连铸连轧电工铝杆工艺相关问题研究
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摘要
本文在对太原铝厂电工铝杆生产工艺进行了深入细致的调查的基础上，针对在实际生产中的延伸率、抗拉强度和导电率不能兼顾的情况和一些存在的铝杆质量问题进行了分析。综合分析了化学成分、工艺参数、孔型设计及金相组织对其综合性能的影响。利用Gleeble—1500热力模拟试验机对电工铝杆所用材料——工业纯铝进行了热力模拟实验，分析了变形温度、变形程度、变形速度对流动应力的影响，建立了一种新的流动应力的数学模型，并且对工业纯铝的回复、再结晶与变形温度、变形程度及变形速度之间的关系进行了分析。对电工铝杆生产所用的设备——三辊Y型轧机进行了研究，Y型三辊连续轧制是上世纪五十年代初研究成功的一种新型轧制方式，并且在中国也得到迅速的发展。三辊轧制具有变形效率高、可连续生产、成材率高、产品综合性能优良等特点。但是三辊轧制与二辊轧制相比，金属的三维变形比较复杂，各种力能参数的测定较为困难，同时这种连轧方式的理论分析还没有很好的发展起来。本论文详细研究了电工铝杆的三辊连轧过程，分析了连轧过程中的工艺参数和孔型设计的特点，着重分析了三辊Y型轧机孔型设计对生产工艺和产品质量的重要影响，并且用VB6.0编制了计算机辅助孔型设计程序，使孔型设计更加合理，高效。这就给生产实践中的技术革新打下了基础并且提供了有利的条件。
In this paper, the effects of the chemical composition, the technical parameters, microstructure and rolling design on the mechanical and electrical properties of pure aluminum wire rod are synthetically analyzed in the foundation of carrying through investigating practical production in-depth in TaiYuan aluminum factory, aiming at existent technical difficulty and some quality problem in the practical production. By
using Gleeble-1500 thermo mechanical simulator, compressed test of pure
aluminum are made in certain temperature, at certain strain rate and strain. The mathematical models describing the relation among the flow stress and the deformed temperature, strain rate and strain are established and the relation among the recovery, the recrystallization of pure aluminum and the deformed temperature, strain rate and strain are analyzed. The machine used to produce aluminum wire rod - three rollers Y-type rolling mill are researched. This kind of rolling mode has many advantages, for example, high distortion efficiency, continuous production, high rate of finished product and good general performance. Through studying the three-roll machine, the important effect of the roller design on the production techniques is analyzed. And the computer aided roller design program has been worked out. With the program, the roller design may be in reason and become high efficiency. All these work can make a foundation and provide advantageous condition for the production technology renovatation.
In this paper, the effects of the chemical composition, the technical parameters, microstructure and rolling design on the mechanical and electrical properties of pure aluminum wire rod are synthetically analyzed in the foundation of carrying through investigating practical production in-depth in TaiYuan aluminum factory, aiming at existent technical difficulty and some quality problem in the practical production. By
using Gleeble-1500 thermo mechanical simulator, compressed test of pure
aluminum are made in certain temperature, at certain strain rate and strain. The mathematical models describing the relation among the flow stress and the deformed temperature, strain rate and strain are established and the relation among the recovery, the recrystallization of pure aluminum and the deformed temperature, strain rate and strain are analyzed. The machine used to produce aluminum wire rod - three rollers Y-type rolling mill are researched. This kind of rolling mode has many advantages, for example, high distortion efficiency, continuous production, high rate of finished product and good general performance. Through studying the three-roll machine, the important effect of the roller design on the production techniques is analyzed. And the computer aided roller design program has been worked out. With the program, the roller design may be in reason and become high efficiency. All these work can make a foundation and provide advantageous condition for the production technology renovatation.
引文
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[46] N.Rajmohan and J.A.Szpunar: A new model for recrystallization of heavily cold-ed aluminum using orientation-dependent stored energy. Acta Mater.48 (2000) : 327---334
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Simulation of rolling texture of aluminum with lath model, Trans.Nonferrous Met.Soc.China, Vol.9, No.2, June, 1999
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tungstate-scandium tungstate solid solutions, Solid State Ionics 136---137(2000) , 427---430
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[2] 田莳、李秀臣等编，金属物理性能，北京航空工业出版社，1994
[3] 傅祖铸，有色金属板带材生产，中南工业大学出版社，1992，9
[4] 王占学，塑性加工金属学，冶金工业出版社，1991
[5] 周纪华，铝合金流动应力数学模型，北京科技大学学报，Vol．16，No．4 Aug．1994
[6] 刘相华，退火改善A1导体的组织和性能，机械工程材料，2000，3
[7] 吴贵生，试验设计与数据处理，冶金工业出版社，1997
[8] 刘文生等，应用数理统计基础，山西科学教育出版社，1987
[9] 钟桂松等，钨钼条开坯用三辊Y型轧机的轧制孔型设计，锻压技术，1994，No．5 36-42
[10] 黄崇祺，材料与电缆工业，电线电缆，1986，(2)25～27
[11] 张迎晖、孝云祯，微量元素Sc对工业纯铝再结晶的影响，中国有色金属学报，1998，3，Vol．8，No．1 85-88
[12] 张利等，H型钢计算机辅助孔型设计系统的开发，上海金属，Vol．21，No．3，May，1999
[13] 张泽新，铝杆连铸连轧结晶轮防烧蚀装置，电线电缆，1987，(2)61～62
[14] 许勇顺等，金属热变形应力-应变曲线数学模型的研究与应用，应用科学学报，Vol．15，No．4，December 1997
[15] 何宜柱等，C-Mn钢热变形流变曲线的计算机模拟，华东冶金学院学报，April 1995，Vol．12，No．2，152—158
[16] 赵邦义，计算机辅助孔型设计的效果，攀枝花大学学报，Vol．15，NO．4，December，1998
[17] 葛懋琦等，热连轧X65管线钢热变形行为的研究，武汉冶金科技大学学报，June 1997，Vol．20，No．2，138—143
[18] 刘晓波、钟掘等，2800热精轧铝板轧制力模型，铝加工，1996，(2)14～18
[19] 王在勋，在三辊Y型连轧机上铝杆的负张力轧制，电线电缆，1987，(5) 46～49
[20] 钟明正，铝线坯液体铝连铸连轧工艺及其节能效果，轻合金加工技术，1984，(5)1～7
[21] WJ巴伦著，陈奇译，PROPERZI连铸连轧工艺生产铝杆的若干问题，电线电缆，1987，(4)15～19
[22] 在高速拉线机上生产铝导体，电线电缆，1987，(5)5～9
[23] 吴克义，铝线材中的杂质及其影响，轻合金加工技术，1989，(6)13～20
[24] 张克烈，连铸连轧电工铝盘杆常见缺陷及其控制，轻合金加工技术，2001，Vol．29，No．2 7—12
[25] 候相民、崔旭东，影响电工用铝杆质量的因素及其改善措施，轻合金加工技术，1993，(11)13～15
[26] 倪克煌、刘守约，法国SECIM公司的铜铝杆材连铸连轧生产线，
电线电缆，1987，(3)5～7
[27] 孙中河，铝线材的连铸连轧技术，铝加工，1995，(1) 42～43
[28] 李激光、耿申，重轨计算机辅助孔型设计，鞍山钢铁学院学报，Vol．22，No．6，December，1999
[29] 钟明正，圆铝杆铸轧工艺控制中的计算方法，轻合金加工技术，1993，(6)10～14
[30] 李见著，金属学原理，东北工学院出版社，1991，6
[31] S、S、葛列里克著，金属和合金的再结晶，机械工业出版社，1985，12
[32] 王延溥、齐克敏著，金属塑性加工学，冶金工业出版社，2001
[33] 赵松筠、唐文林编著，型钢孔型设计，冶金工业出版社，2000，4
[34] 白光润主编，型钢孔型设计，冶金工业出版社，1995，5
[35] 汪大年主编，金属塑性成形原理，机械工业出版社，1986，2
[36] 曾伟民、邓勇刚编著，Visual Basic 6．0高级实用教程，电子工业出版社，1999，10
[37] 张树兵 等编，Visual Basic 6．0入门与提高，清华大学出版社，1999，6
[38] 胡彧、闫宏印 编著，VB程序分析，电子工业出版社，2001，
[39] 双远华、李国桢，钢管斜轧理论及生产过程的数值模拟，冶金工业出版社，2001，9
[40] 王轶农，冷轧高纯铝板再结晶织构的演变特征，东北大学学报，2000，No．1，84—86
[41] 高泽生，铝晶粒细化机理研究的进展(1)，轻合金加工技术，1997，Vol．8，No．6，1—5
[42] 张永红，拉伸电线用轧制铝杆的工艺与性能研究，轻合金，1997，
No．11 53-55
[43] 周纪华、管克智，金属塑性变形抗力，机械工业出版社，1989，9
[44] 毛卫民、赵新兵，金属的再结晶与晶粒长大，冶金工业出版社，1994
[45] H Aretz, R Luce, M Wolse, R Kopp, M Goerdeler, V Marx, G Pomana and G Gottstein: Integration of physically based models into FEM and application in simulation of metal forming processes. Mater.Sci.Eng.8 (2000) : 81-89
[46] N.Rajmohan and J.A.Szpunar: A new model for recrystallization of heavily cold-ed aluminum using orientation-dependent stored energy. Acta Mater.48 (2000) : 327---334
[47] B.REN, W.A.Cassada and K.D.Wade: Development of deformation and recrystallization orientations during hot rolling of Al-4． 5Mg alloy. Materials Science Forum, Vol.331-337 (2000) : pp.769---774
[48] Jian Li, Seki, S.Saimota, K. Itob and T. Kamijo: Annealing twins in nominally pure Al, Scripta Materialia, Vol.36, No. 11, pp. 1261---1266 1997
[49] B.Q.Han, S.R.Agnew, and D.C.Dnnand: High-stain-rate deformation of pure aluminum reinforce with 25% alumina submicron particles near the solidus temperature, Scripta Materialia Vol.40, No.7, pp.801---808 1999
[50] Zone-Ching Lin, Chi-Chih Shen: A Couple finite element method for a three-dimensional analysis of the flat rolling of aluminum with different reductions, Journal of Materials Process Technology, 110(2000) : 10---18
[51] Deepak Sil and S.K.Varma: The comined effect of grain size and strain rate on the dislocation substructure and mechanical properties in the pure aluminum, Metallurgical Transactions A, Volume 24A,May 1993,1153---1161
[52] Chen Zhi, Zhang Xinming, Zhou Zhouping, Li Saiyi and Yang Yang:
Simulation of rolling texture of aluminum with lath model, Trans.Nonferrous Met.Soc.China, Vol.9, No.2, June, 1999
[53] M.Cigdem and G.H.Bennett:Influence of ingot structure on properties of commercial purity aluminum under hot testing condition, Materials Science and Technology, April 1991,Vol.7, 321---329
[54] I.Samajdar, B.Verlinden, L.Rabet, P.Vanhoutte: Recrystallization texture in a cold rolled commercial purity aluminum on the plausible macro-and micro-mechanisms, Materials Science and Engineering, A266 (1999) , 146---154
[55] G.Lutjering:Property optimization through microstructure control in titanium and aluminum alloys, Materials Science and Engineering, A263 (1999) , 117---126
[56] S. Xoing, X.Liu, G,Wang and W.Zhang: Simulation of Vertical-Horizontal by full three-dimensional-rigid-plastic finite element method, Journal of materials Engineering and Performance, Volume6 (6) , December 1997,757---765
[57] Yang Ping: Continues recrystallization in pure Al-1． 3%Mn investigated by local orientation analysis, Trans.Nonferrous Met.Soc.China, Sep. 1999, Vol.9, No.3, 451---456
[58] Uday Chakkingal, Arief B.Suriadi, P.F.Thomson: The development of microstructure and influence of processing route during equal channel angular drawing of pure aluminum, Materials Science and Engineering, A266 (1999) , 241---249
[59] M.Hiraiwa, S.Tamura, N.Jmanaka, GAdachi, H, Dabkowska, A.Dabkowski: Single crystal growth of trivalent ion conducting aluminum
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