改性竹炭去除废水中磷的研究
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摘要
水体富营养化已经成为影响水资源利用最主要的原因之一,因此,水体的脱氮除磷成为水污染治理研究的重点之一。在除磷方面,常采用的工艺有生物法、化学法和吸附法,其中吸附法除磷由于具有效率高,原料易得,成本低,二次污染少等特点成为研究和应用的热点。本实验以载铁改性竹炭作为吸附剂,对其改性方法和改性后除磷性能以及再生方法进行了研究,实验结果如下:
1)采用1.5 mol/L三氯化铁浸泡竹炭,选择煅烧温度为400°C,采用反复蒸煮法对竹炭进行改性,能有效的将铁负载到竹炭上,载铁量达41.53 mg /g,并且能显著增加竹炭对磷的吸附容量。
2)通过静态除磷实验可以得到结论:对于低浓度含磷溶液(含磷浓度:1mg/L~5mg/L),最佳除磷条件为pH=6~7,投配比为1g:50mL,在最佳反应条件下,仅10分钟,改性竹炭对磷的吸附达到饱和,此时,饱和吸附量为0.45mg/g(溶液含磷浓度为1mg/L)。
3)通过吸附动力学实验,结果表明改性竹炭对磷的吸附作用符合准二级反应速率方程;改性竹炭对磷的吸附行为符合Freundlich吸附模型。
4)在除磷动态实验中,水力负荷为24m3废水/(m3滤料·d),改性竹炭床能稳定运行400个吸附床体积并能保证90%的去除率。
5)采用1mol/L的NaOH溶液进行碱法再生能使得达到吸附饱和的改性竹炭有效再生,再生后除磷效率大于50%,且随着再生次数的增加,除磷率仅呈现出微小的下降趋势。
The phosphate in waste water is concerned to be one of the most significant reasons on coursing eutrophication, which is the major drawback in water resource using. Adsorption is one of the techniques, which is comparatively more useful and economical for phosphate removal than chemical and biological. The application of low cost and easily available materials in eutropication controlling has been widely investigated.
In this article, the Fe-modified bamboo charcoal have been serves as the absorbent in phosphate absorption, and the method of modification、the ability of phosphate removal、the way of desorption have been studied as well.
The results have been displayed as followed:
1)The bamboo charcoal can be modified effectively when the concentration of FeCl3 come to 1.5 mol·L-1, and the temperature of calcination approach to 400°C, in this condition, the content of Fe can reach to 41.53mgFe/g charcoal.
2)The results of static tests shows that the absorptive capacity of phosphate removal can reach to the maximum of 0.45mg·g-1 in 10min when 1g modified bamboo charcoal was put into 50mL solution(pH=6~7).
3)The experiment of adsorption kinetics study indicates that the adsorption process follows the pseudo second-order rate expression; and the experimental data are correlated reasonably well by Freundlich adsorption isotherm.
4)The dynamic experiment presents that the bamboo charcoal bed can stainable work 400 bed volume with the 90% efficiency of phosphate removal when the hydraulic loading is 24m3 /(m3·d).
5) The desorption tests demonstrates that the NaOH can desorption the phosphate from modified bamboo charcoal effectively with the removal rate of above 50%, nearly despite the number of desorption.
1)采用1.5 mol/L三氯化铁浸泡竹炭,选择煅烧温度为400°C,采用反复蒸煮法对竹炭进行改性,能有效的将铁负载到竹炭上,载铁量达41.53 mg /g,并且能显著增加竹炭对磷的吸附容量。
2)通过静态除磷实验可以得到结论:对于低浓度含磷溶液(含磷浓度:1mg/L~5mg/L),最佳除磷条件为pH=6~7,投配比为1g:50mL,在最佳反应条件下,仅10分钟,改性竹炭对磷的吸附达到饱和,此时,饱和吸附量为0.45mg/g(溶液含磷浓度为1mg/L)。
3)通过吸附动力学实验,结果表明改性竹炭对磷的吸附作用符合准二级反应速率方程;改性竹炭对磷的吸附行为符合Freundlich吸附模型。
4)在除磷动态实验中,水力负荷为24m3废水/(m3滤料·d),改性竹炭床能稳定运行400个吸附床体积并能保证90%的去除率。
5)采用1mol/L的NaOH溶液进行碱法再生能使得达到吸附饱和的改性竹炭有效再生,再生后除磷效率大于50%,且随着再生次数的增加,除磷率仅呈现出微小的下降趋势。
The phosphate in waste water is concerned to be one of the most significant reasons on coursing eutrophication, which is the major drawback in water resource using. Adsorption is one of the techniques, which is comparatively more useful and economical for phosphate removal than chemical and biological. The application of low cost and easily available materials in eutropication controlling has been widely investigated.
In this article, the Fe-modified bamboo charcoal have been serves as the absorbent in phosphate absorption, and the method of modification、the ability of phosphate removal、the way of desorption have been studied as well.
The results have been displayed as followed:
1)The bamboo charcoal can be modified effectively when the concentration of FeCl3 come to 1.5 mol·L-1, and the temperature of calcination approach to 400°C, in this condition, the content of Fe can reach to 41.53mgFe/g charcoal.
2)The results of static tests shows that the absorptive capacity of phosphate removal can reach to the maximum of 0.45mg·g-1 in 10min when 1g modified bamboo charcoal was put into 50mL solution(pH=6~7).
3)The experiment of adsorption kinetics study indicates that the adsorption process follows the pseudo second-order rate expression; and the experimental data are correlated reasonably well by Freundlich adsorption isotherm.
4)The dynamic experiment presents that the bamboo charcoal bed can stainable work 400 bed volume with the 90% efficiency of phosphate removal when the hydraulic loading is 24m3 /(m3·d).
5) The desorption tests demonstrates that the NaOH can desorption the phosphate from modified bamboo charcoal effectively with the removal rate of above 50%, nearly despite the number of desorption.
引文
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