基于ARM的压力数据采集与控制系统
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摘要
伴随着科学技术的发展,数据采集技术也得到了飞速的发展,利用采集得到的数据进行控制的方式也越来越多,在工程项目中也得到了越来越多的应用。传统的数据采集技术主要集中在利用单片机以及工控机PLC进行的数据采集,这样的数据采集技术由于采集精度不够,采集速度不够高的缺点,随着电子工业的发展已经不能满足人们的需要。把嵌入式技术引用到数据采集技术中能够解决上述存在的问题。嵌入式系统是当今最流行的前沿技术之一,将嵌入式技术引入数据采集与控制系统之中,可大大提高系统的实时性和灵活性,能够满足日益提高的测量需求。进而在电子工业方面,基于嵌入式硬件平台和嵌入式软件平台的数据采集技术,已经成为当代社会数据采集的主流。考虑到嵌入式数据采集技术的优势以及良好的发展前景,本课题便是基于嵌入式数据采集技术做出的研究。
本课题在研究嵌入式实时操作系统、ARM处理器和数据采集技术的基本原理的基础上,完成了基于ARM处理器和嵌入式实时操作系统的压力数据采集与控制系统的设计。该系统与工程中的传感器配合使用可以实现对温度、液位、压力、流量等各种常用数据的采集。本文主要研究内容如下:汽轮机运行过程中,由于摩擦和高温蒸汽热传导作用,会使汽轮机局部过热和润滑油失效,造成输出转矩不能达到要求和爆瓦,甚至发生爆炸,为了保障汽轮机能安全稳定运行,对汽轮机系统中冷却水循环提出了较高的要求。为确保冷凝水回路的正常运转,对冷凝水回路的电动球阀准确控制、采集水回路中的压力数值极其重要。本文以ARM为控制核心,对冷凝水回路的压力数据进行采集,并采用数字滤波器进行了处理,使数据更加精确可靠。利用采集处理之后的数据对控制水阀采用PID控制,达到冷凝水回路压力准确控制的目的,进而能够保证汽轮机的安全稳定运行。
With the rapid development of science and technology, data acquisition technology has developed rapidly, there is more and more control manners using the data collected and it has also been used more and more in the project. Traditional data acquisition technology focused on the use of SCM as well as PLC, because the precision and speed of collection are not high enough, it can not meet people’s needs for the development of the electronics industry. The introduction of embedded technology can solve the above problem. Embedded system is one of the most popular preface technologies today. The use of embedded technology into data acquisition and control system can greatly improve real-time and flexibility of the system to meet the increasing demand for measurement. Thereby data acquisition technology based on embedded hardware platform and software platform has become the mainstream of contemporary society data acquisition technology in the electronics industry. Taking into account the advantages of embedded data acquisition technology and its good development prospects, the research of this subject is based on the embedded data acquisition.
This subject on the basis of the research of the basic principle of embedded real-time operating system, ARM processor and data acquisition technology have completed the design of pressure data acquisition and control system based on ARM processor and embedded real-time operating system. The system used in conjunction with sensors in engineering can achieve the acquisition of a variety of commonly used data such as temperature, liquid level, pressure and flow. The main research content of this paper is that the turbine is running, because of the friction and high temperature steam heat conduction in the operation, steam turbine will be local overheating, and lubricants will be failure which make the output torque do not meet the requirements and explosion-watt, or even an explosion. In order to protect the safe and stable operation of turbine, there is a higher demand for the turbine cooling water circulation system. Ensure the normal operation of condensate loop, the accurate control of condensate loop electric ball valve and the pressure data acquisition of the water loop are extremely important. In this paper, ARM is the control core to collect pressure data of the condensed water cycle and use digital filters to deal with the data which make the data more accurate and reliable.By using the data obtained and PID control to control valve, the aim to control the pressure of condensate loop exactly is achieved, thus the safe and stable operation of steam turbine is ensured.
本课题在研究嵌入式实时操作系统、ARM处理器和数据采集技术的基本原理的基础上,完成了基于ARM处理器和嵌入式实时操作系统的压力数据采集与控制系统的设计。该系统与工程中的传感器配合使用可以实现对温度、液位、压力、流量等各种常用数据的采集。本文主要研究内容如下:汽轮机运行过程中,由于摩擦和高温蒸汽热传导作用,会使汽轮机局部过热和润滑油失效,造成输出转矩不能达到要求和爆瓦,甚至发生爆炸,为了保障汽轮机能安全稳定运行,对汽轮机系统中冷却水循环提出了较高的要求。为确保冷凝水回路的正常运转,对冷凝水回路的电动球阀准确控制、采集水回路中的压力数值极其重要。本文以ARM为控制核心,对冷凝水回路的压力数据进行采集,并采用数字滤波器进行了处理,使数据更加精确可靠。利用采集处理之后的数据对控制水阀采用PID控制,达到冷凝水回路压力准确控制的目的,进而能够保证汽轮机的安全稳定运行。
With the rapid development of science and technology, data acquisition technology has developed rapidly, there is more and more control manners using the data collected and it has also been used more and more in the project. Traditional data acquisition technology focused on the use of SCM as well as PLC, because the precision and speed of collection are not high enough, it can not meet people’s needs for the development of the electronics industry. The introduction of embedded technology can solve the above problem. Embedded system is one of the most popular preface technologies today. The use of embedded technology into data acquisition and control system can greatly improve real-time and flexibility of the system to meet the increasing demand for measurement. Thereby data acquisition technology based on embedded hardware platform and software platform has become the mainstream of contemporary society data acquisition technology in the electronics industry. Taking into account the advantages of embedded data acquisition technology and its good development prospects, the research of this subject is based on the embedded data acquisition.
This subject on the basis of the research of the basic principle of embedded real-time operating system, ARM processor and data acquisition technology have completed the design of pressure data acquisition and control system based on ARM processor and embedded real-time operating system. The system used in conjunction with sensors in engineering can achieve the acquisition of a variety of commonly used data such as temperature, liquid level, pressure and flow. The main research content of this paper is that the turbine is running, because of the friction and high temperature steam heat conduction in the operation, steam turbine will be local overheating, and lubricants will be failure which make the output torque do not meet the requirements and explosion-watt, or even an explosion. In order to protect the safe and stable operation of turbine, there is a higher demand for the turbine cooling water circulation system. Ensure the normal operation of condensate loop, the accurate control of condensate loop electric ball valve and the pressure data acquisition of the water loop are extremely important. In this paper, ARM is the control core to collect pressure data of the condensed water cycle and use digital filters to deal with the data which make the data more accurate and reliable.By using the data obtained and PID control to control valve, the aim to control the pressure of condensate loop exactly is achieved, thus the safe and stable operation of steam turbine is ensured.
引文
[1] Naotaka F,Tomoki Y.A Sensing System for Data Collection with Broadcasting Predicted Data[J].IEEE,2008,(08):465-470.
[2] NAUNIN D.Electric vehicles[C].IEEE.Proceedings of the IEEE international symposium on industrial electronics,Warsaw,Poland,1996:11-24.
[3] Li Yong J,Hu Chang L.The Data-acquisition System Based on ARM.China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House,2009:2113-2115.
[4] Joseph K . Effectiveness-Analysis of Real-Time Data Acquisition and Processing Multichannel Systems.IEEE,2002:91-94.
[5]田湛君.基于μC/OS-II的数据采集系统的设计[J].微计算机信息,2009,25(5):86-88.
[6]田力,张小林,胡永红.基于μC/OS-II的无人机数据采集系统[J].计算机测量与控制,2009,17(1):237-239.
[7]秦伟,孟庆春,李默.基于ARM处理器的数据采集系统的设计[J].自动化技术与应用,2006,25(10):63-65.
[8]李增权.基于ARM数据采集系统的设计[J].研究与研发,2008,37(9):69-72.
[9]周睛,陈晓光,常智.基于ARM与实时OS的数据采集与处理系统设计[J].设计与应用,2007,15(11):1599-1562.
[10]肖方旭,陈昊.一种基于ARM处理器的多通道高精度数据采集模块的实现方法[J].电子工程师,2007,33(9):77-79.
[11]李晋华.基于AD7712的高精度数据采集系统的设计与实现[J].新型元器件,2007,10:39-41.
[12] Zhao Yonggang.A Method Of FFT-Based Spectral Analysis For Narrowband Interference Suppression[J].The Eighth International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments,2007,787-791.
[13] Ma Hongzhong,The Application of Zoom FFT Technique to the Extraction of Fault Character of Induction Motor[J].2008 International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis,Beijing,China,April 21-24,2008.
[14]颜庭柏,陈钟蓉.嵌入式系统数据采集和发布的构建[J].计算机工程,2007,33(19):271-273.
[15]张春龙,王飞.基于ARM9200的高精度嵌入式数据采集系统的设计[D].北京,北京邮电大学,2006.
[16]金永贤.新型高速数据采集方法研究[J].华东交通大学学报,2002,17(1):36-41.
[17]陈福,周树杰,林小竹.应用嵌入式系统进行数据采集的研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2004(增),877-882.
[18]王晓蓉,何小松,朱永蓉.基于ARM的数据采集系统硬件部分实现[J].ARM开发与应用,2008,34:56-65.
[19]马海潮.超高速数据采集技术发展现状[J].测试技术学报,2003,17(4):884-892.
[20]张万生,王健.高速高精度数据采集系统设计和实现[J].核电子学与探测技术,2007,27(5):809-812.
[21]孙小平.单片机控制的一种新型高速数据采集方法[J].沈阳航空工业学院学报,2000,27:64-66.
[22]宋庆环,宋凤娟,朱全印.高速数据采集系统中精密延时电路的研究[J].机床与液压,2008,36(8):205-221.
[23]陈平,欧阳斌林.基于ARM的数据采集系统的设计[J].东北农业大学学报,2008,39(4):99-101.
[24]王亚庭,高金山.基于ARM与FPGA的高速数据采集技术研究[D].北京,北京交通大学,2007.
[25]程言奎,李英.基于ARM9的高速数据采集系统的实现[J].自动化技术,2007,41-43.
[26] Li YongJun & Hu ChangLin.The Data-acquisition System Based on ARM[J]. Academic journal electronic publishing house,2003,2114-2117.
[27] M.Alderighi,A.Anzalone.CHIMERA Data Acquisition Via Digital Sampling Technique[J].IEEETRANSAC TIONSON NUCLEAR SCIENCE,2004,51(4):1475-1481.
[28] Hao C.Efficient Data Collection through Compression Routing[J].IEEE Communications Society subject matter experts for publication in the IEEE GLOBECOM 2006 proceedings[N],2006,357-362.
[29] Francisco Alegria &Senior Member.Performance of Data Acquisition Systems From the User’s Point of View[J].IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRU MENTATION AND MEASUREMENT,2004,53(4):907-914.
[30]卿燕玲,汪道辉.高速数据采集及信号处理[D].四川省,四川大学,2006.
[31]李莉.基于ARM处理器和嵌入式实时操作系统的数据采集装置设计[D].山西省,太原理工大学,2006.
[32]余坤师.基于ARM架构的无线数据采集与处理终端的研究与开发[D].湖北省武汉,武汉理工大学,2008.
[33]陆卫忠,班建民,刘文亮.基于LPC213x的分布式数据采集智能信息终端设计[J].计算机工程,2003,33(7):279-281.
[34]韩志勇,贺仁睦.由汽轮机压力脉动引发电力系统共振机理的低频振荡研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(21):15-18.
[35]郑艳.汽轮机压力-流量通道动态数学模型的建立[J].发电设备,2003,11-12.
[36]廖胜凯,刘银年,陈小文.基于PID算法的可配置多通道温度控制系统[J].仪表技术与传感器,2009,6:95-97.
[37]王先春,蔡剑华,胡惟文.PID算法及参数自整定在温控系统中的实现[J].自动化仪表,2007,28(2):17-18.
[38]章丽芙.PID算法在PLC过程控制中的实现[J].张家口职业技术学院学报,2007,20(3):47-48.
[39]郑建光,刘长海.电动球阀流量特性实验研究[J].阀门,2005,1:17-19.
[40]杨纪伟.调节阀流量调节理论研究[J].液压与气动,2004,1:19-21.
[41] Meijuan G&Fan Zhang.Design and Implementation of Wireless Sensor Network Data Collection Terminal Based on ARM9[J] . 2008 , ISECS International Colloquium onComputing, Communication, Control,and Management,2008,587-591.
[42] Huang Xiaohong&Wang Zhaohua.NEW METHOD OF ESTIMATION OF PHASE,AMPLITUDE,AND FREQUENCY BASED ON ALL PHASE FFT SPECTRUM ANALYSIS[J].Proceedings of 2007 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems Nov.28-Dec.1,2007 Xiamen,China,2007,284-288.
[43]张宏立.基于Matlab的实时数据采集系统开发[J].自动化仪表,2008,29(7):21-23.
[44] Qi Han&Iosif Lazaridis.Sensor Data Collection with Expected Reliability Guarantees[J].IEEE,2005,(08):445-447.
[45] J. Toledo&J. Bordas.Fast and Compact Data Acquisition for Gas-Filled Detectors With Delay Line[J].IEEE,2004,51(4):1488-1451.
[46] J Fail.Anal.&Preven.Stress-Rupture Characterization in Nickel-Based Supera- lloy Gas Turbine Engine Components[J].IEEE,2008,8:281-288.
[47] Ye Li&J. Lence.Modeling tidal turbine farm with vertical axis tidal current turbines[J].IEEE,2008,697-702.
[48] Liu Suyi&Wang Shuqing.A Multi-sensor Fusion Method for the Detection of Cavitations in the Hydropower Turbine[J].IEEE, 2007,501-504.
[2] NAUNIN D.Electric vehicles[C].IEEE.Proceedings of the IEEE international symposium on industrial electronics,Warsaw,Poland,1996:11-24.
[3] Li Yong J,Hu Chang L.The Data-acquisition System Based on ARM.China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House,2009:2113-2115.
[4] Joseph K . Effectiveness-Analysis of Real-Time Data Acquisition and Processing Multichannel Systems.IEEE,2002:91-94.
[5]田湛君.基于μC/OS-II的数据采集系统的设计[J].微计算机信息,2009,25(5):86-88.
[6]田力,张小林,胡永红.基于μC/OS-II的无人机数据采集系统[J].计算机测量与控制,2009,17(1):237-239.
[7]秦伟,孟庆春,李默.基于ARM处理器的数据采集系统的设计[J].自动化技术与应用,2006,25(10):63-65.
[8]李增权.基于ARM数据采集系统的设计[J].研究与研发,2008,37(9):69-72.
[9]周睛,陈晓光,常智.基于ARM与实时OS的数据采集与处理系统设计[J].设计与应用,2007,15(11):1599-1562.
[10]肖方旭,陈昊.一种基于ARM处理器的多通道高精度数据采集模块的实现方法[J].电子工程师,2007,33(9):77-79.
[11]李晋华.基于AD7712的高精度数据采集系统的设计与实现[J].新型元器件,2007,10:39-41.
[12] Zhao Yonggang.A Method Of FFT-Based Spectral Analysis For Narrowband Interference Suppression[J].The Eighth International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments,2007,787-791.
[13] Ma Hongzhong,The Application of Zoom FFT Technique to the Extraction of Fault Character of Induction Motor[J].2008 International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis,Beijing,China,April 21-24,2008.
[14]颜庭柏,陈钟蓉.嵌入式系统数据采集和发布的构建[J].计算机工程,2007,33(19):271-273.
[15]张春龙,王飞.基于ARM9200的高精度嵌入式数据采集系统的设计[D].北京,北京邮电大学,2006.
[16]金永贤.新型高速数据采集方法研究[J].华东交通大学学报,2002,17(1):36-41.
[17]陈福,周树杰,林小竹.应用嵌入式系统进行数据采集的研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2004(增),877-882.
[18]王晓蓉,何小松,朱永蓉.基于ARM的数据采集系统硬件部分实现[J].ARM开发与应用,2008,34:56-65.
[19]马海潮.超高速数据采集技术发展现状[J].测试技术学报,2003,17(4):884-892.
[20]张万生,王健.高速高精度数据采集系统设计和实现[J].核电子学与探测技术,2007,27(5):809-812.
[21]孙小平.单片机控制的一种新型高速数据采集方法[J].沈阳航空工业学院学报,2000,27:64-66.
[22]宋庆环,宋凤娟,朱全印.高速数据采集系统中精密延时电路的研究[J].机床与液压,2008,36(8):205-221.
[23]陈平,欧阳斌林.基于ARM的数据采集系统的设计[J].东北农业大学学报,2008,39(4):99-101.
[24]王亚庭,高金山.基于ARM与FPGA的高速数据采集技术研究[D].北京,北京交通大学,2007.
[25]程言奎,李英.基于ARM9的高速数据采集系统的实现[J].自动化技术,2007,41-43.
[26] Li YongJun & Hu ChangLin.The Data-acquisition System Based on ARM[J]. Academic journal electronic publishing house,2003,2114-2117.
[27] M.Alderighi,A.Anzalone.CHIMERA Data Acquisition Via Digital Sampling Technique[J].IEEETRANSAC TIONSON NUCLEAR SCIENCE,2004,51(4):1475-1481.
[28] Hao C.Efficient Data Collection through Compression Routing[J].IEEE Communications Society subject matter experts for publication in the IEEE GLOBECOM 2006 proceedings[N],2006,357-362.
[29] Francisco Alegria &Senior Member.Performance of Data Acquisition Systems From the User’s Point of View[J].IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRU MENTATION AND MEASUREMENT,2004,53(4):907-914.
[30]卿燕玲,汪道辉.高速数据采集及信号处理[D].四川省,四川大学,2006.
[31]李莉.基于ARM处理器和嵌入式实时操作系统的数据采集装置设计[D].山西省,太原理工大学,2006.
[32]余坤师.基于ARM架构的无线数据采集与处理终端的研究与开发[D].湖北省武汉,武汉理工大学,2008.
[33]陆卫忠,班建民,刘文亮.基于LPC213x的分布式数据采集智能信息终端设计[J].计算机工程,2003,33(7):279-281.
[34]韩志勇,贺仁睦.由汽轮机压力脉动引发电力系统共振机理的低频振荡研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(21):15-18.
[35]郑艳.汽轮机压力-流量通道动态数学模型的建立[J].发电设备,2003,11-12.
[36]廖胜凯,刘银年,陈小文.基于PID算法的可配置多通道温度控制系统[J].仪表技术与传感器,2009,6:95-97.
[37]王先春,蔡剑华,胡惟文.PID算法及参数自整定在温控系统中的实现[J].自动化仪表,2007,28(2):17-18.
[38]章丽芙.PID算法在PLC过程控制中的实现[J].张家口职业技术学院学报,2007,20(3):47-48.
[39]郑建光,刘长海.电动球阀流量特性实验研究[J].阀门,2005,1:17-19.
[40]杨纪伟.调节阀流量调节理论研究[J].液压与气动,2004,1:19-21.
[41] Meijuan G&Fan Zhang.Design and Implementation of Wireless Sensor Network Data Collection Terminal Based on ARM9[J] . 2008 , ISECS International Colloquium onComputing, Communication, Control,and Management,2008,587-591.
[42] Huang Xiaohong&Wang Zhaohua.NEW METHOD OF ESTIMATION OF PHASE,AMPLITUDE,AND FREQUENCY BASED ON ALL PHASE FFT SPECTRUM ANALYSIS[J].Proceedings of 2007 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems Nov.28-Dec.1,2007 Xiamen,China,2007,284-288.
[43]张宏立.基于Matlab的实时数据采集系统开发[J].自动化仪表,2008,29(7):21-23.
[44] Qi Han&Iosif Lazaridis.Sensor Data Collection with Expected Reliability Guarantees[J].IEEE,2005,(08):445-447.
[45] J. Toledo&J. Bordas.Fast and Compact Data Acquisition for Gas-Filled Detectors With Delay Line[J].IEEE,2004,51(4):1488-1451.
[46] J Fail.Anal.&Preven.Stress-Rupture Characterization in Nickel-Based Supera- lloy Gas Turbine Engine Components[J].IEEE,2008,8:281-288.
[47] Ye Li&J. Lence.Modeling tidal turbine farm with vertical axis tidal current turbines[J].IEEE,2008,697-702.
[48] Liu Suyi&Wang Shuqing.A Multi-sensor Fusion Method for the Detection of Cavitations in the Hydropower Turbine[J].IEEE, 2007,501-504.