无线火灾监测系统的研制
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摘要
在现代的智能化建筑中,火灾监测系统是不可或缺的安全装置。由于其肩负着保护人们生命财产安全的重任,所以其可靠性和准确性要求较高。传统的火灾监测系统采用错综复杂的有线连接,在客观上限制了建筑物的布局设计和效用,给人们的日常生活带来了诸多不必要的麻烦。无线火灾监测系统是一种利用无线数传技术进行通信的新型火灾监测系统。它有效地解决了以上问题。
本文研究的是基于无线数传模块的无线火灾监测系统。我们选择的JZ873型无线数传模块和STR-30型无线数传模块具有功耗低、体积小、传输距离远、可靠性高、误码率低等特点,完全符合系统的功能要求;探测器负责感知周围环境的状态,并将状态信息通过无线数传模块发送出去。本设计采用了探测器控制电路与传感器分离的设计方式,以便用户根据自己的需要选择不同类型的传感器;写码器为系统中每一个探测器写入信道码和唯一的身份标识码,并将它们显示出来;无线接口电路一方面与无线模块相连,向各探测器发送同步信号,以消除长时间工作带来的误差。另一方面,无线接口电路把接收到报警状态信息发送给控制器。控制器包含键盘电路和液晶显示电路,可以提供良好的人机交互环境,人们可以通过手动操作键盘查询报警记录和更改系统参数。
本系统具有成本低廉、低功耗、可靠性高、实用性强等特点。可以广泛地应用到现代智能建筑中去。随着无线技术进一步发展,无线火灾监测系统将在人们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用。
Fire observation system is an important safeguard in modern intelligent buildings. Because the systems undertake to protect life and wealth of people, high reliability and high veracity are needed. Traditional fire observation systems adopt anfractuous wire connect, which restrict distribution design and avail of buildings, bringing many unnecessary troubles to daily life of people. Wireless fire observation system is a new kind system which uses wireless digital transmission technology. The wireless system solves the above problems out effectively.
Wireless fire observation system researched in this paper is based on wireless digital transmission module. We chose JZ873 wireless digital transmission module and STR-30 wireless digital transmission module which have low power, small volume, long transfer distance, high reliability and low error rate. They meet the system requirements absolutely. Detector is responsible for perception of the state of the surrounding environment and sent state information through wireless digital transmission module. In the design, detector control circuit and sensor are separate from each other. Users can choose different kinds of sensors according to their needs. The coder can be used to write channel code and ID code of each detector, and show the codes out. In one hand, the wireless interface circuit which connects with wireless digital transmission module can send synchronous signal to detectors in order to eliminate error during long working. On the other hand, it can also send alarm information to the controller, the controller which includes keyboard circuit and liquid crystal display circuit can offers a good man-machine conversation environment, through which users can inquire fire alarm records and change system parameters.
The advantages of this system make it can be widely used in modern intelligent buildings, such as low cost, low power, high reliability and better practicability. With the further development of wireless technology, wireless fire observation system will play a more important role in people's daily life.
本文研究的是基于无线数传模块的无线火灾监测系统。我们选择的JZ873型无线数传模块和STR-30型无线数传模块具有功耗低、体积小、传输距离远、可靠性高、误码率低等特点,完全符合系统的功能要求;探测器负责感知周围环境的状态,并将状态信息通过无线数传模块发送出去。本设计采用了探测器控制电路与传感器分离的设计方式,以便用户根据自己的需要选择不同类型的传感器;写码器为系统中每一个探测器写入信道码和唯一的身份标识码,并将它们显示出来;无线接口电路一方面与无线模块相连,向各探测器发送同步信号,以消除长时间工作带来的误差。另一方面,无线接口电路把接收到报警状态信息发送给控制器。控制器包含键盘电路和液晶显示电路,可以提供良好的人机交互环境,人们可以通过手动操作键盘查询报警记录和更改系统参数。
本系统具有成本低廉、低功耗、可靠性高、实用性强等特点。可以广泛地应用到现代智能建筑中去。随着无线技术进一步发展,无线火灾监测系统将在人们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用。
Fire observation system is an important safeguard in modern intelligent buildings. Because the systems undertake to protect life and wealth of people, high reliability and high veracity are needed. Traditional fire observation systems adopt anfractuous wire connect, which restrict distribution design and avail of buildings, bringing many unnecessary troubles to daily life of people. Wireless fire observation system is a new kind system which uses wireless digital transmission technology. The wireless system solves the above problems out effectively.
Wireless fire observation system researched in this paper is based on wireless digital transmission module. We chose JZ873 wireless digital transmission module and STR-30 wireless digital transmission module which have low power, small volume, long transfer distance, high reliability and low error rate. They meet the system requirements absolutely. Detector is responsible for perception of the state of the surrounding environment and sent state information through wireless digital transmission module. In the design, detector control circuit and sensor are separate from each other. Users can choose different kinds of sensors according to their needs. The coder can be used to write channel code and ID code of each detector, and show the codes out. In one hand, the wireless interface circuit which connects with wireless digital transmission module can send synchronous signal to detectors in order to eliminate error during long working. On the other hand, it can also send alarm information to the controller, the controller which includes keyboard circuit and liquid crystal display circuit can offers a good man-machine conversation environment, through which users can inquire fire alarm records and change system parameters.
The advantages of this system make it can be widely used in modern intelligent buildings, such as low cost, low power, high reliability and better practicability. With the further development of wireless technology, wireless fire observation system will play a more important role in people's daily life.
引文
1聂立文.无线通信改变我们的生活.中国科技信息.2006,3:59-61.
2祖国建.无线通信技术热点及发展趋势.长春理工大学学报(综合版).2005,1(2):148-150.
3魏锋.论火灾报警系统的应用及发展.科学之友.2006,9:11-12.
4Holt,Mike.Fire Alarm Signaling Systems.Electrical Construction and Maintenance.2003,102(8):40-43.
5王彦芳,王小平,李夏青,李金英.智能无线报警系统的设计与实现.河北大学学报(自然科学版).2002,22(3):288-290.
6高飞.无线火灾报警系统.消防技术与产品信息.2001,10:18-19.
7李惠英.无线火灾报警系统信息传输模式的研究.能源工程.2001,3:39-40.
8S.T.Bushby.Integrating Fire Alarm Systems with Other Building Automation and Controls Systems.Fire Protection Engineering.2001,11:18-20.
9Young Neil.Fire Detection and Alarm Systems.Fire Prevention and Fire Engineers Journals.2004,4:53-55.
10王锦贵,王希光.火灾自动报警系统的无线远程监控技术.武警学院学报.2005.6:21-22.
11李春林,程健.工业自动化领域中的无线技术.工业仪表与自动化装置.2007.1:15-17.
12于志军.火灾自动报警控制系统发展概述.工程建设与设计.2007,3:55-58.
13王焕军,梅桂霞.蓝牙技术与无线火灾自动报警系统.消防技术与产品信息.2003,5:26-28.
14单夫来.基于GPRS无线通讯技术的火灾远程监控系统.消防技术与产品信息.2005,12:87-88.
15段勇,昂志敏,金海红.基于Zigbee技术的森林火灾自动报警系统.国外电子测量技术.2007,25(4):49-52.
16李六杏.CDMA技术在数据通信系统中的应用.合肥学院学报(自然科学版).2006,16(3):55-58.
17靳自兵.无线火灾自动报警系统的应用探讨.消防技术与产品信息.2002,12:17-18
18Rush A.Shults,Jeffrey JJ.Sacks,Laurel A.Briske.Evaluation of Three Smoke Detector Promotion Programs.Preventive Medicine.1998,(15):165-170.
19 Neily ML,Smith CL,Shapiro JI.Residential Smoke Detector Performance in the U.S.Int J Consumer Safety.1994:43-50.
20 A.Keller,M.Ruegg,M.Forster,M.Loepfe,R.Pleisch,P.Nebiker,H.Burtscher.Open Photo Acoustic Sensor as Smoke Detector.Sensors and Actuators.2005,104:1-7.
21 Wang.Heping,Kang.Jingli.Studies on System of Fire Detection and Alarm Based on Ultrasonic and Temperature Sensor.2004 International Symposium on Safety Science and Technology.2004.
22 Soonil Nam,Leo P.Donovan,Jieon Grace Kim.Establishing Heat Detectors'Thermal Sensitivity Index through Bench-Scale Tests.Fire Safety Journal.2004,(39):191-197.
23 吴雄.火灾探测传感器的开发应用.中国仪器仪表.1995,5:12-14.
24 屈连福.论总线火灾报警系统的设计误区.职业技术.2007,2:97-98.
25 宋中才.智能建筑中火灾自动报警系统的设计.重庆邮电学院学报.2004,8:97-100.
26 T.G.Daniel,J.P.Michelle,J.R.Richard,L.B.Craig.Advanced Fire Detection Using Multi-Signature Alarm Algorithms.Fire Safety Journal.2002,20:381-394.
27 M.E.Layman.Wireless Mobile Fire Inspections.Fire Engineering.2005,158(11):110-111.
28 O.Jr.Hugh.Fire Alarm Systems for Health Car Facilities.Conference Record-IAS Annual Meeting 1982 17;292-296
29 李铮,梁杰申.用单片机实现的一个热风干燥器的控制器.福建电脑.2004,(3):61-63.
30 任明.浅谈火灾报警探测器.仪器仪表与分析监测.2000,3:18-21.
31 Jae Sam Yoon,Yoo Rhee Oh,Hong Kook Kim.Design of a Speech Coder Utilizing Speech Recognition Parameters for Server-Based Wireless Speech Recognization.Proceedings of 2004 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems ISPACS 2004(IEEE Cat.No.04EX910).2004:159-163.
32 杨效余,钱玮.实时时钟/日历芯片PCF8563在智能火灾报警控制器中的应用.仪器仪表与检测技术.2006,25(2):64-66.
33 李海虹,朱元清,陈蓓.实时时钟芯片PCF8563及其应用.国外电子测量技术.2002,5:29-31.
34 许玲,程小琰.C8051F020单片机的特点及其在通信系统中的应用.河南机 电高等专科学校学报.2006,14(6):15-16.
35J.B.Zhou.Applying of C8051F020 MCU in Nuclear Spectrum Acquisition System.Hedianzixue Yu Tance Jishu/Nuclear Electronics and Detection Technology.2005,25(5):515-518.
36Ma Xinyuan.Research of Microcontroller Development.System Control &Automation,2004,(6):69-71.
37P.Zhang.On-line Monitoring of Leakage Current of the Insulators Based on C8051F020.2005,31(11):13-15.
38M.Mike.Useful Tips Ease Interfacing of Logic Devices in Mixed 3V and 5V Systems.Electronic Design.2000,(6):1-10.
39E.T.Nana.Expand Your I/O with the I2C Bus.Electronic Design.2003,51(25):75-76.
40Lei Youhua.Analysis and Design of Dot Matrix Graphic LCD Module Circuits of Middle and Small Size.Qinghua Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Tsinghua University.1995,35(4):102-108.
41J.He.Design of LCD Terminal of Multiple Power Testing System.Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao(Jiaotong Kexue Yu Gongcheng Ban)/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science and Engineering).2005,29(1):137-140.
42张毅刚,彭喜元,姜守达,乔立岩.新编MCS一51单片机应用设计.哈尔滨工业大学出版社.2003:157-164.
43W.Wong.Microcontroller's I~2C Interface Handles Multiple Addresses.Electronic Design.2005,53(18):38-39.
44李振亭,顾长江.点阵图形式液晶显示控制器T6963C的应用.电子技术应用.1994(4):35-38.
2祖国建.无线通信技术热点及发展趋势.长春理工大学学报(综合版).2005,1(2):148-150.
3魏锋.论火灾报警系统的应用及发展.科学之友.2006,9:11-12.
4Holt,Mike.Fire Alarm Signaling Systems.Electrical Construction and Maintenance.2003,102(8):40-43.
5王彦芳,王小平,李夏青,李金英.智能无线报警系统的设计与实现.河北大学学报(自然科学版).2002,22(3):288-290.
6高飞.无线火灾报警系统.消防技术与产品信息.2001,10:18-19.
7李惠英.无线火灾报警系统信息传输模式的研究.能源工程.2001,3:39-40.
8S.T.Bushby.Integrating Fire Alarm Systems with Other Building Automation and Controls Systems.Fire Protection Engineering.2001,11:18-20.
9Young Neil.Fire Detection and Alarm Systems.Fire Prevention and Fire Engineers Journals.2004,4:53-55.
10王锦贵,王希光.火灾自动报警系统的无线远程监控技术.武警学院学报.2005.6:21-22.
11李春林,程健.工业自动化领域中的无线技术.工业仪表与自动化装置.2007.1:15-17.
12于志军.火灾自动报警控制系统发展概述.工程建设与设计.2007,3:55-58.
13王焕军,梅桂霞.蓝牙技术与无线火灾自动报警系统.消防技术与产品信息.2003,5:26-28.
14单夫来.基于GPRS无线通讯技术的火灾远程监控系统.消防技术与产品信息.2005,12:87-88.
15段勇,昂志敏,金海红.基于Zigbee技术的森林火灾自动报警系统.国外电子测量技术.2007,25(4):49-52.
16李六杏.CDMA技术在数据通信系统中的应用.合肥学院学报(自然科学版).2006,16(3):55-58.
17靳自兵.无线火灾自动报警系统的应用探讨.消防技术与产品信息.2002,12:17-18
18Rush A.Shults,Jeffrey JJ.Sacks,Laurel A.Briske.Evaluation of Three Smoke Detector Promotion Programs.Preventive Medicine.1998,(15):165-170.
19 Neily ML,Smith CL,Shapiro JI.Residential Smoke Detector Performance in the U.S.Int J Consumer Safety.1994:43-50.
20 A.Keller,M.Ruegg,M.Forster,M.Loepfe,R.Pleisch,P.Nebiker,H.Burtscher.Open Photo Acoustic Sensor as Smoke Detector.Sensors and Actuators.2005,104:1-7.
21 Wang.Heping,Kang.Jingli.Studies on System of Fire Detection and Alarm Based on Ultrasonic and Temperature Sensor.2004 International Symposium on Safety Science and Technology.2004.
22 Soonil Nam,Leo P.Donovan,Jieon Grace Kim.Establishing Heat Detectors'Thermal Sensitivity Index through Bench-Scale Tests.Fire Safety Journal.2004,(39):191-197.
23 吴雄.火灾探测传感器的开发应用.中国仪器仪表.1995,5:12-14.
24 屈连福.论总线火灾报警系统的设计误区.职业技术.2007,2:97-98.
25 宋中才.智能建筑中火灾自动报警系统的设计.重庆邮电学院学报.2004,8:97-100.
26 T.G.Daniel,J.P.Michelle,J.R.Richard,L.B.Craig.Advanced Fire Detection Using Multi-Signature Alarm Algorithms.Fire Safety Journal.2002,20:381-394.
27 M.E.Layman.Wireless Mobile Fire Inspections.Fire Engineering.2005,158(11):110-111.
28 O.Jr.Hugh.Fire Alarm Systems for Health Car Facilities.Conference Record-IAS Annual Meeting 1982 17;292-296
29 李铮,梁杰申.用单片机实现的一个热风干燥器的控制器.福建电脑.2004,(3):61-63.
30 任明.浅谈火灾报警探测器.仪器仪表与分析监测.2000,3:18-21.
31 Jae Sam Yoon,Yoo Rhee Oh,Hong Kook Kim.Design of a Speech Coder Utilizing Speech Recognition Parameters for Server-Based Wireless Speech Recognization.Proceedings of 2004 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems ISPACS 2004(IEEE Cat.No.04EX910).2004:159-163.
32 杨效余,钱玮.实时时钟/日历芯片PCF8563在智能火灾报警控制器中的应用.仪器仪表与检测技术.2006,25(2):64-66.
33 李海虹,朱元清,陈蓓.实时时钟芯片PCF8563及其应用.国外电子测量技术.2002,5:29-31.
34 许玲,程小琰.C8051F020单片机的特点及其在通信系统中的应用.河南机 电高等专科学校学报.2006,14(6):15-16.
35J.B.Zhou.Applying of C8051F020 MCU in Nuclear Spectrum Acquisition System.Hedianzixue Yu Tance Jishu/Nuclear Electronics and Detection Technology.2005,25(5):515-518.
36Ma Xinyuan.Research of Microcontroller Development.System Control &Automation,2004,(6):69-71.
37P.Zhang.On-line Monitoring of Leakage Current of the Insulators Based on C8051F020.2005,31(11):13-15.
38M.Mike.Useful Tips Ease Interfacing of Logic Devices in Mixed 3V and 5V Systems.Electronic Design.2000,(6):1-10.
39E.T.Nana.Expand Your I/O with the I2C Bus.Electronic Design.2003,51(25):75-76.
40Lei Youhua.Analysis and Design of Dot Matrix Graphic LCD Module Circuits of Middle and Small Size.Qinghua Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Tsinghua University.1995,35(4):102-108.
41J.He.Design of LCD Terminal of Multiple Power Testing System.Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao(Jiaotong Kexue Yu Gongcheng Ban)/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science and Engineering).2005,29(1):137-140.
42张毅刚,彭喜元,姜守达,乔立岩.新编MCS一51单片机应用设计.哈尔滨工业大学出版社.2003:157-164.
43W.Wong.Microcontroller's I~2C Interface Handles Multiple Addresses.Electronic Design.2005,53(18):38-39.
44李振亭,顾长江.点阵图形式液晶显示控制器T6963C的应用.电子技术应用.1994(4):35-38.