基于温度场变化条件下的大型港口机械应力与变形分析
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摘要
暴露在自然环境中的大型港口机械,长期经受季节性气温、日照强度周期变化及其他一些因素造成的温度变化的影响,结构各个侧面的温度存在一定差异。当温度应力的存在引起的温度变形被结构的内外约束作用时,会造成结构的局部破坏。而在我国各个港口,很多大型机械结构强度高的部位出现过严重局部破坏,这些破坏的产生,很大程度上可能就是温度应力作用的结果。因此,在大型港口机械的结构设计中,有必要考虑温度应力的影响,作为其结构设计和强度评估的依据。
本文系统地研究大型港口机械的温度场和温度应力的数值计算理论,并主要通过ANSYS有限元分析软件对大型港口机械的日照温度场和温度应力进行分析研究。首先利用ANSYS有限元分析软件建立大型港口机械模型,确定边界条件,施加温度场及其他载荷,计算分析大型港口机械的温度场分布。其次采用试验的方法,通过布置温度传感器利用基于WEB的大型起重机械结构无线智能监测系统对大型港口机械的温度场数据进行24小时不间断现场实测。将现场实测得到的温度场和利用ANSYS有限元软件分析与计算的结果进行比较,来验证有限元分析计算结果的准确性。根据理论计算与试验测量数据研究温度应力的分布规律,探索温度应力及温度变形对大型港口机械局部强度的影响,确定温度应力在强度分析中所占的比重,从而评定温度应力对大型港口机械总的机械应力的影响。
The large port crane machinery in the natural environment have been long-term influenced by the temperature stress which is caused by seasonal temperature, sunlight intensity of cycle changes and other factors, the temperature stress of the structure's every side exists certain differences. The parts of the structure will be destroyed when the temperature stress have suffered interaction between the inside constraints and outside constraints of the structure. Strength high position of many port crane are found serious damage in Chinese ports, to a large extent, those destruction are the results of the temperature stress. Therefore, the structural design of the port crane is necessary to consider the impact of temperature, as the basis of its structural design and strength evaluation.
This paper systematically study the calculative theory of large-scale port crane's the temperature field and thermal stress, Use the finite element software ANSYS to mode and analyse the large-scale port crane under the temperature field and temperature stress. Firstly, use the finite element analysis ANSYS software establish large-scale port machinery model, determine the boundary conditions and impose temperature and other load,calculation and analysis distribution of thermal filed for the large port machinery. Secondly, adopt experiment test method through using the large port crane machinery's wireless intelligent monitoring system based on WEB and placing the temperature transducer to test 24-hour temperature field data for the large-scale port machinery. Compare the calculation temperature field measured data with the result using the finite element ANSYS software to analyse and compute, to verify the accuracy of the finite element analysis results. Studying temperature stress distribution according to theoretical calculations and experimental measurements, explore temperature stress and temperature deformation to take effect on the strength of the large port crane machinery, confirm the proportion of temperature stress in the strength analysis and assess temperature stress take effect on large port machinery the total mechanical stress of the large port machinery
本文系统地研究大型港口机械的温度场和温度应力的数值计算理论,并主要通过ANSYS有限元分析软件对大型港口机械的日照温度场和温度应力进行分析研究。首先利用ANSYS有限元分析软件建立大型港口机械模型,确定边界条件,施加温度场及其他载荷,计算分析大型港口机械的温度场分布。其次采用试验的方法,通过布置温度传感器利用基于WEB的大型起重机械结构无线智能监测系统对大型港口机械的温度场数据进行24小时不间断现场实测。将现场实测得到的温度场和利用ANSYS有限元软件分析与计算的结果进行比较,来验证有限元分析计算结果的准确性。根据理论计算与试验测量数据研究温度应力的分布规律,探索温度应力及温度变形对大型港口机械局部强度的影响,确定温度应力在强度分析中所占的比重,从而评定温度应力对大型港口机械总的机械应力的影响。
The large port crane machinery in the natural environment have been long-term influenced by the temperature stress which is caused by seasonal temperature, sunlight intensity of cycle changes and other factors, the temperature stress of the structure's every side exists certain differences. The parts of the structure will be destroyed when the temperature stress have suffered interaction between the inside constraints and outside constraints of the structure. Strength high position of many port crane are found serious damage in Chinese ports, to a large extent, those destruction are the results of the temperature stress. Therefore, the structural design of the port crane is necessary to consider the impact of temperature, as the basis of its structural design and strength evaluation.
This paper systematically study the calculative theory of large-scale port crane's the temperature field and thermal stress, Use the finite element software ANSYS to mode and analyse the large-scale port crane under the temperature field and temperature stress. Firstly, use the finite element analysis ANSYS software establish large-scale port machinery model, determine the boundary conditions and impose temperature and other load,calculation and analysis distribution of thermal filed for the large port machinery. Secondly, adopt experiment test method through using the large port crane machinery's wireless intelligent monitoring system based on WEB and placing the temperature transducer to test 24-hour temperature field data for the large-scale port machinery. Compare the calculation temperature field measured data with the result using the finite element ANSYS software to analyse and compute, to verify the accuracy of the finite element analysis results. Studying temperature stress distribution according to theoretical calculations and experimental measurements, explore temperature stress and temperature deformation to take effect on the strength of the large port crane machinery, confirm the proportion of temperature stress in the strength analysis and assess temperature stress take effect on large port machinery the total mechanical stress of the large port machinery
引文
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[3]付春雨.混凝土梁桥的温度场与温度应力研究：(硕十学位论文).西安：西安交通大学,2006,10.
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[5]樊江,陶燕,王汝鹏.框架结构温度应力、变形计算及构造措施[J].昆明理工大学学报,2007(1)：4-5.
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[7]杜延军,魏卓琦.温度应力对钢筋混凝土结构影响及构造措施[J].辽宁建材,2005：(4)77-78.
[8]薛凯.混凝士结构温度应力理论分析[J].中国高新技术企业,2010(4)：158-159.
[9]黄毅.混凝土连续箱梁日照温度场及温度效应研究(硕士学问论文).武汉：武汉理工大学,2009.
[10]张谢东,张治国.磴口黄河大桥箱梁温度场研究.武汉理大学学报[J]交通科学与程版,2005(6)：392-395.
[11]张朝伟ANSYS 8.0热分析教程与实例解析[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2005：2-12
[12]方志,汪剑.大跨预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥日照温差效应[J].中国公路学报,2007,20(1)：62-67.
[13]巩海帆,高等桥梁结构理论[M].人民交通出版社,2001.
[14]刘兴法.混凝土结构的温度应力分析[M].北京：人民交通出版社,1991.
[15]韩大勇.日照作用下混凝土曲线箱梁温度效应研究(硕士学位论文).北京：北京交通大学,2009,9.
[16]刘晓,季日臣.预应力混凝土箱梁温度应力探讨[J].建筑设计,2005(4)：114-115.
[17]Ning Xiaojun, Cheng Shusen, Xie Ningqiang. Analysis of temperature, stress, and displacement distributions of staves for a blast furnace[J]. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials,2009,16 (5):512-513.
[18]KONG Zhigang, HAN Yafang, LI Shusuo. Effect of anisotropy on microstructure and high temperature stress rupture properties of Ni3Al base single crystal alloy[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Soctiety of china.2006,16:1892-1896.
[19]李黎民ANSYS有限元分析实用教程[M].北京：清华人学出版社,2005.
[20]张洪信.有限元基础理论与ANSYS应用[M].机械工业出版社.2005：1-3.
[21]Huo Kaicheng, Shui Zhonghe, Li Yue. Determination of the Thermal Expansion Coefficient of Concrete at Early Ages by Using Temperature-stress Testing Machin[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater.Sci. Ed,2006,11(6):147-148.
[22]Zhang Junying, Zhang Zhong, Sun Jisheng, Liu Xiaofang, Tian Wei. Effect of Heat Treatment on High Temperature Stress Rupture Strength of Brazing Seam for Nickel-base Superauoy[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2001,8(2):123-125.
[23]秦煜.混凝土连续箱梁桥温度效应分析：[硕士学位论文).西安：长安大学硕士学位论文,2009,6.
[24]李全林.日照下混凝土箱梁温度场和温度应力研究(硕十学位论文).长沙：湖南大学,2004,5.
[25]魏光坪.单室预应力混凝土箱梁温度场及温度应力研究.西南交通大学学报,1989(4).
[26]李前名,宋艳丽.预应力混凝土箱梁桥温度应力的有限元分析[J].四川建筑,2005(4)：53-54.
[27]杨继.斜拉桥箱梁温度场及温度效应的研究[J].长沙理工大学,2007,4.
[28]Min Feng, Hanbin Xiao, Zhengyan Zhang, Mechanical stress analysis of port crane based on the condition of temperature field [J].2010 The 2nd International Conference on Industrial Mechatronics and Automation (ICIMA 2010).
[29]Lian Jijian, Yu Gang, Wang Haijun.Influence of changing temperature on reinforcing bars of spiral casing structure in a hydropower station[J]. Journal of Tianjin University Science and Technology.2006,39(8):957-962.
[30]陈军毅.超长混凝土结构的温度应力分析与控制技术研究(硕士学位论文).浙江：浙江大学,2006,2.
[31]胡新萍,孟胜国.混凝土结构中关于温度应力分析[J].山西建筑,2006(3)：83-84.
[32]刘来君,贺拴海,宋一凡.大跨径桥梁施工控制温度应力分析[J].中国公路学报,2004(1)：53-54.
[33]Qu Lijun,Li Huanqun,WangYueqin,Zhang Hui,Bao Yanqing. Strain-temperature-stress material model of Q345 (16Mn) steel under elevated temperature and constant loading[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal,2008,41(7):41-47.
[34]毛松鹤,季日臣,范琴锋,王丽.混凝土连续梁箱形输水桥日照温度应力分析[J].兰州交通大学学报.2007(6)：84-85.
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