松辽盆地断裂系统及与CO_2气藏成藏关系研究
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摘要
本论文充分利用前人地震解释资料,系统研究松辽盆地断裂的几何学特征,结合砂箱物理模拟实验及平衡剖面,系统分析断裂运动学特征,搞清断裂形成演化期次,以徐家围子断陷、长岭断陷和东南隆起区为工作区,系统拆分断裂的穿层特征,明确不同期次的断裂分布规律。指出松辽盆地断裂有岩石圈断裂、地壳断裂、基底断裂和盖层断裂4种类型,岩石圈断裂与地壳断裂统称为深大断裂,重磁解译的深大断裂多为岩浆上涌的通道。归纳出三种不同活动规律的基底断裂:断陷期活动的基底断裂(I-BF)、断陷期和坳陷期均活动的基底断裂(I-II-BF)、断陷期、坳陷期和反转期均活动的基底断裂(I-II-III-BF)。指出控制CO_2气藏的断裂多为规模较大的、控陷的、为火山岩上涌通道的、向下收敛于拆离带并与深大断裂(岩浆通道)相连的基底断裂,依据这4项原则,明确了松辽盆地可能控制CO_2气藏基底断裂的分布。
通过对CO_2天然气含量、层系和平面分布特征总结了松辽盆地CO_2气分布规律、控制因素。并初步建立了三种CO_2气藏成藏模式:深部断裂蠕滑-浅部古火山通道充注模式、深部断裂蠕滑-浅部断裂和古火山通道叠合充注模式、反转基底大断裂充注模式。在断裂系统划分及控藏断裂类型确定以及CO_2气分布规律研究的基础上,全面分析深大断裂和控藏断裂对二氧化碳气藏形成演化的控制作用,结合二氧化碳气藏成藏机制和火山岩体分布,预测二氧化碳成藏的有利地区。
By using previous seismic data and studying geometry characteristics of faults in Songliao basin, kinematic features of faults were analyzed systematically combining with sand-box analog model and balanced cross section, and fault formation and active stages were determined. Taking Xujiaweizi fault depression, Changling fault depression and southeast uplift as working area, strata-dissecting features of faults were separated and distribution law of fault in different stage was clearly understood. There are 4 types of faults in Songliao basin: lithosphere fault, crustal fault, basement fault and cap rock fault. Lithosphere fault and crustal fault are called deep fault. Deep faults interpreted by gravity and magnetic are mostly magma upwelling channels. This paper summarized 3 kinds of basement faults with different activity laws: basement fault faulting in faulted period (I-BF), basement fault faulting in faulted period and depression period (I-II-BF), and basement fault faulting in faulted period, depression period and inversion period (I-II-III-BF). Faults that controlled CO_2 gas reservoir mostly are basement faults which are relatively large-scale, controlling-depression, being volcanic rock upwelling channel, converging downward to detachment zone and connecting with deep faults (magma channels). Based on these four principles, the distribution of basement faults that possibly controlled CO_2 gas reservoir was determined.
According to CO_2 gas content, layer series and plane distribution characteristics, the distribution laws and control factors of CO_2 gas in Songliao basin were summarized.Based on the division of fault system, determination of controlling-reservoir fault types and distribution law of CO_2 gas, the control effect of deep faults and controlling-reservoir faults on the formation and evolution of CO_2 gas reservoir was analyzed comprehensively. The favorable area for the accumulation of CO_2 gas was predicted combining with formation mechanism of CO_2 gas reservoir and distribution of volcanic rock bodies.On the basis of the results above, accumulation model of CO_2 gas reservoir was established: deep fault creeping-shallow ancient volcanic channel infill injection mode, deep fault creeping-shallow fault and ancient volcanic channel congruent infill injection mode and major fault in reverse basement infill injection mode.
通过对CO_2天然气含量、层系和平面分布特征总结了松辽盆地CO_2气分布规律、控制因素。并初步建立了三种CO_2气藏成藏模式:深部断裂蠕滑-浅部古火山通道充注模式、深部断裂蠕滑-浅部断裂和古火山通道叠合充注模式、反转基底大断裂充注模式。在断裂系统划分及控藏断裂类型确定以及CO_2气分布规律研究的基础上,全面分析深大断裂和控藏断裂对二氧化碳气藏形成演化的控制作用,结合二氧化碳气藏成藏机制和火山岩体分布,预测二氧化碳成藏的有利地区。
By using previous seismic data and studying geometry characteristics of faults in Songliao basin, kinematic features of faults were analyzed systematically combining with sand-box analog model and balanced cross section, and fault formation and active stages were determined. Taking Xujiaweizi fault depression, Changling fault depression and southeast uplift as working area, strata-dissecting features of faults were separated and distribution law of fault in different stage was clearly understood. There are 4 types of faults in Songliao basin: lithosphere fault, crustal fault, basement fault and cap rock fault. Lithosphere fault and crustal fault are called deep fault. Deep faults interpreted by gravity and magnetic are mostly magma upwelling channels. This paper summarized 3 kinds of basement faults with different activity laws: basement fault faulting in faulted period (I-BF), basement fault faulting in faulted period and depression period (I-II-BF), and basement fault faulting in faulted period, depression period and inversion period (I-II-III-BF). Faults that controlled CO_2 gas reservoir mostly are basement faults which are relatively large-scale, controlling-depression, being volcanic rock upwelling channel, converging downward to detachment zone and connecting with deep faults (magma channels). Based on these four principles, the distribution of basement faults that possibly controlled CO_2 gas reservoir was determined.
According to CO_2 gas content, layer series and plane distribution characteristics, the distribution laws and control factors of CO_2 gas in Songliao basin were summarized.Based on the division of fault system, determination of controlling-reservoir fault types and distribution law of CO_2 gas, the control effect of deep faults and controlling-reservoir faults on the formation and evolution of CO_2 gas reservoir was analyzed comprehensively. The favorable area for the accumulation of CO_2 gas was predicted combining with formation mechanism of CO_2 gas reservoir and distribution of volcanic rock bodies.On the basis of the results above, accumulation model of CO_2 gas reservoir was established: deep fault creeping-shallow ancient volcanic channel infill injection mode, deep fault creeping-shallow fault and ancient volcanic channel congruent infill injection mode and major fault in reverse basement infill injection mode.
引文
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