面向电子商务税收征管的移动Agent信任模型及其应用研究
|
摘要
随着现代信息技术迅速普及和发展，以Internet为载体、以交易双方为主体、以银行电子支付和结算为手段、以客户数据为依托的全新的商务模式——电子商务，正以其无可比拟的优势和不可逆转的趋势，改变着传统商务活动的运作模式。它的产生和发展对传统的税收制度及其管理手段提出了新的要求，既给税务部门提出了挑战，又带来了新的发展机遇。电子商务环境下的税收问题已成为世界各国研究的热点问题。
从技术角度，阐述了电子商务对传统税收征管体制的影响，总结和分析了从传统三层结构的电子商务模式到具有智能性的移动Agent技术的电子商务模式发展演变过程，分析了基于移动Agent电子商务系统面临的安全信任问题。
信任问题研究为解决电子商务应用系统交易安全风险控制提供了新的思路。将电子商务的税收问题与安全信任问题结合起来进行深入探索，建立合适的信任机制能够帮助交易者在交易之前预测对方的可靠性，从而降低交易涉及的风险性，在一定程度上起到了保障电子商务交易安全的作用，对纳税人自觉依法纳税也起到了一个很好的监督和评价作用。
通过深入研究了信任关系的动态特性和信任模型的抗攻击能力等关键问题，提出了一种面向移动Agent的电子商务税收征管的信任模型AgentRep。该模型通过较全面地引入影响信任度的因素来提高信任评估的准确性，能够有效剔除无用的或者欺骗性的推荐信息；提出了改进的向量相似度的方法来度量并动态更新推荐者的可信度：引入了短期信誉和惩罚因子概念，并对其计算方法进行了改进，提高了其抗攻击的能力。
通过仿真实验对所提出的信任模型进行验证和性能分析，结果表明AgentRep能动态的评估系统节点的信任度，并具有抑制诸如诋毁和策略攻击等各类攻击的有效性和健壮性。
以WEB服务器所在地为常设机构，采用价税分离原理，以电子发票和电子税票为核心，对电子发票和电子税票在传输、存储、归档、销毁、管理等环节进行了深入研究，提出并建立了两票管理中心作为网络环境下的税收管理权威机构，并对两票管理中心的职能及其运作模式进行了讨论。构建了基于移动Agent动态信任模型AgentRep的电子商务税收征管系统体系结构，给出了其详细设计。
最后，实现了该信任模型AgentRep的具体算法，并在IBM的Aglet平台下设计和实现基于移动Agent动态信任模型AgentRep的电子商务税收征管系统原型，同时利用该原型系统对电子商务征税流程进行了实验分析。
实现的结果表明：此模型实现了电子商务的交易实体间的信任、实体间的交易以及征税的集成处理。它提供了一种解决现有电子商务的征税处理问题和安全信任问题的有效方法，对整个税务系统的电子商务税收征管提供了一些可借鉴的思路，同时对传统商务的税收征管改革也具有积极意义。
With the rapid development of modern information technology (especially Internet), data exchange and information process has broken through the constraints of time and space, network and globalization are inevitable trends. E-commerce is a novel business mode that is based on Internet, two trade parties, electronic payment and clients' data. The tremendous development of E-Commerce has caused the revolutionization of the traditional trade. Under E-Commerce application environment, some new requirements have been put forward on the traditional taxation system and management mode, which is a challenge for taxation divisions as well as a chance. The taxation issues of E-Commerce have become a hotspot all over the world.
On the viewpoint of E-Commerce technology, the impacts on the traditional taxation systems are discussed in detail. The development process, from the 3-tier E-Commerce mode to the mobile agent E-Commerce mode, is analysed. In addition, the security trust issues are concluded for the E-Commerce systems based on mobile agent.
The traditional security mechanisms can not applied in the third generation E-Commerce systems due to their anonymity and dynamic. The research on trust issues is a good way to solve the security of the E-Commerce systems. Combining the taxation issues and the securiy trust issues, a trust mechanism can be built to improve the availability of the transactions, reduce the risk of the transactions, supervise and evaluate the taxpayers.
By analyzing the requirements of trust management in Internet applications and some limitations of existing work, a new trust model "AgentRep" based on the reputation is proposed, which will be applied into the mobile Agent-based e-commerce system. This model integrates a direct reputation and a recommend reputation together to asses each node a trustworthiness value; also a simple recommendation information pretreatment way is given, which can effectively release the unwanted or deceptive information from all the recommendations. Also, each recommenders are assessed a value as the recommend credibility, which is updated by comparing the similarity of two vectors. In addition, we amend the short term reputation and penalty factor metric to make our mechanism effective in detecting malicious agents with strategic behavior.
Experiments have been made on the simulation platform for e-commerce transactions to verify and analysis the trust model's performance. The results show that AgentRep can inhibit attacks such as slander and attack strategies. It has validity and robustness.
The Electronic Invoice and the Electronic Tax Voucher are presented by means of the price-tax separation principle and acting the Web servers as Permanent establishment. The management center of two-tickets is designated as the taxation management department, and the functions and running model of the management center are discussed as well. The architecture of the E-Commerce taxation system based on AgentRep is not only constructed, but also designed in detailed.
Different mobile agent platforms are compared and analyzed. Aglet provided by IBM is chosen as our experiment development platform. By means of the development tool-MyEclipse and database tool-Microsoft SQL Server 2000, the taxation simulation system based on AgentRep under E-Commerce is implemented using Java language under Aglet. Finally, some simulation experiments are done as well.
The experiment result indicates: the model has achieved integration management of trade and taxation under E-Commerce. Once the payment transaction of the seller is accomplished, taxation will occur. The taxation process is implemented by the movement of the taxation agent between the bank platform and the taxation platform, and relevant service programs. The simulation system can respond to effective requests and give prompt to some relevant mistakes. It has provided an effective method to solve the problem of taxation under E-Commerce, which has a positive sense to the taxation innovation under traditional commerce.
从技术角度，阐述了电子商务对传统税收征管体制的影响，总结和分析了从传统三层结构的电子商务模式到具有智能性的移动Agent技术的电子商务模式发展演变过程，分析了基于移动Agent电子商务系统面临的安全信任问题。
信任问题研究为解决电子商务应用系统交易安全风险控制提供了新的思路。将电子商务的税收问题与安全信任问题结合起来进行深入探索，建立合适的信任机制能够帮助交易者在交易之前预测对方的可靠性，从而降低交易涉及的风险性，在一定程度上起到了保障电子商务交易安全的作用，对纳税人自觉依法纳税也起到了一个很好的监督和评价作用。
通过深入研究了信任关系的动态特性和信任模型的抗攻击能力等关键问题，提出了一种面向移动Agent的电子商务税收征管的信任模型AgentRep。该模型通过较全面地引入影响信任度的因素来提高信任评估的准确性，能够有效剔除无用的或者欺骗性的推荐信息；提出了改进的向量相似度的方法来度量并动态更新推荐者的可信度：引入了短期信誉和惩罚因子概念，并对其计算方法进行了改进，提高了其抗攻击的能力。
通过仿真实验对所提出的信任模型进行验证和性能分析，结果表明AgentRep能动态的评估系统节点的信任度，并具有抑制诸如诋毁和策略攻击等各类攻击的有效性和健壮性。
以WEB服务器所在地为常设机构，采用价税分离原理，以电子发票和电子税票为核心，对电子发票和电子税票在传输、存储、归档、销毁、管理等环节进行了深入研究，提出并建立了两票管理中心作为网络环境下的税收管理权威机构，并对两票管理中心的职能及其运作模式进行了讨论。构建了基于移动Agent动态信任模型AgentRep的电子商务税收征管系统体系结构，给出了其详细设计。
最后，实现了该信任模型AgentRep的具体算法，并在IBM的Aglet平台下设计和实现基于移动Agent动态信任模型AgentRep的电子商务税收征管系统原型，同时利用该原型系统对电子商务征税流程进行了实验分析。
实现的结果表明：此模型实现了电子商务的交易实体间的信任、实体间的交易以及征税的集成处理。它提供了一种解决现有电子商务的征税处理问题和安全信任问题的有效方法，对整个税务系统的电子商务税收征管提供了一些可借鉴的思路，同时对传统商务的税收征管改革也具有积极意义。
With the rapid development of modern information technology (especially Internet), data exchange and information process has broken through the constraints of time and space, network and globalization are inevitable trends. E-commerce is a novel business mode that is based on Internet, two trade parties, electronic payment and clients' data. The tremendous development of E-Commerce has caused the revolutionization of the traditional trade. Under E-Commerce application environment, some new requirements have been put forward on the traditional taxation system and management mode, which is a challenge for taxation divisions as well as a chance. The taxation issues of E-Commerce have become a hotspot all over the world.
On the viewpoint of E-Commerce technology, the impacts on the traditional taxation systems are discussed in detail. The development process, from the 3-tier E-Commerce mode to the mobile agent E-Commerce mode, is analysed. In addition, the security trust issues are concluded for the E-Commerce systems based on mobile agent.
The traditional security mechanisms can not applied in the third generation E-Commerce systems due to their anonymity and dynamic. The research on trust issues is a good way to solve the security of the E-Commerce systems. Combining the taxation issues and the securiy trust issues, a trust mechanism can be built to improve the availability of the transactions, reduce the risk of the transactions, supervise and evaluate the taxpayers.
By analyzing the requirements of trust management in Internet applications and some limitations of existing work, a new trust model "AgentRep" based on the reputation is proposed, which will be applied into the mobile Agent-based e-commerce system. This model integrates a direct reputation and a recommend reputation together to asses each node a trustworthiness value; also a simple recommendation information pretreatment way is given, which can effectively release the unwanted or deceptive information from all the recommendations. Also, each recommenders are assessed a value as the recommend credibility, which is updated by comparing the similarity of two vectors. In addition, we amend the short term reputation and penalty factor metric to make our mechanism effective in detecting malicious agents with strategic behavior.
Experiments have been made on the simulation platform for e-commerce transactions to verify and analysis the trust model's performance. The results show that AgentRep can inhibit attacks such as slander and attack strategies. It has validity and robustness.
The Electronic Invoice and the Electronic Tax Voucher are presented by means of the price-tax separation principle and acting the Web servers as Permanent establishment. The management center of two-tickets is designated as the taxation management department, and the functions and running model of the management center are discussed as well. The architecture of the E-Commerce taxation system based on AgentRep is not only constructed, but also designed in detailed.
Different mobile agent platforms are compared and analyzed. Aglet provided by IBM is chosen as our experiment development platform. By means of the development tool-MyEclipse and database tool-Microsoft SQL Server 2000, the taxation simulation system based on AgentRep under E-Commerce is implemented using Java language under Aglet. Finally, some simulation experiments are done as well.
The experiment result indicates: the model has achieved integration management of trade and taxation under E-Commerce. Once the payment transaction of the seller is accomplished, taxation will occur. The taxation process is implemented by the movement of the taxation agent between the bank platform and the taxation platform, and relevant service programs. The simulation system can respond to effective requests and give prompt to some relevant mistakes. It has provided an effective method to solve the problem of taxation under E-Commerce, which has a positive sense to the taxation innovation under traditional commerce.
引文
[1] 阮京文．艾瑞咨询互联网行业调查报告．2009中国互联网年度高峰会议，北京，2009．3．29
[2] 国家税务总局中国民用航空总局关于试行民航电子客票报销凭证有关问题的通知．国税发[2006]39号，2006．03．15
[3] Jane Frecknall Hughes, Keith Glaister. Electronic Commerce and International Taxation. European Management Journal, 2001, 19(6): 651-658
[4] Markus Mueller. Regulatory Competition and E-Commerce. In: Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce, Sep 30-Oct 3 2003, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. ACM Press, 2003, 5:398-403
[5] Roland Paris. The Globalization of Taxation? Electronic Commerce and the Transformation of the State. International Studies Quarterly, 2003, 47:153-182
[6] R. Jones, S. Basu. Taxation of Electronic Commerce: A Developing Problem. International Review of Law Computers &Technology, 2002, 16(1): 35-52
[7] Robert Feinschreiber, Margaret Kent. E-Commerce and Foreign Retail Distribution Activities: Overlooked Tax Benefits. Journal of International Taxation. Boston: Mar 2005, 16(3): 30-36
[8] S. Basu. To Tax or not to Tax? That is the Question? Overview of Options in Consumption Taxation of E-Commerce. Journal of Information Law & Technology, 2004, 1: 25-36
[9] Bruce Donald, Fox William, Murray Matthew. To Tax or not to Tax? The Case of Electronic Commerce. Contemporary Economic Policy, 2003, 21 (1): 25-41
[10] James G S Yang, Wing W Poon. To Tax or not to Tax: Tax Freedom or Free Ride? Strategic Finance, 2001, 83(2): 44-49
[11] Annette Nellen. Overview to E-Commerce Taxation--Guide to Understanding the Current Discussions and Debates. July, 2003
[12] E. Fridenskold. VAT and the Internet: the Application of Consumption Taxes to E-Commerce Transactions. Information & Communications Technology Law, June 2004, 13(2): 175-203
[13] CSPP. Advancing Global Electronic Commerce: Technology Solutions to Public Policy Challenges, 2003
[14] OECD. Taxation and Electronic Commerce: Implementation of the Ottawa Taxation Framework Conditions - 2003 Report
[15] Janet Novack. Internet Taxes, On the Way? E-Commerce Times, February 6, 2004
[16] Barrett Brooks. E-Commerce and State Sales Tax. Journal of State Taxation. Riverwoods: Summer 2005, 24(1): 47-55
[17] The Sales Tax Clearinghouse Inc.. Streamlined Sales Tax System for the 21st Century. http://www.streamlinedsalestax.org/.2006.1.30
[18] 方卫平，黄琼．税收电子化．上海：上海财经大学出版社，2003：16-23
[19] United Nation Development Programme. Human Rights Development Report, 1999.http://hdr.undp.org/reports/global/1999/en/pdf/hdr_1999_full.pdf
[20] Carnaghan Carla, Downer Pauline and Klassen Ken. E-Commerce and Tax Planning: Canadian Experiences. Canadian Accounting Perspectives, 2004, 3(2): 261-287
[21] Piotr Stolarski, Tadeusz Tomaszewski. Legal Framework For Ecommerce Tax Analysis. In Luis M. Camarinha-Matos, Willy Picard, eds. Pervasive Collaborative Networks, in IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, Volume 283; Boston: Springer, 2008:441-448
[22] Kunal Gangakhedka. Taxation of E-Commerce. IETE Technical Review (Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers, India), July 2000, 17(4): 221-228
[23] G. Kortenaar, Chr. Spanjersberg. Taxation and E-Commerce: Dutch Tax Policy Implications. Intertax, 1999, 27(5): 180-187
[24] David Hardesty. E-Commerce Taxation around the World. E-Commerce Times, November 24, 2002
[25] 陈黛斐．电子商务对税收征管的挑战．税务研究，2001，(2)：64-66
[26] Choi, Yeong C., Hi-youl Suh. A Taxation Model: the Korean Value Added Tax on Electronic Commerce. Review of Business, Spring 2004, 25(2): 43-50
[27] 张凤玲，岑磊．电子商务环境下的税收征管模式．商场现代化，2005，11：249-250
[28] 周峰，王晓琳，曾广周．一种电子商务税收征管系统模型的研究．山东师范大学学报(自然科学版)，2003，18(4)：23-26
[29] 赵丽华．基于电子商务的税收征管新模式的构建．财会月刊(综合)，2005，8：21-22
[30] 马秀鹏．构筑与网络交易相适应的税收体制．经济探讨，2004，8(9)：63-65
[31] 江涛．EC模式下的税收稽查问题分析与探讨．经济与社会发展，2004，2(9)：9-11．100
[32] Lu-ming Yang, Xiaoling Li and Jian Liang. The Establishment of the Tax System under the E-commerce Environment. In: Proceedings of the 2008 International Seminar on Future Information Technology and Management Engineering, Nov. 2008 IEEE Computer Society, 2008:128-132
[33] 甘早斌．基于移动Agent的电子商务税收征管系统理论和方法研究．博士后出站报告，华中科技大学，2006．10
[34] 杨坚争，杨晨光，罗来兴．电子商务基础与应用．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社，1998：3-20
[35] Paul Timmers. Business Model for Electronic Markets. Electronic Markets Journal, 1998, 8(2): 3-8
[36] 刘大有，杨鲲，陈建中．Agent研究现状与发展趋势．软件学报，2000，11(3)：31-37
[37] Lange D, Oshima M. Seven Good Reasons for Mobile Agents. Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery, 1999, 42(3): 88-89
[38] Anthony Chavez, Pattie Maes. Kasbah: An Agent Marketplace for Buying and Selling Goods. In Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Practical Application of Intelligent Agents and Multi-Agent Technology, 1996: 75-90
[39] Maksim Tsvetovatyy, Maria Gini, Bamshad Mobasher, Zbigniew Wieckowski. MAGMA: An Agent-Based Virtual Market for Electronic Commerce. Journal of Applied Artificial intelligence, 1997, 11(6): 5-12
[40] Menelaos K. Perdikeas, Fotis G Chatzipapadopoulos and Iakovos S. Venieris, et al. Mobile Agent Standards and Available Platforms. Computer Networks, 1999, 31(19): 1999-2016
[41] A. Puliafito, O. Tomarchio. Using Mobile Agents to Implement Flexible Network Management Strategies. Computer Communications, 2000, 23 (3): 708-719
[42] Roth. V, Jalali. M, Hartmann. R, Roland. C. An Application of Mobile Agents as Personal Assistants in Electronic Commerce, In: Proceedings of the 5th Conference on the Practical Application of Intelligent Agents and Multi-Agents (PAAM 2000), April, 2000. 21-32
[43] J. M. Tenenbaum, T. S. Chowdhry and K. Hughes. Eco System: an Internet Commerce Architecture. Computer, 1997, 30(5): 48-55
[44] Prithviraj. Dasgupta. Mobile software agent enabled e-commerce: System design and profit maximizing algorithms. University of California, Ph. D Thesis, 2001
[45] P. Dasgupta, N. Narasimhan and L. E. Moser, et al. MAgNET. Mobile Agents for Networked Electronic Trading, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 1999, 11(4): 509-525
[46] R. Kowalczyk, B. Franczyk and A. Speck, et al. InterMarket - towards Intelligent Mobile Agent E-Marketplaces. In: Proceedings of the Ninth Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer-Based Systems, 8-11 April, 2002. IEEE Computer Society Press, 2002: 268-275
[47] Yan Wang, Kian-Lee Tan, Jian Ren. PumaMart: A Parallel and Autonomous Agents Based Internet Marketplace, Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, Elsevier Science, 2004, 3(3): 294-310
[48] Hui Chen, Perry P. Y. Lam and Henry C. B. Chan, et al. Business-to-Consumer Mobile Agent-Based Internet Commerce System (MAGICS). IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics-Part C: Applications and Reviews, 2007, 37(6): 1174-1189
[49] Lee Tzong-Ru, Li Jan-Mou. Key Factors in Forming an E-Marketplace: An Empirical Analysis. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 2006, 5(2): 105-116
[50] M. T. Tu, C. Seebode and F. Griffel et al. DynamiCS: An Actor-Based Framework for Negotiating Mobile Agents. Electronic Commerce Research, 2001, 1(1-2): 101-117
[51] T. Skylogiannis, G Antoniou and N. Bassiliades, et al. DR-NEGOTIATE - A System for Automated Agent Negotiation with Defeasible Logic-based Strategies. In: Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Conference on e-Technology, e-Commerce and e-Service, IEEE Computer Society Press, 2005: 44-49
[52] Kwang Mong Sim, Shi Yu Wang. Flexible Negotiation Agent with Relaxed Decision Rules. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part B. June 2004, 34(3): 1602-1608
[53] B(?)jar, J. and J. A. Rodr(?)guez-Aguilar. To Bid or Not To Bid Agent Strategies in Electronic Auction Games. Springer-Verlag, LNCS 2003. 2001
[54] Kate Larson, Tuomas Sandholm. Designing Auctions for Deliberative Agents. Springer-Verlag, LNCS 3435. 2006: 87-100
[55] G. Karjoth, D. Lange, M. Shim. A Security Model for Aglets, IEEE Internet Computing, 1997, 1(4): 68-77
[56] Niklas Borselius. Mobile Agent Security. Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal, 2002, 14(5): 211-218
[57] Lotfi Benachenhou, Samuel Pierre. Protection of a Mobile Agent with a Reference Clone. Computer Communications, 2006, 29(2): 268-278
[58] Tianhan Wang, Sheng-Uei Guan, Tai Khoon Chan. Integrity Protection for Code-on-Demand Mobile Agents in E-Commerce. The Journal of Systems and Software, 2002, 60: 211-221
[59] W. Jansen, T. Karygiannis. NIST Special Publications 800-19: Mobile Agent Security. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Tech Rep: MD208999, 1999
[60] R. Wahbe, S. Lucco and T. E Anderson. Efficient Software-based Fault Isolation. In: Proceedings of the Fourteenth ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, New York: ACM, 1993: 203-216
[61] J. K. Ousterhout. Scripting: Higher-level Programming for the 21st Century. IEEE Computer, 1998, 31(3): 23-30
[62] G. C. Necula, P. Lee. Safe Kernel Extensions without Run-time Checking. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Symposium on Operating System Design and Implementation, Berkeley: USENIX, 1996: 229-243
[63] N. Islam, T. Jaeger and J. R Rao. A Flexible Security System for Using Internet Content. IEEE Software, 1997, 14(5): 52-59
[64] D. Chess, B. Grosof. Itinerant Agents for Mobile Computing. IEEE Personal Communications, 1995, 2(5): 34-49
[65] F. Hohl, K. Rothermel. A Protocol Preventing Black box Tests of Mobile Agents. In: Proceedings of ITG/VDE Fachtagung Kommunikation in Verteilten Systemen (KIVS'99), Springer-Verlag, 1999: 170-181
[66] L. M. Silva, G. Soares and P. Martins, et al. Comparing the Performance of Mobile Agent Systems: a Study of Benchmarking. Computer Communications, 2000, 23: 769-778
[67] 高全泉. 关于人工智能技术在 Internet 上的应用与发展. 计算机科学, 2000, 27(6): 13-16
[68] B. Yee. A Sanctuary for Mobile Agents. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop (MOS '98), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1999: 261-273
[69] J. Riordan, B. Schneier. Environmental Key Generation towards Clueless Agents. In: Proceedings of the Mobile Agents and Security. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1998: 15-24
[70] V Roth, C Jensen. Mutual Protection of Co-operating Agents. In: Proceedings of the Secure Internet Programming: Security Issues for Mobile and Distributed Objects, Brussels: Springer-Verlag, 1998: 277-290
[71] U. G. Wilhelm, Stannmann. Protecting the Itinerary of Mobile Agents. In: Proceedings of the ECOOP Workshop on Mobile Object Systems: Secure Internet Mobile Computations, INRIA, Franc: 1998: 135-145
[72] U. G Wilhelm, S. Staamann. Introducing Trusted Third Parties to the Mobile Agent Paradigm. In: Proceedings of the Secure Internet Programming, New York, USA: Springer-Verlag, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1999: 469-492
[73] F. Andrade, P. Novais, and J. Machado, et al. Software Agents in Virtual Organizations: Good Faith and Trust. In Luis M. Camarinha-Matos, Willy Picard, eds., Pervasive Collaborative Networks in IFIP International Federation for Information Processing Volume 283, Boston: Springer, 2008: 389-396
[74] Croatia Zagreb. A New Concept of Trust Modeling and Management in Complex Networks. In: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 2008, 5177: 237-244
[75] J. A. Golbeck. Computing and Applying Trust in Web-based Social Networks. PhD Dissertation, University of Maryland, 2005
[76] L. T. Hosmer. Trust: the Connection Link between Organizational Theory and Philosophical Ethics. Academy of Management Review, 1995, 20(2): 379-403
[77] Jie Zhang, Robin Cohen and Kate Larson. A Trust-Based Incentive Mechanism for E-Marketplaces. Trust in Agent Societies. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 5396,2008: 135-161
[78] R. C. Mayer, J. H. Davis. An Integrative Model of Organizational Trust. Academy of Management Review, 1995, 20(3): 709-734
[79] S. Marsh. Formalising Trust as a Computational Concept [Ph. D. dissertation]. University of Stirling, Scotland, 1994
[80] A. Abdul-Rahman, S. Halles. A Distributed Trust Model. In: Proceedings of the New Security Paradigms Workshop, Cumbria, UK, 1997. ACM Press, 1997: 48-60
[81] A. Abdul-Rahman, S. Halles. Supporting Trust in Virtual Communities. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Maui, Hawaii, 2000: 4-7
[82] C. M. Jonker and J. Treur. Formal Analysis of Models for the Dynamics of Trust Based on Experiences. In: Proceedings of the 9th European Workshop on Modelling Autonomous Agents in a Multi-Agent World: Multi-Agent System Engineering, LNCS 1647, 1999: 221-231
[83] M. Blaze, J. Feigenbaum, and J. Lacy. Decentralized trust management. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1996: 164-173
[84] Miklos Nagy, Maria Vargas-Vera and Enrico Motta. Multi-Agent Conflict Resolution with Trust for Ontology Mapping. In: Badica C., Mangioni G., Carchiolo V. and Burdescu D. (Eds). Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Intelligent Distributed Computing - IDC'2008, Catania, Italy, 18-20 September 2008. Springer Verlag, SCI 162, 2008: 275-280
[85] I. Macinnes, P. Li, W. Yurcik. Reputation and Dispute in eBay Transactions. International Journal of Electronic Connerce, 2005:27-30
[86] Karl Aberer, Zoran Despotovic. Managing Trust in a Peer-to-Peer Information System. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, New York, USA, 2001: 310-317
[87] Li Xiong and Ling Liu. PeerTrust: Supporting Reputation based Trust in P2P Communities. IEEE Transactions on Data and Knowledge Engineering, Special Issue on P2P Based Data Management, 2004, 16(7): 843-857
[88] Y. Wang, J. Vassileva. Bayesian Network Based Trust Model. In: Proceedings of the IEEE / WIC International Conference on Web Intelligence, Halifax, Canada, 2003:372-378
[89] E. Damiani, S. De Capitani di Vimercati and S. Paraboschi, et al. Managing and Sharing Servents' Reputations in P2P systems. IEEE Transactions on Data and Knowledge Engineering, 2003, 15(4): 840-854
[90] S. Song, K. Hwang and R. Zhou, et al. Trusted P2P Transactions with Fuzzy Reputation Aggregation. IEEE Internet Computing, 2005, 9(6): 24-34
[91] Ruben Stranders, Mathijs de Weerdt, and Cees Witteveen. Fuzzy Argumentation for Trust. In: F. Sadri and K. Satoh (Eds.): Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems, CLIMA Ⅷ, Porto, Portugal, September 10-11, 2007. Lecture Notes In Artificial Intelligence 5056, 2008:214-230
[92] 严中华，关士续，米加宁．B2C电子商务信任实证研究的现状与思考．软科学，2005，19(2)：43-45
[93] 田博，覃正．B2C电子商务中基于D2S证据融合理论的推荐信任评价模型．管理科学，2008，21(5)：98-104
[94] 窦文，王怀民，贾焰，et al．构造基于推荐的P2P环境下的Trust模型．软件学报，2004，15(4)：571-583
[95] 徐锋，吕建，郑玮，等．一个软件服务协同中信任评估模型的设计．软件学报，2003，14(6)：1043-1051
[96] 姜守旭，李建中．一种P2P电子商务系统中基于声誉的信任机制．软件学报，2007，18(10)：2551-2563
[97] 吴鹏，吴国新，方群．一种基于概率统计方法的P2P系统信任评价模型．计算机研究与发展，2008，45(3)：408-416
[98] Mudhakar Srivatsa, Li Xiong, Ling Liu. TrustGuard: Countering Vulnerabilities in Reputation Management for Decentralized Overlay Networks. In: Proceedings of the 14th World Wide Web Conference, Chiba, Japan, 2005:422-431
[99] Leitao Guo, Shoubao Yang and Jing Wang, et al. Trust Model Based on Similarity Measure of Vectors in P2P Networks. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing, Beijing, China, LNCS 3795, 2005:836-847
[100] B. Yu, M. P. Singh, K. Sycara. Developing Trust in Large Scale Peer to Peer Systems. In: Proceedings of the 1st IEEE Symposium on Multi Agent Security and Survivability, Philadelphia, 2004, 1-10
[101] C. Duma, N. Shahmehri, G. Caronni. Dynamic Trust Metrics for Peer-to-Peer Systems. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on P2P Data Management, Security and Trust, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2005:776-781
[102] 常俊胜，王怀民，尹刚．DyTrust：一种P2P系统种基于时间帧的动态信任模型．计算机学报，2006，29(8)：1301-1307
[103] Maria Fasli. On Agent Technology for E-Commerce: Trust, Security and Legal Issues. The Knowledge Engineering Review, 2007, 22(1): 3-35
[104] Shuliang Zhao, Haifeng Liu and Zhaohao Sun. Scalable Trust in Multi-agent E-commerce System. In: Proceedings of the 2008 International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security, Aug. 2008, IEEE Computer Society, 2008: 990-993
[105] PStefan Schmidt, PRobert Steele and PTharam S. Dillon, et al. Fuzzy Trust Evaluation and Credibility Development in Multi-Agent Systems. Journal of Applied Soft Computing, 2007, 7(2): 492-505
[106] Jie Zhang, Ali A. Ghorbani and Robin Cohen. A Familiarity-Based Trust Model for Effective Selection of Sellers in Multi-Agent E-Commerce Systems. International Journal of Information Security, 2007, 6(5): 333-344
[107] Omid Roozmand, Mohammad Ali Nematbakhsh and Ahmad Baraani. An electronic marketplace based on reputation and learning. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 2007, 2(1): 1-17
[108] S. Kamvar, M. Schlosser. The EigenTrust Algorithm for Reputation Management in P2P Networks. In: Proceedings of WWW, Budapest, Hungary: ACM Press, 2003. 123-134
[109] Thomas Tran. Protecting Buying Agents in E-Marketplaces by Direct Experience Trust Modeling. Knowledge and Information Systems, 2009, 1: 1-36
[110] W. Dou, H. M. Wang, P. Zou. A Recommendation-Based Peer-to-Peer Trust Model. Journal of Software, 2004, 15(4): 571-583
[111] E. Aarts, R. Collier and E. van Loenen, et al.: Ambient Intelligence. In: Proceedings of the First European Symposium, EUSAI 2003. LNCS, vol. 2875, Springer, Heidelberg, 2003: 432
[112] Riva, G., Vatalaro, F., Davide, F., Alca(?)iz, M. (eds.): Ambient Intelligence. IOS Press, Amsterdam, 2005
[113] John Debenham and Carles Sierra. A Map of Trust between Trading Partners. Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Digital Business S. M. Furnell, S. K. Katsikas, and A. Lioy (Eds.): TrustBus 2008, Lecture Notes In Computer Science; Vol. 5185 5185, 2008: 8-17
[114] Frank Edward Walter, Stefano Battiston and Frank Schweitzer. A model of a trust-based recommendation system on a social network. Auton. Agent Multi-Agent Syst., 2008, 16: 57-74
[115] S. Marsh. Formalizing Trust as a Computational Concept. PhD Dissertation, Scotland, University of Stirling, 1994
[116] M. Blaze, J. Feigenbaum, J. Lacy. Decentralized Trust Management. In: Proceedings of the 17th Symposium on Security and Privacy. Oakland: CA. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1996. 164-173
[117] A. Rahman, S. Hades. Using Recommendations for Managing Trust in Distributed Systems. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Malaysia International Conference on Communication, 1997. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: IEEE Press, 1997
[118] A. Rahman, S. Hailes. Supporting Trust in Virtual Communities. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Washington, DC, USA: IEEE computer society, 2000, 6: 6007
[119] Ian Machines, Yifan Li, and William Yurcik. Reputation and Dispute in eBay Transactions. International Journal of Electronic Connerce, 2005, 10(1): 27-54
[120] K. W. Dickson, C. Leung, K. Lam. Making Personalized Recommendations to Customers in a Service-oriented Economy: A Quantitative Model Based on Reputation and Risk Attitude. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Electronic Commerce. Xi'an, China: ACM Press, 2005: 210-216
[121] J. C Elizabeth, F. K. Hussain, S. D. Tharam. Fuzzy Nature of Trust and Dynamic Trust Modeling in Service Oriented Environments. In: Proceedings of the 2005 Workshop on Secure Web Services. Farifax, USA: ACM Press, 2005: 75-83
[122] L. Xiong, L. Liu. PeerTrust: Supporting Reputation-Based Trust for Peer-to-Peer Electronic Communities. IEEE Trans. on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 2004, 7(16): 843-857
[123] D. Gambetta. Can we trust? Trust: Making and Breaking Cooperative Relations, Basil Blackwell, 1988: 213-237
[124] L. Mui. Computational Models of Trust and Reputation: Agents, Evolutionary Games, and Social Networks. PhD Dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technoligy, 2003
[125] Y. Wang, J. Vassileva. Trust and Reputation Model in Agent-to-Agent Networks. In: Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing, 2003. Washington, DC: IEEE Computer Society, 2003: 150-157
[126] C. Elizabeth, K. H. Farookh. Trust and Reputation Relationships in Service-Oriented Environments. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Information Technology and Applications, 2005. NY Washington: IEEE Computer Society, 2005, 2: 4-14
[127] L. Guo, S. Yang. Trust Model Based on Similarity Measure of Vector in P2P Networks Grid and Cooperative Computing-GCC. Heidelberg Berlin: Springer Press, 2005, 3795: 836-847.
[128] Audun J(?)sang. Trust and Reputation Systems. A. Aldini and R. Gorrieri (Eds.): Foundations of Security Analysis and Design Ⅳ, FOSAD 2006/2007, LNCS 4677, 2007: 209-245
[129] X. Wang, P. Liang, H. Ma. A P2P Trust Model Based on Multi-Dimensional Trust Evaluation. Bio-Inspired Computational Intelligence and Applications. Heidelberg Berlin: Springer Press, 2007, 4688: 347-356
[130] G. Nathan. Task Delegation using Experience Based Multi-Dimensional Trust. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, 2005. Netherlands: ACM Press, 2005: 489-496
[131] N. Griffiths, K. M. Chao, M. Younas. Fuzzy Trust for Peer-to-Peer Systems. In: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops. Washington, DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society Press, 2006: 73
[132] S. Reece, A. Rogers, S. Roberts. Rumours and Reputation: Evaluating Multi-Dimensional Trust within a Decentralised Reputation System. In: The 6th International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, Honolulu, USA: ACM Press, 2007. 1-8
[133] 张骞，张霞，文学志等．Peer-to-Peer环境下多粒度Trust模型构造．软件学报，2006，17(1)：96-107
[134] Steven Reece, Stephen Roberts. A Multi-Dimensional Trust Model for Heterogeneous Contract Observations. In: Proceedings of the 22th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Vancouver, Canada, 2007. London: AAAI Press, 2007, 1:128-135
[135] Zaobin Gan, Yijie Li, Guoqiang Xiao and Dengwen Wei. A Novel Reputation Computing Model for Mobile Agent-Based E-Commerce Systems. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Information Security and Assurance, Busan, South Korea, Apr. 24-26, 2008. IEEE Computer Society Press, 2008:253-260
[136] B. Miztal. Trust in Modem Societies. MA Dissertation, Cambridge, Polity Press, 1996
[137] J. Sabater, C. Sierra. REGRET: Reputation in Gregarious Societies. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Autonomous Agents. New York, USA: ACM Press, 2001:194-195
[138] Dengwen Wei, Zaobin Gan and Jinlong Zhang. A Mobile-Agent-Based E-Commerce Taxation Model. In: Proc. of the International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security, Guangzhou, China, Nov. 3-6, 2006, IEEE Computer Society Press. 2006:868-871
[139] Mika(e｜¨)l Marche and Yves-Marie Quemener. A Model for Conformance Testing of Mobile Agents in a MASIF Framework. Berlin: Springer-lag, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2699, 2002:173-192
[140] Tom(?) Vlcek and Jan Zach. Secure FIPA Compliant Agent Architecture Draft. Berlin: Springer-lag, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2744, 2004:167-178
[141] P.D. O'Brien and R. C. Nicol. FIPA-Towards a Standard for Software Agents. BT Technology Journal, 1998,16(3): 51-59
[142] M. Breugst, I. Busse and S. Covaci, et al. Grasshopper-A Mobile Agent Platform for IN Based Service Enviroments. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Interlligent Networks Workshop, Bordeaux, France, May, 1998: 279-290
[143] T. Walsh, N. Paciorek, D. Wong. Security and Reliability in ConcordiaTM. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-First Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 6-9 Jan 1998, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1998, 7: 44-53
[144] I. Satoh. Building Reusable Mobile Agents for Network Management. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part C, 2003, 33(3): 350-357
[145] J. Sum, Shen Hong and Leung Chi-sing, et al. Analysis on a Mobile Agent-Based Algorithm for Network Routing and Management. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, March 2003, 14(3): 193- 202
[146] D. Gavalas. Advanced Network Monitoring Application Based on Mobile/Intelligent Agent Technology, Computer Communications Journal, April, 2000, 23(8): 720-730
[147] Zakaria Maamar. Association of Users with Software Agents in E-Commerce. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 2002, 1(1): 104-112
[148] Malcolm Bain. E-commerce Oriented Software Agent. Computer Law and Security Report, 2003, 19(3): 201-211
[149] Stanley Y. W. Su, Chunbo Huang and Joachim Hammer, et al. An Internet-based Negotiation Server for E-Commerce. The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases, 2001,10(1): 72-90
[150] Carlos Noronha, Gerald Vinten. Taxation of E-Commerce in Hong Kong: Applying UK and US experience. Journal Managerial Auditing. 2003,18(9): 702-709
[151] K. Fullam, T. Klos and G Muller, et al. A specification of the Agent Reputation and Trust (ART) Testbed: Experimentation and Competition for Trust in Agent Societies. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS-2005). 2005:512-518
[152] 甘早斌，王雅芳，魏登文，张金隆．电子商务环境下税收过程的Petri网模型．长沙电力学院学报(自然科学版)，2005，20(1)：59-62
[153] 甘早斌，王雅芳，魏登文，张金隆．基于移动Agent的电子商务征税系统模拟．计算机工程与科学，2007，29(3)：108-111
[154] 陆宁，尤晋元．移动代理系统与Web的互操作．计算机工程，2001，27(2)：58-59
[155] Stefan Funfrocken. How to Integrate Mobile Agents into Web Servers, In: Proceedings Sixth IEEE workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, 18-20 Jun 1997, Cambridge, MA, USA. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1997:94-99
[156] 张云勇．移动Agent及其应用．北京：清华大学出版社，2003：15
[157] Lange D, Mitsuru O. Programming and Deploying Java Mobile Agents with Aglets, Addison Wesley, New York, November 1998:20-25
[158] P. Domel. Mobile Telescript Agents and the Web. In: Proceedings of the Forty-First IEEE Computer Society International Conference on Technologies for the Information Superhighway, Santa Clara, California, 25-28 Feb. 1996. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1996:52-57
[159] P.R. Mock. Odyssey-personal Communications for the Future. In: Proceedings of the IEEE National Telesystems, 26-28 May 1994, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1994:139-142
[160] D. Lange and M. Oshima. Programming and Deploying Java Mobile Agents with Aglets. Addison Wesley, 1998
[161] ObjectSpace Inc. VoyagerORB3. 0. Developer Guide, www. objectspace, com, 1999
[162] M. Breugst, I. Busse and S. Covaci, et al. Grasshopper-A Mobile Agent Platform for IN Based Service Enviroments. IEEE Interlligent Networks Workshop, Bordeaux, France, May, 1998
[163] T. Walsh, N. Paciorek, D. Wong. Security and reliability in ConcordiaTM. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-First Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 6-9 Jan 1998, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1998, 7: 44-53
[164] Dengwen Wei, Zaobin Gan and Xiongbo Xia. A Unified Framework for Digital Content Management Business Model - Ring-Tone Download as Case Study. In: proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Services Computing Conference, December 9-12, 2008, Yilan, Taiwan. IEEE Computer Society Press. 2008: 969-974
[2] 国家税务总局中国民用航空总局关于试行民航电子客票报销凭证有关问题的通知．国税发[2006]39号，2006．03．15
[3] Jane Frecknall Hughes, Keith Glaister. Electronic Commerce and International Taxation. European Management Journal, 2001, 19(6): 651-658
[4] Markus Mueller. Regulatory Competition and E-Commerce. In: Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce, Sep 30-Oct 3 2003, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. ACM Press, 2003, 5:398-403
[5] Roland Paris. The Globalization of Taxation? Electronic Commerce and the Transformation of the State. International Studies Quarterly, 2003, 47:153-182
[6] R. Jones, S. Basu. Taxation of Electronic Commerce: A Developing Problem. International Review of Law Computers &Technology, 2002, 16(1): 35-52
[7] Robert Feinschreiber, Margaret Kent. E-Commerce and Foreign Retail Distribution Activities: Overlooked Tax Benefits. Journal of International Taxation. Boston: Mar 2005, 16(3): 30-36
[8] S. Basu. To Tax or not to Tax? That is the Question? Overview of Options in Consumption Taxation of E-Commerce. Journal of Information Law & Technology, 2004, 1: 25-36
[9] Bruce Donald, Fox William, Murray Matthew. To Tax or not to Tax? The Case of Electronic Commerce. Contemporary Economic Policy, 2003, 21 (1): 25-41
[10] James G S Yang, Wing W Poon. To Tax or not to Tax: Tax Freedom or Free Ride? Strategic Finance, 2001, 83(2): 44-49
[11] Annette Nellen. Overview to E-Commerce Taxation--Guide to Understanding the Current Discussions and Debates. July, 2003
[12] E. Fridenskold. VAT and the Internet: the Application of Consumption Taxes to E-Commerce Transactions. Information & Communications Technology Law, June 2004, 13(2): 175-203
[13] CSPP. Advancing Global Electronic Commerce: Technology Solutions to Public Policy Challenges, 2003
[14] OECD. Taxation and Electronic Commerce: Implementation of the Ottawa Taxation Framework Conditions - 2003 Report
[15] Janet Novack. Internet Taxes, On the Way? E-Commerce Times, February 6, 2004
[16] Barrett Brooks. E-Commerce and State Sales Tax. Journal of State Taxation. Riverwoods: Summer 2005, 24(1): 47-55
[17] The Sales Tax Clearinghouse Inc.. Streamlined Sales Tax System for the 21st Century. http://www.streamlinedsalestax.org/.2006.1.30
[18] 方卫平，黄琼．税收电子化．上海：上海财经大学出版社，2003：16-23
[19] United Nation Development Programme. Human Rights Development Report, 1999.http://hdr.undp.org/reports/global/1999/en/pdf/hdr_1999_full.pdf
[20] Carnaghan Carla, Downer Pauline and Klassen Ken. E-Commerce and Tax Planning: Canadian Experiences. Canadian Accounting Perspectives, 2004, 3(2): 261-287
[21] Piotr Stolarski, Tadeusz Tomaszewski. Legal Framework For Ecommerce Tax Analysis. In Luis M. Camarinha-Matos, Willy Picard, eds. Pervasive Collaborative Networks, in IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, Volume 283; Boston: Springer, 2008:441-448
[22] Kunal Gangakhedka. Taxation of E-Commerce. IETE Technical Review (Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers, India), July 2000, 17(4): 221-228
[23] G. Kortenaar, Chr. Spanjersberg. Taxation and E-Commerce: Dutch Tax Policy Implications. Intertax, 1999, 27(5): 180-187
[24] David Hardesty. E-Commerce Taxation around the World. E-Commerce Times, November 24, 2002
[25] 陈黛斐．电子商务对税收征管的挑战．税务研究，2001，(2)：64-66
[26] Choi, Yeong C., Hi-youl Suh. A Taxation Model: the Korean Value Added Tax on Electronic Commerce. Review of Business, Spring 2004, 25(2): 43-50
[27] 张凤玲，岑磊．电子商务环境下的税收征管模式．商场现代化，2005，11：249-250
[28] 周峰，王晓琳，曾广周．一种电子商务税收征管系统模型的研究．山东师范大学学报(自然科学版)，2003，18(4)：23-26
[29] 赵丽华．基于电子商务的税收征管新模式的构建．财会月刊(综合)，2005，8：21-22
[30] 马秀鹏．构筑与网络交易相适应的税收体制．经济探讨，2004，8(9)：63-65
[31] 江涛．EC模式下的税收稽查问题分析与探讨．经济与社会发展，2004，2(9)：9-11．100
[32] Lu-ming Yang, Xiaoling Li and Jian Liang. The Establishment of the Tax System under the E-commerce Environment. In: Proceedings of the 2008 International Seminar on Future Information Technology and Management Engineering, Nov. 2008 IEEE Computer Society, 2008:128-132
[33] 甘早斌．基于移动Agent的电子商务税收征管系统理论和方法研究．博士后出站报告，华中科技大学，2006．10
[34] 杨坚争，杨晨光，罗来兴．电子商务基础与应用．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社，1998：3-20
[35] Paul Timmers. Business Model for Electronic Markets. Electronic Markets Journal, 1998, 8(2): 3-8
[36] 刘大有，杨鲲，陈建中．Agent研究现状与发展趋势．软件学报，2000，11(3)：31-37
[37] Lange D, Oshima M. Seven Good Reasons for Mobile Agents. Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery, 1999, 42(3): 88-89
[38] Anthony Chavez, Pattie Maes. Kasbah: An Agent Marketplace for Buying and Selling Goods. In Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Practical Application of Intelligent Agents and Multi-Agent Technology, 1996: 75-90
[39] Maksim Tsvetovatyy, Maria Gini, Bamshad Mobasher, Zbigniew Wieckowski. MAGMA: An Agent-Based Virtual Market for Electronic Commerce. Journal of Applied Artificial intelligence, 1997, 11(6): 5-12
[40] Menelaos K. Perdikeas, Fotis G Chatzipapadopoulos and Iakovos S. Venieris, et al. Mobile Agent Standards and Available Platforms. Computer Networks, 1999, 31(19): 1999-2016
[41] A. Puliafito, O. Tomarchio. Using Mobile Agents to Implement Flexible Network Management Strategies. Computer Communications, 2000, 23 (3): 708-719
[42] Roth. V, Jalali. M, Hartmann. R, Roland. C. An Application of Mobile Agents as Personal Assistants in Electronic Commerce, In: Proceedings of the 5th Conference on the Practical Application of Intelligent Agents and Multi-Agents (PAAM 2000), April, 2000. 21-32
[43] J. M. Tenenbaum, T. S. Chowdhry and K. Hughes. Eco System: an Internet Commerce Architecture. Computer, 1997, 30(5): 48-55
[44] Prithviraj. Dasgupta. Mobile software agent enabled e-commerce: System design and profit maximizing algorithms. University of California, Ph. D Thesis, 2001
[45] P. Dasgupta, N. Narasimhan and L. E. Moser, et al. MAgNET. Mobile Agents for Networked Electronic Trading, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 1999, 11(4): 509-525
[46] R. Kowalczyk, B. Franczyk and A. Speck, et al. InterMarket - towards Intelligent Mobile Agent E-Marketplaces. In: Proceedings of the Ninth Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer-Based Systems, 8-11 April, 2002. IEEE Computer Society Press, 2002: 268-275
[47] Yan Wang, Kian-Lee Tan, Jian Ren. PumaMart: A Parallel and Autonomous Agents Based Internet Marketplace, Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, Elsevier Science, 2004, 3(3): 294-310
[48] Hui Chen, Perry P. Y. Lam and Henry C. B. Chan, et al. Business-to-Consumer Mobile Agent-Based Internet Commerce System (MAGICS). IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics-Part C: Applications and Reviews, 2007, 37(6): 1174-1189
[49] Lee Tzong-Ru, Li Jan-Mou. Key Factors in Forming an E-Marketplace: An Empirical Analysis. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 2006, 5(2): 105-116
[50] M. T. Tu, C. Seebode and F. Griffel et al. DynamiCS: An Actor-Based Framework for Negotiating Mobile Agents. Electronic Commerce Research, 2001, 1(1-2): 101-117
[51] T. Skylogiannis, G Antoniou and N. Bassiliades, et al. DR-NEGOTIATE - A System for Automated Agent Negotiation with Defeasible Logic-based Strategies. In: Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Conference on e-Technology, e-Commerce and e-Service, IEEE Computer Society Press, 2005: 44-49
[52] Kwang Mong Sim, Shi Yu Wang. Flexible Negotiation Agent with Relaxed Decision Rules. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part B. June 2004, 34(3): 1602-1608
[53] B(?)jar, J. and J. A. Rodr(?)guez-Aguilar. To Bid or Not To Bid Agent Strategies in Electronic Auction Games. Springer-Verlag, LNCS 2003. 2001
[54] Kate Larson, Tuomas Sandholm. Designing Auctions for Deliberative Agents. Springer-Verlag, LNCS 3435. 2006: 87-100
[55] G. Karjoth, D. Lange, M. Shim. A Security Model for Aglets, IEEE Internet Computing, 1997, 1(4): 68-77
[56] Niklas Borselius. Mobile Agent Security. Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal, 2002, 14(5): 211-218
[57] Lotfi Benachenhou, Samuel Pierre. Protection of a Mobile Agent with a Reference Clone. Computer Communications, 2006, 29(2): 268-278
[58] Tianhan Wang, Sheng-Uei Guan, Tai Khoon Chan. Integrity Protection for Code-on-Demand Mobile Agents in E-Commerce. The Journal of Systems and Software, 2002, 60: 211-221
[59] W. Jansen, T. Karygiannis. NIST Special Publications 800-19: Mobile Agent Security. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Tech Rep: MD208999, 1999
[60] R. Wahbe, S. Lucco and T. E Anderson. Efficient Software-based Fault Isolation. In: Proceedings of the Fourteenth ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, New York: ACM, 1993: 203-216
[61] J. K. Ousterhout. Scripting: Higher-level Programming for the 21st Century. IEEE Computer, 1998, 31(3): 23-30
[62] G. C. Necula, P. Lee. Safe Kernel Extensions without Run-time Checking. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Symposium on Operating System Design and Implementation, Berkeley: USENIX, 1996: 229-243
[63] N. Islam, T. Jaeger and J. R Rao. A Flexible Security System for Using Internet Content. IEEE Software, 1997, 14(5): 52-59
[64] D. Chess, B. Grosof. Itinerant Agents for Mobile Computing. IEEE Personal Communications, 1995, 2(5): 34-49
[65] F. Hohl, K. Rothermel. A Protocol Preventing Black box Tests of Mobile Agents. In: Proceedings of ITG/VDE Fachtagung Kommunikation in Verteilten Systemen (KIVS'99), Springer-Verlag, 1999: 170-181
[66] L. M. Silva, G. Soares and P. Martins, et al. Comparing the Performance of Mobile Agent Systems: a Study of Benchmarking. Computer Communications, 2000, 23: 769-778
[67] 高全泉. 关于人工智能技术在 Internet 上的应用与发展. 计算机科学, 2000, 27(6): 13-16
[68] B. Yee. A Sanctuary for Mobile Agents. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop (MOS '98), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1999: 261-273
[69] J. Riordan, B. Schneier. Environmental Key Generation towards Clueless Agents. In: Proceedings of the Mobile Agents and Security. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1998: 15-24
[70] V Roth, C Jensen. Mutual Protection of Co-operating Agents. In: Proceedings of the Secure Internet Programming: Security Issues for Mobile and Distributed Objects, Brussels: Springer-Verlag, 1998: 277-290
[71] U. G. Wilhelm, Stannmann. Protecting the Itinerary of Mobile Agents. In: Proceedings of the ECOOP Workshop on Mobile Object Systems: Secure Internet Mobile Computations, INRIA, Franc: 1998: 135-145
[72] U. G Wilhelm, S. Staamann. Introducing Trusted Third Parties to the Mobile Agent Paradigm. In: Proceedings of the Secure Internet Programming, New York, USA: Springer-Verlag, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1999: 469-492
[73] F. Andrade, P. Novais, and J. Machado, et al. Software Agents in Virtual Organizations: Good Faith and Trust. In Luis M. Camarinha-Matos, Willy Picard, eds., Pervasive Collaborative Networks in IFIP International Federation for Information Processing Volume 283, Boston: Springer, 2008: 389-396
[74] Croatia Zagreb. A New Concept of Trust Modeling and Management in Complex Networks. In: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 2008, 5177: 237-244
[75] J. A. Golbeck. Computing and Applying Trust in Web-based Social Networks. PhD Dissertation, University of Maryland, 2005
[76] L. T. Hosmer. Trust: the Connection Link between Organizational Theory and Philosophical Ethics. Academy of Management Review, 1995, 20(2): 379-403
[77] Jie Zhang, Robin Cohen and Kate Larson. A Trust-Based Incentive Mechanism for E-Marketplaces. Trust in Agent Societies. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 5396,2008: 135-161
[78] R. C. Mayer, J. H. Davis. An Integrative Model of Organizational Trust. Academy of Management Review, 1995, 20(3): 709-734
[79] S. Marsh. Formalising Trust as a Computational Concept [Ph. D. dissertation]. University of Stirling, Scotland, 1994
[80] A. Abdul-Rahman, S. Halles. A Distributed Trust Model. In: Proceedings of the New Security Paradigms Workshop, Cumbria, UK, 1997. ACM Press, 1997: 48-60
[81] A. Abdul-Rahman, S. Halles. Supporting Trust in Virtual Communities. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Maui, Hawaii, 2000: 4-7
[82] C. M. Jonker and J. Treur. Formal Analysis of Models for the Dynamics of Trust Based on Experiences. In: Proceedings of the 9th European Workshop on Modelling Autonomous Agents in a Multi-Agent World: Multi-Agent System Engineering, LNCS 1647, 1999: 221-231
[83] M. Blaze, J. Feigenbaum, and J. Lacy. Decentralized trust management. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1996: 164-173
[84] Miklos Nagy, Maria Vargas-Vera and Enrico Motta. Multi-Agent Conflict Resolution with Trust for Ontology Mapping. In: Badica C., Mangioni G., Carchiolo V. and Burdescu D. (Eds). Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Intelligent Distributed Computing - IDC'2008, Catania, Italy, 18-20 September 2008. Springer Verlag, SCI 162, 2008: 275-280
[85] I. Macinnes, P. Li, W. Yurcik. Reputation and Dispute in eBay Transactions. International Journal of Electronic Connerce, 2005:27-30
[86] Karl Aberer, Zoran Despotovic. Managing Trust in a Peer-to-Peer Information System. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, New York, USA, 2001: 310-317
[87] Li Xiong and Ling Liu. PeerTrust: Supporting Reputation based Trust in P2P Communities. IEEE Transactions on Data and Knowledge Engineering, Special Issue on P2P Based Data Management, 2004, 16(7): 843-857
[88] Y. Wang, J. Vassileva. Bayesian Network Based Trust Model. In: Proceedings of the IEEE / WIC International Conference on Web Intelligence, Halifax, Canada, 2003:372-378
[89] E. Damiani, S. De Capitani di Vimercati and S. Paraboschi, et al. Managing and Sharing Servents' Reputations in P2P systems. IEEE Transactions on Data and Knowledge Engineering, 2003, 15(4): 840-854
[90] S. Song, K. Hwang and R. Zhou, et al. Trusted P2P Transactions with Fuzzy Reputation Aggregation. IEEE Internet Computing, 2005, 9(6): 24-34
[91] Ruben Stranders, Mathijs de Weerdt, and Cees Witteveen. Fuzzy Argumentation for Trust. In: F. Sadri and K. Satoh (Eds.): Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems, CLIMA Ⅷ, Porto, Portugal, September 10-11, 2007. Lecture Notes In Artificial Intelligence 5056, 2008:214-230
[92] 严中华，关士续，米加宁．B2C电子商务信任实证研究的现状与思考．软科学，2005，19(2)：43-45
[93] 田博，覃正．B2C电子商务中基于D2S证据融合理论的推荐信任评价模型．管理科学，2008，21(5)：98-104
[94] 窦文，王怀民，贾焰，et al．构造基于推荐的P2P环境下的Trust模型．软件学报，2004，15(4)：571-583
[95] 徐锋，吕建，郑玮，等．一个软件服务协同中信任评估模型的设计．软件学报，2003，14(6)：1043-1051
[96] 姜守旭，李建中．一种P2P电子商务系统中基于声誉的信任机制．软件学报，2007，18(10)：2551-2563
[97] 吴鹏，吴国新，方群．一种基于概率统计方法的P2P系统信任评价模型．计算机研究与发展，2008，45(3)：408-416
[98] Mudhakar Srivatsa, Li Xiong, Ling Liu. TrustGuard: Countering Vulnerabilities in Reputation Management for Decentralized Overlay Networks. In: Proceedings of the 14th World Wide Web Conference, Chiba, Japan, 2005:422-431
[99] Leitao Guo, Shoubao Yang and Jing Wang, et al. Trust Model Based on Similarity Measure of Vectors in P2P Networks. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing, Beijing, China, LNCS 3795, 2005:836-847
[100] B. Yu, M. P. Singh, K. Sycara. Developing Trust in Large Scale Peer to Peer Systems. In: Proceedings of the 1st IEEE Symposium on Multi Agent Security and Survivability, Philadelphia, 2004, 1-10
[101] C. Duma, N. Shahmehri, G. Caronni. Dynamic Trust Metrics for Peer-to-Peer Systems. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on P2P Data Management, Security and Trust, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2005:776-781
[102] 常俊胜，王怀民，尹刚．DyTrust：一种P2P系统种基于时间帧的动态信任模型．计算机学报，2006，29(8)：1301-1307
[103] Maria Fasli. On Agent Technology for E-Commerce: Trust, Security and Legal Issues. The Knowledge Engineering Review, 2007, 22(1): 3-35
[104] Shuliang Zhao, Haifeng Liu and Zhaohao Sun. Scalable Trust in Multi-agent E-commerce System. In: Proceedings of the 2008 International Symposium on Electronic Commerce and Security, Aug. 2008, IEEE Computer Society, 2008: 990-993
[105] PStefan Schmidt, PRobert Steele and PTharam S. Dillon, et al. Fuzzy Trust Evaluation and Credibility Development in Multi-Agent Systems. Journal of Applied Soft Computing, 2007, 7(2): 492-505
[106] Jie Zhang, Ali A. Ghorbani and Robin Cohen. A Familiarity-Based Trust Model for Effective Selection of Sellers in Multi-Agent E-Commerce Systems. International Journal of Information Security, 2007, 6(5): 333-344
[107] Omid Roozmand, Mohammad Ali Nematbakhsh and Ahmad Baraani. An electronic marketplace based on reputation and learning. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 2007, 2(1): 1-17
[108] S. Kamvar, M. Schlosser. The EigenTrust Algorithm for Reputation Management in P2P Networks. In: Proceedings of WWW, Budapest, Hungary: ACM Press, 2003. 123-134
[109] Thomas Tran. Protecting Buying Agents in E-Marketplaces by Direct Experience Trust Modeling. Knowledge and Information Systems, 2009, 1: 1-36
[110] W. Dou, H. M. Wang, P. Zou. A Recommendation-Based Peer-to-Peer Trust Model. Journal of Software, 2004, 15(4): 571-583
[111] E. Aarts, R. Collier and E. van Loenen, et al.: Ambient Intelligence. In: Proceedings of the First European Symposium, EUSAI 2003. LNCS, vol. 2875, Springer, Heidelberg, 2003: 432
[112] Riva, G., Vatalaro, F., Davide, F., Alca(?)iz, M. (eds.): Ambient Intelligence. IOS Press, Amsterdam, 2005
[113] John Debenham and Carles Sierra. A Map of Trust between Trading Partners. Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Digital Business S. M. Furnell, S. K. Katsikas, and A. Lioy (Eds.): TrustBus 2008, Lecture Notes In Computer Science; Vol. 5185 5185, 2008: 8-17
[114] Frank Edward Walter, Stefano Battiston and Frank Schweitzer. A model of a trust-based recommendation system on a social network. Auton. Agent Multi-Agent Syst., 2008, 16: 57-74
[115] S. Marsh. Formalizing Trust as a Computational Concept. PhD Dissertation, Scotland, University of Stirling, 1994
[116] M. Blaze, J. Feigenbaum, J. Lacy. Decentralized Trust Management. In: Proceedings of the 17th Symposium on Security and Privacy. Oakland: CA. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1996. 164-173
[117] A. Rahman, S. Hades. Using Recommendations for Managing Trust in Distributed Systems. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Malaysia International Conference on Communication, 1997. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: IEEE Press, 1997
[118] A. Rahman, S. Hailes. Supporting Trust in Virtual Communities. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Washington, DC, USA: IEEE computer society, 2000, 6: 6007
[119] Ian Machines, Yifan Li, and William Yurcik. Reputation and Dispute in eBay Transactions. International Journal of Electronic Connerce, 2005, 10(1): 27-54
[120] K. W. Dickson, C. Leung, K. Lam. Making Personalized Recommendations to Customers in a Service-oriented Economy: A Quantitative Model Based on Reputation and Risk Attitude. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Electronic Commerce. Xi'an, China: ACM Press, 2005: 210-216
[121] J. C Elizabeth, F. K. Hussain, S. D. Tharam. Fuzzy Nature of Trust and Dynamic Trust Modeling in Service Oriented Environments. In: Proceedings of the 2005 Workshop on Secure Web Services. Farifax, USA: ACM Press, 2005: 75-83
[122] L. Xiong, L. Liu. PeerTrust: Supporting Reputation-Based Trust for Peer-to-Peer Electronic Communities. IEEE Trans. on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 2004, 7(16): 843-857
[123] D. Gambetta. Can we trust? Trust: Making and Breaking Cooperative Relations, Basil Blackwell, 1988: 213-237
[124] L. Mui. Computational Models of Trust and Reputation: Agents, Evolutionary Games, and Social Networks. PhD Dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technoligy, 2003
[125] Y. Wang, J. Vassileva. Trust and Reputation Model in Agent-to-Agent Networks. In: Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing, 2003. Washington, DC: IEEE Computer Society, 2003: 150-157
[126] C. Elizabeth, K. H. Farookh. Trust and Reputation Relationships in Service-Oriented Environments. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Information Technology and Applications, 2005. NY Washington: IEEE Computer Society, 2005, 2: 4-14
[127] L. Guo, S. Yang. Trust Model Based on Similarity Measure of Vector in P2P Networks Grid and Cooperative Computing-GCC. Heidelberg Berlin: Springer Press, 2005, 3795: 836-847.
[128] Audun J(?)sang. Trust and Reputation Systems. A. Aldini and R. Gorrieri (Eds.): Foundations of Security Analysis and Design Ⅳ, FOSAD 2006/2007, LNCS 4677, 2007: 209-245
[129] X. Wang, P. Liang, H. Ma. A P2P Trust Model Based on Multi-Dimensional Trust Evaluation. Bio-Inspired Computational Intelligence and Applications. Heidelberg Berlin: Springer Press, 2007, 4688: 347-356
[130] G. Nathan. Task Delegation using Experience Based Multi-Dimensional Trust. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, 2005. Netherlands: ACM Press, 2005: 489-496
[131] N. Griffiths, K. M. Chao, M. Younas. Fuzzy Trust for Peer-to-Peer Systems. In: Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops. Washington, DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society Press, 2006: 73
[132] S. Reece, A. Rogers, S. Roberts. Rumours and Reputation: Evaluating Multi-Dimensional Trust within a Decentralised Reputation System. In: The 6th International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, Honolulu, USA: ACM Press, 2007. 1-8
[133] 张骞，张霞，文学志等．Peer-to-Peer环境下多粒度Trust模型构造．软件学报，2006，17(1)：96-107
[134] Steven Reece, Stephen Roberts. A Multi-Dimensional Trust Model for Heterogeneous Contract Observations. In: Proceedings of the 22th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Vancouver, Canada, 2007. London: AAAI Press, 2007, 1:128-135
[135] Zaobin Gan, Yijie Li, Guoqiang Xiao and Dengwen Wei. A Novel Reputation Computing Model for Mobile Agent-Based E-Commerce Systems. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Information Security and Assurance, Busan, South Korea, Apr. 24-26, 2008. IEEE Computer Society Press, 2008:253-260
[136] B. Miztal. Trust in Modem Societies. MA Dissertation, Cambridge, Polity Press, 1996
[137] J. Sabater, C. Sierra. REGRET: Reputation in Gregarious Societies. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Autonomous Agents. New York, USA: ACM Press, 2001:194-195
[138] Dengwen Wei, Zaobin Gan and Jinlong Zhang. A Mobile-Agent-Based E-Commerce Taxation Model. In: Proc. of the International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security, Guangzhou, China, Nov. 3-6, 2006, IEEE Computer Society Press. 2006:868-871
[139] Mika(e｜¨)l Marche and Yves-Marie Quemener. A Model for Conformance Testing of Mobile Agents in a MASIF Framework. Berlin: Springer-lag, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2699, 2002:173-192
[140] Tom(?) Vlcek and Jan Zach. Secure FIPA Compliant Agent Architecture Draft. Berlin: Springer-lag, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2744, 2004:167-178
[141] P.D. O'Brien and R. C. Nicol. FIPA-Towards a Standard for Software Agents. BT Technology Journal, 1998,16(3): 51-59
[142] M. Breugst, I. Busse and S. Covaci, et al. Grasshopper-A Mobile Agent Platform for IN Based Service Enviroments. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Interlligent Networks Workshop, Bordeaux, France, May, 1998: 279-290
[143] T. Walsh, N. Paciorek, D. Wong. Security and Reliability in ConcordiaTM. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-First Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 6-9 Jan 1998, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1998, 7: 44-53
[144] I. Satoh. Building Reusable Mobile Agents for Network Management. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part C, 2003, 33(3): 350-357
[145] J. Sum, Shen Hong and Leung Chi-sing, et al. Analysis on a Mobile Agent-Based Algorithm for Network Routing and Management. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, March 2003, 14(3): 193- 202
[146] D. Gavalas. Advanced Network Monitoring Application Based on Mobile/Intelligent Agent Technology, Computer Communications Journal, April, 2000, 23(8): 720-730
[147] Zakaria Maamar. Association of Users with Software Agents in E-Commerce. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 2002, 1(1): 104-112
[148] Malcolm Bain. E-commerce Oriented Software Agent. Computer Law and Security Report, 2003, 19(3): 201-211
[149] Stanley Y. W. Su, Chunbo Huang and Joachim Hammer, et al. An Internet-based Negotiation Server for E-Commerce. The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases, 2001,10(1): 72-90
[150] Carlos Noronha, Gerald Vinten. Taxation of E-Commerce in Hong Kong: Applying UK and US experience. Journal Managerial Auditing. 2003,18(9): 702-709
[151] K. Fullam, T. Klos and G Muller, et al. A specification of the Agent Reputation and Trust (ART) Testbed: Experimentation and Competition for Trust in Agent Societies. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS-2005). 2005:512-518
[152] 甘早斌，王雅芳，魏登文，张金隆．电子商务环境下税收过程的Petri网模型．长沙电力学院学报(自然科学版)，2005，20(1)：59-62
[153] 甘早斌，王雅芳，魏登文，张金隆．基于移动Agent的电子商务征税系统模拟．计算机工程与科学，2007，29(3)：108-111
[154] 陆宁，尤晋元．移动代理系统与Web的互操作．计算机工程，2001，27(2)：58-59
[155] Stefan Funfrocken. How to Integrate Mobile Agents into Web Servers, In: Proceedings Sixth IEEE workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, 18-20 Jun 1997, Cambridge, MA, USA. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1997:94-99
[156] 张云勇．移动Agent及其应用．北京：清华大学出版社，2003：15
[157] Lange D, Mitsuru O. Programming and Deploying Java Mobile Agents with Aglets, Addison Wesley, New York, November 1998:20-25
[158] P. Domel. Mobile Telescript Agents and the Web. In: Proceedings of the Forty-First IEEE Computer Society International Conference on Technologies for the Information Superhighway, Santa Clara, California, 25-28 Feb. 1996. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1996:52-57
[159] P.R. Mock. Odyssey-personal Communications for the Future. In: Proceedings of the IEEE National Telesystems, 26-28 May 1994, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1994:139-142
[160] D. Lange and M. Oshima. Programming and Deploying Java Mobile Agents with Aglets. Addison Wesley, 1998
[161] ObjectSpace Inc. VoyagerORB3. 0. Developer Guide, www. objectspace, com, 1999
[162] M. Breugst, I. Busse and S. Covaci, et al. Grasshopper-A Mobile Agent Platform for IN Based Service Enviroments. IEEE Interlligent Networks Workshop, Bordeaux, France, May, 1998
[163] T. Walsh, N. Paciorek, D. Wong. Security and reliability in ConcordiaTM. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-First Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 6-9 Jan 1998, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1998, 7: 44-53
[164] Dengwen Wei, Zaobin Gan and Xiongbo Xia. A Unified Framework for Digital Content Management Business Model - Ring-Tone Download as Case Study. In: proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Services Computing Conference, December 9-12, 2008, Yilan, Taiwan. IEEE Computer Society Press. 2008: 969-974