基于图像处理的物体测量系统的研究
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摘要
近年来随着相关技术的不断发展,数字图像测量技术以其快速、非接触、自动化程度高等特点在国内外各个领域已经得到了广泛的研究和应用,尤其是在工业生产领域中,利用数字图像测量技术可以解决很多无法通过直接接触测量方式解决的问题,然而待测量的物体不同、参数不同以及测量目的的不同使得图像测量系统在各方面都存在差异。本文主要研究针对不规则形状物体面积的图像测量系统,具有一定的实际应用价值。
根据课题中图像测量系统的技术要求,对组成该系统硬件的各部分进行了具体的设计,选择了合适的相关部件,构建了一套完整的图像测量硬件系统。
针对皮革面积测量问题重点研究分析了图像滤波方法、图像分割方法以及不规则图形面积计算方法,通过对各种方法的分析比较与仿真实验,选择了合适的图像处理算法,并提出了一种基于边界跟踪及搜索方向分析的不规则图像区域面积计算方法,能够较好地解决不规则图形面积计算问题。
开发了不规则形体面积测量系统软件,分析了系统软件的功能及结构,详细阐述了软件各模块的具体开发过程、实现效果及该软件的具体操作方法。
图像测量系统的精度容易受多方面因素影响,文中对系统进行了实验研究及误差分析,包括照明光源、被测物属性、系统自身设备等。实验结果表明,本系统能够达到相应的技术指标,实现对小型皮革等不规则形状物体面积的有效测量。
In recent years, along with the continuous development of related technologies, the digital image measurement technology has been studied and applied widely with its fast, non-contact and highly of automation. Especially in the field of industrial production, using digital image measurement technology can resolve lots of measurement problems which cannot be resolved through direct contact measurement. However, different objects and parameters to be measured and different measuring purpose make the image measurement system different in many aspects. The main study content of this thesis is image measurement system aiming at irregular objects area measurement, which is valuable.
According to the requirements of image measurement system in this subject, each part of the system hardware is designed and appropriate related components are selected. A whole image measurement hardware system is constructed.
The methods of image filtering, image segmentation and irregular objects area calculation are researched according to the problem of leather area measurement. Through the analysis and simulation results, suitable image processing methods are chosen and an irregular region area calculation method based on boundary tracking and searching direction analysis is proposed. And it is shown that this method can well realize irregular region area calculation.
Irregular objects area measurement system software is developed and its function and structure are analyzed. The development procedure and interface of every software module and the software operation method are stated in details.
The accuracy of image measurement system is easy to be affected by many factors. Experiments and error analysis are done to the whole system, including light source, nature of measured objects, and device of the system and so on. The experiments results show that, this system can reach corresponding technical specifications and can realize effective measurement of irregular objects area measurement like leather.
根据课题中图像测量系统的技术要求,对组成该系统硬件的各部分进行了具体的设计,选择了合适的相关部件,构建了一套完整的图像测量硬件系统。
针对皮革面积测量问题重点研究分析了图像滤波方法、图像分割方法以及不规则图形面积计算方法,通过对各种方法的分析比较与仿真实验,选择了合适的图像处理算法,并提出了一种基于边界跟踪及搜索方向分析的不规则图像区域面积计算方法,能够较好地解决不规则图形面积计算问题。
开发了不规则形体面积测量系统软件,分析了系统软件的功能及结构,详细阐述了软件各模块的具体开发过程、实现效果及该软件的具体操作方法。
图像测量系统的精度容易受多方面因素影响,文中对系统进行了实验研究及误差分析,包括照明光源、被测物属性、系统自身设备等。实验结果表明,本系统能够达到相应的技术指标,实现对小型皮革等不规则形状物体面积的有效测量。
In recent years, along with the continuous development of related technologies, the digital image measurement technology has been studied and applied widely with its fast, non-contact and highly of automation. Especially in the field of industrial production, using digital image measurement technology can resolve lots of measurement problems which cannot be resolved through direct contact measurement. However, different objects and parameters to be measured and different measuring purpose make the image measurement system different in many aspects. The main study content of this thesis is image measurement system aiming at irregular objects area measurement, which is valuable.
According to the requirements of image measurement system in this subject, each part of the system hardware is designed and appropriate related components are selected. A whole image measurement hardware system is constructed.
The methods of image filtering, image segmentation and irregular objects area calculation are researched according to the problem of leather area measurement. Through the analysis and simulation results, suitable image processing methods are chosen and an irregular region area calculation method based on boundary tracking and searching direction analysis is proposed. And it is shown that this method can well realize irregular region area calculation.
Irregular objects area measurement system software is developed and its function and structure are analyzed. The development procedure and interface of every software module and the software operation method are stated in details.
The accuracy of image measurement system is easy to be affected by many factors. Experiments and error analysis are done to the whole system, including light source, nature of measured objects, and device of the system and so on. The experiments results show that, this system can reach corresponding technical specifications and can realize effective measurement of irregular objects area measurement like leather.
引文
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[24]合肥工业大学.图像信息处理研究室[EB]. Homepage:http://wwwl.hfut.edu.cn/organ /images/
[25]北京大学空间图像处理研究室[EB]. Homepage:http://ee.pku.edu.cn/SIP/staff/Faculty/ yangguanglin/sipl/cn/index.asp
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[29]关胜晓.不规则形体面积的CCD测量研究[J].仪表技术与传感器,1998,31-34.
[30]王晓明,董振宇.扫描式不规则皮板面积测量系统[J].轻工机械,2002,49-50.
[31]王永皎,张引,张三元.基于图像处理的植物叶面积测量方法[J].计算机工程,2006,(32)：210-212.
[32]Lin Han, Zhong JinGang. Parameter Calculation of the Irregular Surface Based on the Optical 3-D Shape Digital Reconstruction [J]. Optical Technique,2008,34(6):942-945.
[33]张英杰.基于视频图像的应变精密测量研究[D].吉林：吉林大学,2006：10-12,19-20.
[34]王程.基于DSP的啤酒瓶视觉检测系统设计与开发[D].浙江：浙江大学,2005：6-8.
[35]Tom Yang.嵌入式视觉系统与PC式视觉系统[J].现在制造,2004,(22)：36.
[36]唐向阳,张勇,李江有,等.机器视觉关键技术的现状及应用展望[J].昆明理工大学学报(理工版),2004,29(2)：36-39.
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