冷弯薄壁不锈钢管轴心受压稳定承载力分析
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摘要
随着我国国力的不断增强，不锈钢在建筑工程领域的应用不断扩大。资料显示，未来十年中国将成为世界不锈钢消费第一大国，同时也是不锈钢生产大国之一。随着加入WTO和奥运会的举办，公共建筑和旅游设施的大量兴建，不锈钢将有广阔的应用前景。然而，不锈钢强度高，壁厚小，应用过程中，其稳定问题是尤为重要的，目前国内有关冷弯薄壁不锈钢稳定承载力的系统研究还相对较少，与不锈钢日益广泛的应用相比，这方面的研究工作急需加强。
本文以试验数据为基础综合分析了冷弯薄壁不锈钢管件的极限稳定承载力，并对壁厚、直径、径厚比、长细比、初始缺陷等重要影响因素进行了定量的分析，给出了稳定系数计算建议公式以及常见长细比下只发生整体屈曲的分界径厚比的计算公式。结合试验数据和数值分析的结果，和当前的冷弯薄壁型钢规范计算方法进行了对比，证明了建议公式的合理性和可靠性，可供设计人员参考。
With the increase of the overall national strength, it will be more common to see stainless steel in the civil works. Available estimates suggest that China will be the most important country in producing and using stainless steel in the next 10 years. Besides, with the incoming Olympic Games ,our country need more tourist facilities and stadiums. These new buildings are not only supposed to meet the need of practical application, but also the need of aesthetic property. All the reasons mentioned above push ahead the use of stainless steel. However, the rearch on the mechanic property of stainless steel structure members is far from fullfilling the requirement. The stainless steel members have high strenth but small thickness, so the stability problems take a important part in the design procedure.
This article will use both the test performed on stainless steel circular hollow section(CHS) and the finite element model to find the columns limit strength, and also include parameter research such as the thickness, the diameter, the influences of ratio of diameter to thickness ( D/t), the slenderness ratio and the initial local and overall geometric imperfections. This article proposes an equation to calculate the stability of the stainless steel tubular members. The comparison between the suggested equation and the existing standard(Technica) Code of Cold-formed Thin-wall Steel Structures - GB50018-2002) , the experiment data and the finite element results suggests that the proposed equotion provides a better way to determine the ultimate axial compression capacity of cold-formed stainless steel tubular columns.
本文以试验数据为基础综合分析了冷弯薄壁不锈钢管件的极限稳定承载力，并对壁厚、直径、径厚比、长细比、初始缺陷等重要影响因素进行了定量的分析，给出了稳定系数计算建议公式以及常见长细比下只发生整体屈曲的分界径厚比的计算公式。结合试验数据和数值分析的结果，和当前的冷弯薄壁型钢规范计算方法进行了对比，证明了建议公式的合理性和可靠性，可供设计人员参考。
With the increase of the overall national strength, it will be more common to see stainless steel in the civil works. Available estimates suggest that China will be the most important country in producing and using stainless steel in the next 10 years. Besides, with the incoming Olympic Games ,our country need more tourist facilities and stadiums. These new buildings are not only supposed to meet the need of practical application, but also the need of aesthetic property. All the reasons mentioned above push ahead the use of stainless steel. However, the rearch on the mechanic property of stainless steel structure members is far from fullfilling the requirement. The stainless steel members have high strenth but small thickness, so the stability problems take a important part in the design procedure.
This article will use both the test performed on stainless steel circular hollow section(CHS) and the finite element model to find the columns limit strength, and also include parameter research such as the thickness, the diameter, the influences of ratio of diameter to thickness ( D/t), the slenderness ratio and the initial local and overall geometric imperfections. This article proposes an equation to calculate the stability of the stainless steel tubular members. The comparison between the suggested equation and the existing standard(Technica) Code of Cold-formed Thin-wall Steel Structures - GB50018-2002) , the experiment data and the finite element results suggests that the proposed equotion provides a better way to determine the ultimate axial compression capacity of cold-formed stainless steel tubular columns.
引文
[1] 肖纪美，不锈钢的金属学问题(第二版)，冶金工业出版社，2006
[2] 埃斯科·米耶蒂宁[芬兰]，不锈钢与建筑，天津大学出版社，2004
[3] 王镝，陈涛，不锈钢在建筑工程中的推广及应用，山西建筑，2004，Vol 30
[4] 不锈钢在建筑中的应用，建筑知识，2001，Vol 4
[5] Rsmussen and Rondal, Strength Curves for Metal Columns, Journal of Structual Engineering, 1997, 721-729
[6] Donnel, Wan C. C., Effect of imperfections on buckling of thin cylinders and columns under axial compression [J]. Journal of Applied Mechanics, ASME, 1950, 17(1): 73-83
[7] Budiansky B, Hutchinson J W. A survey of some buckling problems [J]. AIAA Journal, 1966, 4(9):1505-1010.
[8] Ben Young and Wing-Man Lui, Behavior of Cold—Formed High Strength Stainless Steel Sections, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 2006, Nov, 1738-1745
[9] Ben Young and Yahua Liu, Experimental Investigation of Cold-Formed Stainless steel Columns, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 2003, Feb, 169-176
[10] Feng Zhou and Ben Young, Cold?Formed High-Strength Stainless Steel Tubular Sections Subjected to Web Crippling, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 2007, Mar, 368-377
[11] Ben Young and Kim Rasmussen, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Feb, 1998, 131-139
[12] Kim Rasmussen, Recent rearch on stainless steel tubular structures, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2000, Vol 54, 75-88
[13] Kim Rasmussen, Design of Slender Angle Section Beam—Columns by the Direct Strength Method, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 2006, Feb, 204-211
[14] Gardner and Nethercot, Experiments on stainless steel hollow sections—Part Ⅰ: Material and cross sectional behaviour, Journal of Constructional Steel Research 2004, Vol 60, 1291-1318
[15] Gardner and Nethercot, Experiments on stainless steel hollow sections—Part Ⅱ: Member behaviour of columns and beams, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2004, Vol 60, 1319-1332
[16] G. J. van den Berg, The effect of the non—linear stress—strain behaviour of stainless steels on member capacity, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2000, Vol 54, 135-160
[17] G. J. van den Berg, The Behaviour of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Structural Members, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 1998, Vol 46
[18] 王来，刘锡良，综合考虑缺陷影响时不锈钢管轴压稳定的计算，山东矿业学院学报，1997，Vol 16，No．1
[19] 苏庆田，沈祖炎，不锈钢强度设计值取值的试验和理论依据，建筑结构学报，2003，Vol 24，No．1
[20] 孙长庆，不锈钢设计应力的研讨，化工设备与管道，2001，Vol 38
[21] 陈骥，钢结构稳定理论与设计，北京：科学出版社，2003
[22] Salvadori M. and Heller R., Structure in Architecture Englewood cliffs, N.J.: Prentice——Hall, Inc., 1963
[23] 《薄壁型钢结构技术规范》修订组，冷弯薄壁型钢压弯构件的稳定性计算，建筑结构学报，1991，Vol 12，No．2，70-77
[24] 《薄壁型钢结构技术规范》修订组，冷弯薄壁型钢轴心受压构件的稳定性计算，建筑结构学报，1991，Vol 12，No．4，2—10
[25] 赵海峰，ANSYS8.0工程结构实例分析，中国铁道出版社，2004，127～134
[26] 中华人民共和国国家标准，冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范，GB50018-2002，中国计划出版社
[27] 中华人民共和国国家标准，钢结构设计规范，GB50017-2003，中国计划出版社
[28] 赵阳，腾锦光，轴压圆柱钢薄壳稳定设计综述，工程力学，2003／12，Vol 20
[29] Ehab Ellobody, Ben Young,, Structural performance of cold-formed high strength stainless steel columns, Journal of Constructional Steel Rearch, 2005, 61, 1631—1649
[30] Rasmussen and Hancock, Design of Cold-formed Stainless Steel Tubular Members.Ⅰ: Columns, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 1993
[31] Ben Young, Wibisono Hartono, Compression Tests of Stainless Steel Tubular Members, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2002, June, 754—761
[32] 潘汉明，梁硕，大型薄壁钢管构件的轴压稳定分析，钢结构，2006/4，Vol21，No．87
[33] Holst, Rotter, Calladine, Imperfections and buckling in cylindrical shells with consistent residual stresses, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2000, 54: 265-282.
[34] Pircher, Bridge, The influence of circumferential weld-induced imperfections on the buckling of silos andtanks, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2001,57:569-580.
[35] Pircher, Bridge, Buckling of thin-walled silos and tanks under axial load-some new aspects, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 2001, 127(10): 1129-1136.
[36] Ben Young and Hartono, Compression Tests of Stainless Steel Tubular Members, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, June, 2002
[37] Ramberg, W. and Osgood, W. R.(1943), Description of stress strain curves by three parameters, Technique Note No.902, Washington D.C
[38] Rasmussen and Rondal, Strength Curves for Metal Columns, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 1997, Jun, 721-728
[39] 张压欧，ANSYS 7.0有限元分析实用教程，清华大学出版社，2004
[40] 东方人华，ANSYS 7.0入门与提高，清华大学出版社，2004
[41] Compression Tests of Stainless Steel Tubular Members, Ben Young and Hartono, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2002, June: 754—761
[42] 张中权，冷弯薄壁型钢轴心受压构件稳定性的试验研究，钢结构研究论文报告选集第一册，1982
[2] 埃斯科·米耶蒂宁[芬兰]，不锈钢与建筑，天津大学出版社，2004
[3] 王镝，陈涛，不锈钢在建筑工程中的推广及应用，山西建筑，2004，Vol 30
[4] 不锈钢在建筑中的应用，建筑知识，2001，Vol 4
[5] Rsmussen and Rondal, Strength Curves for Metal Columns, Journal of Structual Engineering, 1997, 721-729
[6] Donnel, Wan C. C., Effect of imperfections on buckling of thin cylinders and columns under axial compression [J]. Journal of Applied Mechanics, ASME, 1950, 17(1): 73-83
[7] Budiansky B, Hutchinson J W. A survey of some buckling problems [J]. AIAA Journal, 1966, 4(9):1505-1010.
[8] Ben Young and Wing-Man Lui, Behavior of Cold—Formed High Strength Stainless Steel Sections, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 2006, Nov, 1738-1745
[9] Ben Young and Yahua Liu, Experimental Investigation of Cold-Formed Stainless steel Columns, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 2003, Feb, 169-176
[10] Feng Zhou and Ben Young, Cold?Formed High-Strength Stainless Steel Tubular Sections Subjected to Web Crippling, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 2007, Mar, 368-377
[11] Ben Young and Kim Rasmussen, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Feb, 1998, 131-139
[12] Kim Rasmussen, Recent rearch on stainless steel tubular structures, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2000, Vol 54, 75-88
[13] Kim Rasmussen, Design of Slender Angle Section Beam—Columns by the Direct Strength Method, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 2006, Feb, 204-211
[14] Gardner and Nethercot, Experiments on stainless steel hollow sections—Part Ⅰ: Material and cross sectional behaviour, Journal of Constructional Steel Research 2004, Vol 60, 1291-1318
[15] Gardner and Nethercot, Experiments on stainless steel hollow sections—Part Ⅱ: Member behaviour of columns and beams, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2004, Vol 60, 1319-1332
[16] G. J. van den Berg, The effect of the non—linear stress—strain behaviour of stainless steels on member capacity, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2000, Vol 54, 135-160
[17] G. J. van den Berg, The Behaviour of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Structural Members, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 1998, Vol 46
[18] 王来，刘锡良，综合考虑缺陷影响时不锈钢管轴压稳定的计算，山东矿业学院学报，1997，Vol 16，No．1
[19] 苏庆田，沈祖炎，不锈钢强度设计值取值的试验和理论依据，建筑结构学报，2003，Vol 24，No．1
[20] 孙长庆，不锈钢设计应力的研讨，化工设备与管道，2001，Vol 38
[21] 陈骥，钢结构稳定理论与设计，北京：科学出版社，2003
[22] Salvadori M. and Heller R., Structure in Architecture Englewood cliffs, N.J.: Prentice——Hall, Inc., 1963
[23] 《薄壁型钢结构技术规范》修订组，冷弯薄壁型钢压弯构件的稳定性计算，建筑结构学报，1991，Vol 12，No．2，70-77
[24] 《薄壁型钢结构技术规范》修订组，冷弯薄壁型钢轴心受压构件的稳定性计算，建筑结构学报，1991，Vol 12，No．4，2—10
[25] 赵海峰，ANSYS8.0工程结构实例分析，中国铁道出版社，2004，127～134
[26] 中华人民共和国国家标准，冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范，GB50018-2002，中国计划出版社
[27] 中华人民共和国国家标准，钢结构设计规范，GB50017-2003，中国计划出版社
[28] 赵阳，腾锦光，轴压圆柱钢薄壳稳定设计综述，工程力学，2003／12，Vol 20
[29] Ehab Ellobody, Ben Young,, Structural performance of cold-formed high strength stainless steel columns, Journal of Constructional Steel Rearch, 2005, 61, 1631—1649
[30] Rasmussen and Hancock, Design of Cold-formed Stainless Steel Tubular Members.Ⅰ: Columns, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 1993
[31] Ben Young, Wibisono Hartono, Compression Tests of Stainless Steel Tubular Members, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2002, June, 754—761
[32] 潘汉明，梁硕，大型薄壁钢管构件的轴压稳定分析，钢结构，2006/4，Vol21，No．87
[33] Holst, Rotter, Calladine, Imperfections and buckling in cylindrical shells with consistent residual stresses, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2000, 54: 265-282.
[34] Pircher, Bridge, The influence of circumferential weld-induced imperfections on the buckling of silos andtanks, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2001,57:569-580.
[35] Pircher, Bridge, Buckling of thin-walled silos and tanks under axial load-some new aspects, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 2001, 127(10): 1129-1136.
[36] Ben Young and Hartono, Compression Tests of Stainless Steel Tubular Members, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, June, 2002
[37] Ramberg, W. and Osgood, W. R.(1943), Description of stress strain curves by three parameters, Technique Note No.902, Washington D.C
[38] Rasmussen and Rondal, Strength Curves for Metal Columns, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 1997, Jun, 721-728
[39] 张压欧，ANSYS 7.0有限元分析实用教程，清华大学出版社，2004
[40] 东方人华，ANSYS 7.0入门与提高，清华大学出版社，2004
[41] Compression Tests of Stainless Steel Tubular Members, Ben Young and Hartono, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2002, June: 754—761
[42] 张中权，冷弯薄壁型钢轴心受压构件稳定性的试验研究，钢结构研究论文报告选集第一册，1982