游戏在小学英语教学中的运用
摘要
新英语课程标准指出小学阶段英语课程的目的是激发学生学习英语的兴趣。但调查中发现小学生对于英语学习兴趣不高,并且有随着时间的推移逐渐下降的趋势。该文旨在通过对游戏教学理论和实践的研究,阐明运用游戏法教小学英语不仅是可行的而且也是一种较理想的教学模式。
本文首先引用心理学、教育学和二语习得相关理论阐述游戏教学的意义,接着介绍了游戏的特点、游戏教学的原则以及组织游戏的方法等。作者采用课堂观察法、访谈法和问卷调查法对游戏的教学效果进行调查。在课堂观察中发现游戏教学已经被广泛运用,小学生们积极参与游戏;与教师访谈中发现教师都能够采用游戏教学,但游戏教学中还存在着问题;从学生的问卷调查中发现小学生学习英语的普遍困难是记不住单词,不同年级的小学生所喜欢的英语游戏不同,不过在各类游戏中他们都喜欢猜谜型游戏。
游戏是小学英语教师和小学生都喜爱的教学活动,游戏教学是激发小学生英语学习兴趣的有效途径。教师要组织好游戏并与多种教学方法相结合。
The New English Curriculum Standard describes that the aim of primary English teaching is to foster students' interest in learning English. But the survey shows that pupils' interest in English is decreasing as their English level goes up. The thesis holds the hypothesis that game-teaching approach in primary schools is not only feasible but also an ideal way of teaching English.
From the theoretical perspective of psychology, pedagogy and second language acquisition the paper illustrates the significance of games in children's English teaching. Introducing principles and features of game-teaching, the thesis discusses the proper time and methods for organizing games. The author applies research methods such as classroom observation, interviews with the teachers and questionnaires to investigate the effectiveness of using games in the teaching process. During classroom observation we find that games have entered primary school English classrooms and many pupils take active parts in games. Teachers apply games in English teaching, however, there are still some problems to be solved. The result of the questionnaire shows that the biggest obstacle for pupils is learning new words and different grades of pupils like different kinds of games, but all pupils like games especially guessing games.
Conclusions have been drawn in this thesis as follows: both teachers and students like games; games are playing an important part in primary English teaching particularly in the activation of pupils' interest. Teachers should organize the game well and cooperate with other teaching approaches to solve English language teaching problems.
本文首先引用心理学、教育学和二语习得相关理论阐述游戏教学的意义,接着介绍了游戏的特点、游戏教学的原则以及组织游戏的方法等。作者采用课堂观察法、访谈法和问卷调查法对游戏的教学效果进行调查。在课堂观察中发现游戏教学已经被广泛运用,小学生们积极参与游戏;与教师访谈中发现教师都能够采用游戏教学,但游戏教学中还存在着问题;从学生的问卷调查中发现小学生学习英语的普遍困难是记不住单词,不同年级的小学生所喜欢的英语游戏不同,不过在各类游戏中他们都喜欢猜谜型游戏。
游戏是小学英语教师和小学生都喜爱的教学活动,游戏教学是激发小学生英语学习兴趣的有效途径。教师要组织好游戏并与多种教学方法相结合。
The New English Curriculum Standard describes that the aim of primary English teaching is to foster students' interest in learning English. But the survey shows that pupils' interest in English is decreasing as their English level goes up. The thesis holds the hypothesis that game-teaching approach in primary schools is not only feasible but also an ideal way of teaching English.
From the theoretical perspective of psychology, pedagogy and second language acquisition the paper illustrates the significance of games in children's English teaching. Introducing principles and features of game-teaching, the thesis discusses the proper time and methods for organizing games. The author applies research methods such as classroom observation, interviews with the teachers and questionnaires to investigate the effectiveness of using games in the teaching process. During classroom observation we find that games have entered primary school English classrooms and many pupils take active parts in games. Teachers apply games in English teaching, however, there are still some problems to be solved. The result of the questionnaire shows that the biggest obstacle for pupils is learning new words and different grades of pupils like different kinds of games, but all pupils like games especially guessing games.
Conclusions have been drawn in this thesis as follows: both teachers and students like games; games are playing an important part in primary English teaching particularly in the activation of pupils' interest. Teachers should organize the game well and cooperate with other teaching approaches to solve English language teaching problems.
引文
Agnieszka Uberman.1998.January-March.The Use of Games For Vocabulary Presentation and Revision.Forum,36(1).
Andrew Wright David Betteridge and Michael Buckby.1979.Games for Language Learning Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
AsherJ.1977.Learning Another Language Through Actions:The Complete Teacher's Guide Book.Los Gatos,Calif:Sky Oaks Productions.
Avedon,M.E.andB.S.Brian.1971.Learning Through Games.The Study of Games.NewYork:John Wiley &Sons.
Bailey,M.K.2001.Observation in Carter,R.&D.Nunan,The Cambridge Guide to TeachingEnglish to Speaker of Other Languages.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Campbell,Colin &Kryszewska,Hanna(1992).Learner-based teaching.Oxford:OUP.
Colin Peacock.1990.Classroom Skills in English Teaching.Roultedge 11 New Fetter Lane,London EC4P 4EE.
Davis Rosemary.1998.Learning to Teach in the Primary School Massachusetts:Hodder and Stoughton.
Fredericksen,E.1999.Playing thought:Increasing literacy through interaction.Journal of Adolescent and Adult Literacy.
Hadfield,Jill.1984.Elementary Communication Games.London:Nelson
Hadfield,Jill.1990.A Collection of Games and Activities for How to Mid-Intermediate students of English Intermediate Communication Games.Hong Kong;Thomas and Nelson and Sons Ltd.
Jeremy Harmer.2000.How to Teach English.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
Krashen,S.D.1981.Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Learning.Oxford:Pergamon.
Krashen,S.D.1982.Child-Adult Differences in Second Language Acquisition.New York:Newbury House Publishers.
Krashen,S.D.1985.The Input Hypothesis:Issues and Implications.London:Longman.
Lee,William,R.1979.Language teaching games and contests.New York:Oxford University Press.
Lee,William,R.1988.An early beginning:Why make an exception of language? New York:Oxford University Press.
Penny,Ur.1996.A Course in Language Teaching:Practice and Theory.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press & Cambridge University Press.
Philips,S.2001.Drarrca with Children.New York:Oxford University Press.
Piaget,Jean.1974.The future of developmental child psychology.Journal of Youth and Adolescence,3(2).
Maurice Calton.1989.Teaching in the Primary School Great Britain,David Fulton Publishers.
Murphey,T.1990.The Song Stuck in My Head Phenomenon:A melodic approach,System.Vol.18.No.1,53-64.London:Oxford University Press.
Richard-Amato,P.A.1988.Making it happens:Interaction in the Second Language classroom:From Theory to Practice.New York:Longman.
Richards Jack C.,Platt John & Platt Heidi.1992.Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching & Applied Linguistics.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Richards,Jack C.and Theodore S.Rodgers.1986.Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Rixon,S.1981.How to use games in language teaching.London:Macmillan Publishers Ltd.
Schichita,Makoto.2000.Ru ho chi fa yu erh chih li yu tsai neng.Taipei:Taipei University Press.
Schultz,M.and A.Fisher.1988.Interacting in the Language Classroom.Games for All Reasons.Massachusetts:Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
Scott,W&Ytreberg,L.1993.Teaching English to Children.NY:Longman.
Siek-Piskozub T.1994.Gry i zabawy w nauczaniu jezykow obcych.Warszawa:Wydawnietwo Szkolne i Pedagogiczne.
Spodek,Bernard & Saracho Olivia N.1994.Right from the Start:Teaching Children Ages Three to Eight.Allyn and Bacon
Wadsworth,Barry,J.1989.Piaget's Theory of Cognitive and Affective development.London:Longman World Publishing Corp.
Wright Andrew,Betteridge David & Buckby Michael.1984.Games for Language Learning.Cambridge University
Zhang Zhengdong.2003.Four Reflects on the Primary English Teaching.Foreign Language Teaching and Research in Basic Education,Vol.11.
Lin Yun[林赟],2003,Games in Children's English Teaching福建师大硕士论文
Liao Aixiu[廖爱秀],2004,On English Game-teaching in Primary School湖南师大硕士论文
Hu Chundong[胡春洞,1990,《英语教学法》,北京:高等教育出版社
Liu Zhaoyan[刘朝彦],2002,小学英语教学现状分析,《中小学外语教学》,2002年第三期,15-17页
Yu Qinglan[余青兰],2003,交互性教学活动对于提高小学生英语学习兴趣的研究,华中师大硕士论文
Chen Weizhen[陈维振],2006,《义务教育课程标准实验教科书:英语》,第一册～第四册,福建教育出版社
Zhang Zhengdong[张正东],2000,《中国外语教学理论与流派》,科学出版社
Zhang Zhiyuan[张志远],2002,《儿童英语教学法》,外语教学与研究出版社
Yu Ming[禹明],2004,《新课程理念与小学英语课程改革》,东北师范大学出版社
中国教育学会外语教学专业委员会组织编写,2003,《新课程理念下的创新教学设计小学英语》,东北师范大学出版社
教育部,2001,《英语课程标准(实验稿)》,北京师范大学出版社
教育部,2001,《小学英语课程教学基本要求(试行)》,教基[2001]2号
Andrew Wright David Betteridge and Michael Buckby.1979.Games for Language Learning Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
AsherJ.1977.Learning Another Language Through Actions:The Complete Teacher's Guide Book.Los Gatos,Calif:Sky Oaks Productions.
Avedon,M.E.andB.S.Brian.1971.Learning Through Games.The Study of Games.NewYork:John Wiley &Sons.
Bailey,M.K.2001.Observation in Carter,R.&D.Nunan,The Cambridge Guide to TeachingEnglish to Speaker of Other Languages.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Campbell,Colin &Kryszewska,Hanna(1992).Learner-based teaching.Oxford:OUP.
Colin Peacock.1990.Classroom Skills in English Teaching.Roultedge 11 New Fetter Lane,London EC4P 4EE.
Davis Rosemary.1998.Learning to Teach in the Primary School Massachusetts:Hodder and Stoughton.
Fredericksen,E.1999.Playing thought:Increasing literacy through interaction.Journal of Adolescent and Adult Literacy.
Hadfield,Jill.1984.Elementary Communication Games.London:Nelson
Hadfield,Jill.1990.A Collection of Games and Activities for How to Mid-Intermediate students of English Intermediate Communication Games.Hong Kong;Thomas and Nelson and Sons Ltd.
Jeremy Harmer.2000.How to Teach English.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
Krashen,S.D.1981.Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Learning.Oxford:Pergamon.
Krashen,S.D.1982.Child-Adult Differences in Second Language Acquisition.New York:Newbury House Publishers.
Krashen,S.D.1985.The Input Hypothesis:Issues and Implications.London:Longman.
Lee,William,R.1979.Language teaching games and contests.New York:Oxford University Press.
Lee,William,R.1988.An early beginning:Why make an exception of language? New York:Oxford University Press.
Penny,Ur.1996.A Course in Language Teaching:Practice and Theory.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press & Cambridge University Press.
Philips,S.2001.Drarrca with Children.New York:Oxford University Press.
Piaget,Jean.1974.The future of developmental child psychology.Journal of Youth and Adolescence,3(2).
Maurice Calton.1989.Teaching in the Primary School Great Britain,David Fulton Publishers.
Murphey,T.1990.The Song Stuck in My Head Phenomenon:A melodic approach,System.Vol.18.No.1,53-64.London:Oxford University Press.
Richard-Amato,P.A.1988.Making it happens:Interaction in the Second Language classroom:From Theory to Practice.New York:Longman.
Richards Jack C.,Platt John & Platt Heidi.1992.Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching & Applied Linguistics.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Richards,Jack C.and Theodore S.Rodgers.1986.Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Rixon,S.1981.How to use games in language teaching.London:Macmillan Publishers Ltd.
Schichita,Makoto.2000.Ru ho chi fa yu erh chih li yu tsai neng.Taipei:Taipei University Press.
Schultz,M.and A.Fisher.1988.Interacting in the Language Classroom.Games for All Reasons.Massachusetts:Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
Scott,W&Ytreberg,L.1993.Teaching English to Children.NY:Longman.
Siek-Piskozub T.1994.Gry i zabawy w nauczaniu jezykow obcych.Warszawa:Wydawnietwo Szkolne i Pedagogiczne.
Spodek,Bernard & Saracho Olivia N.1994.Right from the Start:Teaching Children Ages Three to Eight.Allyn and Bacon
Wadsworth,Barry,J.1989.Piaget's Theory of Cognitive and Affective development.London:Longman World Publishing Corp.
Wright Andrew,Betteridge David & Buckby Michael.1984.Games for Language Learning.Cambridge University
Zhang Zhengdong.2003.Four Reflects on the Primary English Teaching.Foreign Language Teaching and Research in Basic Education,Vol.11.
Lin Yun[林赟],2003,Games in Children's English Teaching福建师大硕士论文
Liao Aixiu[廖爱秀],2004,On English Game-teaching in Primary School湖南师大硕士论文
Hu Chundong[胡春洞,1990,《英语教学法》,北京:高等教育出版社
Liu Zhaoyan[刘朝彦],2002,小学英语教学现状分析,《中小学外语教学》,2002年第三期,15-17页
Yu Qinglan[余青兰],2003,交互性教学活动对于提高小学生英语学习兴趣的研究,华中师大硕士论文
Chen Weizhen[陈维振],2006,《义务教育课程标准实验教科书:英语》,第一册～第四册,福建教育出版社
Zhang Zhengdong[张正东],2000,《中国外语教学理论与流派》,科学出版社
Zhang Zhiyuan[张志远],2002,《儿童英语教学法》,外语教学与研究出版社
Yu Ming[禹明],2004,《新课程理念与小学英语课程改革》,东北师范大学出版社
中国教育学会外语教学专业委员会组织编写,2003,《新课程理念下的创新教学设计小学英语》,东北师范大学出版社
教育部,2001,《英语课程标准(实验稿)》,北京师范大学出版社
教育部,2001,《小学英语课程教学基本要求(试行)》,教基[2001]2号