearing, has lower physiological and psychological load to the users. After analysis of the present states of wearable monitoring technology home and abroad, this paper studied the wearable monitoring technology for monitoring the soldiers’status in the battlefield and the human’s health in the daily life.
1) Research of the micromonitor for soldier status monitoring: at present, the most wearable monitors for soldier status monitoring adopt traditional sensors, which are inserted into the clothes. The others are to design an integrative shirt and thus complicated and expensive. Some parameters, for example the temperature, are little use for the injured condition ranking. Based on the battlefield environments and practical requirements of the military, a more succinct design was proposed with single acceleration sensor. According to the proposal, we designed a micromonitor for soldier status monitoring. By adhering to the soldier’s left chest, it monitors his physiological information, including acts, activities and heart rate. Then, the micromonitor transmitted the information, using Zigbee, to the soldier’s digital terminal, in which the soldier’s physical status and whether being injured or not were evaluated.
2) Research of the wearable health monitoring system fused of scene information: In order to avoid the shortages of simply physiological monitoring, a wearable health monitoring system fused of scene information was designed, which synchronously monitored electrocardio signal and acceleration signal, and real-time calculated heart rate and activity intensity, recognized act and posture. If there was abnormal phenomenon, such as cardiac arrhythmia and unexpected falls, the system sent out the warning to the hospital monitoring center by mobile phone.
Experimental result showed that the wearable micromonitor could satisfy the requirements of soldier status monitoring in the battlefield, and it has the advantages of simple architecture, miniature, low power consumption and working for a long time. And the wearable health monitoring system for the people’s daily health monitoring is able to distinguish the pathological and physiological abnormality, which can evaluate the human body health status better.
引文
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2.滕晓菲,张元亭.移动医疗:穿戴式医疗仪器的发展趋势[J].中国医疗器械杂志,2006,20(5): 331-340
3. Subir B, Muhannad Q. Remote Monitoring of Solider Safety through Body Posture Identification using Wearable Sensor Networks[C]. Wireless Sensing and Processing Ⅲ, Florida, 2008: 1-12
4.张政波,俞梦孙,张宏金.用可穿戴式技术设计单兵状态监视器[J].医疗卫生装备,2005,26(3): 29-31
5.闫庆广,吴宝明,李君等.全数字化野战伤员搜救与信息管理系统[J].医疗卫生装备,2006,27(6):20-22
6.闫庆广,吴宝明,卓豫等.穿戴式单兵生命监测系统研究的进展[J].中国医疗器械杂志,2006,30(5):345-348
7.焦纯,董秀珍,杨国胜等.人体运动量及能耗的测量方法[J].国外医学生物医学工程分册,2002,25(5):196-202
8.王春飞,石江宏.美军单兵生命体征监测系统中的无线传感网络[J].医疗卫生装备,2007,28(11):34-39
9. Anh D, Daniel T, Li C et al. A Wearable Device for Physical Activity Monitoring With Built-in Heart Rate Variability[C]. ICBBE 2009.3rd International Conference on Bioinformationtics and Biomedical Engineering, Beijing, 2009: 1-4
10. Liang D, Jiankang W, Xiang C. A body activity tracking system using wearable accelerometers[C].Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, Beijing, 2007:1011-1014
11. Sung-Ihk Yang, Sung-Bae Cho. Recognizing Human Activities from Accelerometer and Physiological Sensors[C].Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems,2008: 100-105
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