整体式平板太阳能集热器集热性能研究与热迁移因子分析
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摘要
平板太阳能集热器不需要跟踪装置,本身结构简单,是太阳能热利用中的一个关键部件。本文对一种整体式扰流板型平板太阳能空气集热器与一种整体式翼管型平板太阳能热水集热器进行了深入研究。针对空气和热水集热器,提出了不同的吸热板结构,提高了集热器性能。
文中推导了整板式扰流板型平板空气集热器热迁移因子、效率因子等参数理论表达式,为相关集热器的设计与优化提供了基础。对蛇形流道平板空气集热器模型进行了简化,通过实验验证指出可采用N=1的情况替代大转弯数(N>5)蛇形流道平板空气集热器热迁移因子的研究。搭建了空气集热器试验台,对所研究平板空气集热器集热性能进行了实验研究,实验测得空气集热器无量纲效率曲线截距为0.58,时间常数为12.3min,集热器热迁移因子在0.82以上。同时对影响平板空气集热器效率的主要因素进行了分析,在分析影响机理的基础上对平板空气集热器进行了优化,优化后集热器热迁移因子提高到0.86。针对整体式翼管型平板热水集热器,文中通过理论研究获得了其热迁移因子的解析表达式,并搭建了试验台对其进行了实验验证。实验测得翼管型平板热水集热器效率曲线截距为0.79,时间常数为75s,热迁移因子在0.84以上。文中还利用推导得到的热迁移因子表达式对整体式翼管型平板热水集热器进行了优化,优化后集热器热迁移因子提高到0.90。
研究结果表明,整体式平板太阳能集热器结构简单,简化了生产工艺,在保证低成本与高可靠性的前提下,有效提高了集热器的效率与介质出口温度,可广泛用于建筑采暖、供热,农业干燥及工业加热等场合。
Flate-plate collector is the most popular component in solar thermal utilization because it can use both direct and diffuse radiation without tracking system, also beceuse of its cheap price and simple structure. In this paper, an integrated flate-plate solar air collector with baffles and an integrated wing-tube plate solar hot water collector have been studied. In order to improve the performance and keep the simple structure of the collector, for air and hot water collector, two kinds of particular structures have been proposed apparently in this paper.
In this paper, the model of integrated flat-plate air solar collector with baffles has been analyzed and the theoretical formula of the collector’s heat removal factor is obtained. It has been pointed out the heat removal factor of large turnning number serpentine air collector can be instead by N=1 approximately. The performance of the collector has been tested. The experimental results reveal that the heat removal factor can reach 0.82, time constant is 12.3min. The relationship between the heat removal factor of the collector and each affecting factor has been analyzed, which can be used to design and optimize the similar collectors.
Furthermore, an integrated wing-tube plate water solar collector has been studied. A variety of collector performance parameters are analyzed, and the theoretical formula of the collector’s thermal efficiency has been obtained, which can be used to guide the application of the collector. Also, the collector’s experimental performance has been tested, the results show that the intercept of instantaneous efficient curve of the collector is 0.79, time constant is 75s, and the heat removal factor is 0.84 when the outlet temperature is 67.5℃.
After study, it is pointed out that the intedrated flate-plate solar collector can be used in many areas such as spacing heating, drying, desalination, because of its high outlet temperature and good thermal performance.
文中推导了整板式扰流板型平板空气集热器热迁移因子、效率因子等参数理论表达式,为相关集热器的设计与优化提供了基础。对蛇形流道平板空气集热器模型进行了简化,通过实验验证指出可采用N=1的情况替代大转弯数(N>5)蛇形流道平板空气集热器热迁移因子的研究。搭建了空气集热器试验台,对所研究平板空气集热器集热性能进行了实验研究,实验测得空气集热器无量纲效率曲线截距为0.58,时间常数为12.3min,集热器热迁移因子在0.82以上。同时对影响平板空气集热器效率的主要因素进行了分析,在分析影响机理的基础上对平板空气集热器进行了优化,优化后集热器热迁移因子提高到0.86。针对整体式翼管型平板热水集热器,文中通过理论研究获得了其热迁移因子的解析表达式,并搭建了试验台对其进行了实验验证。实验测得翼管型平板热水集热器效率曲线截距为0.79,时间常数为75s,热迁移因子在0.84以上。文中还利用推导得到的热迁移因子表达式对整体式翼管型平板热水集热器进行了优化,优化后集热器热迁移因子提高到0.90。
研究结果表明,整体式平板太阳能集热器结构简单,简化了生产工艺,在保证低成本与高可靠性的前提下,有效提高了集热器的效率与介质出口温度,可广泛用于建筑采暖、供热,农业干燥及工业加热等场合。
Flate-plate collector is the most popular component in solar thermal utilization because it can use both direct and diffuse radiation without tracking system, also beceuse of its cheap price and simple structure. In this paper, an integrated flate-plate solar air collector with baffles and an integrated wing-tube plate solar hot water collector have been studied. In order to improve the performance and keep the simple structure of the collector, for air and hot water collector, two kinds of particular structures have been proposed apparently in this paper.
In this paper, the model of integrated flat-plate air solar collector with baffles has been analyzed and the theoretical formula of the collector’s heat removal factor is obtained. It has been pointed out the heat removal factor of large turnning number serpentine air collector can be instead by N=1 approximately. The performance of the collector has been tested. The experimental results reveal that the heat removal factor can reach 0.82, time constant is 12.3min. The relationship between the heat removal factor of the collector and each affecting factor has been analyzed, which can be used to design and optimize the similar collectors.
Furthermore, an integrated wing-tube plate water solar collector has been studied. A variety of collector performance parameters are analyzed, and the theoretical formula of the collector’s thermal efficiency has been obtained, which can be used to guide the application of the collector. Also, the collector’s experimental performance has been tested, the results show that the intercept of instantaneous efficient curve of the collector is 0.79, time constant is 75s, and the heat removal factor is 0.84 when the outlet temperature is 67.5℃.
After study, it is pointed out that the intedrated flate-plate solar collector can be used in many areas such as spacing heating, drying, desalination, because of its high outlet temperature and good thermal performance.
引文
[1] 2006中国能源发展报告(能源蓝皮书)
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[2] http://www.global-warming-and-the-climate.com/
[3] Cengiz Yildiz, Inci Turk Togrul. Thermal efficiency of an air solar collector with extended absorption surface and increased convection[J]. Heat Mass Tranfer, 2002, 29(6):831-840
[4] J.L.Bhagoriaetal. Heat tranfer coefficient and friction factor correlations for rectangular solar air heater duct having tranverse wedge shaped rib roughness on the absorber plate[J]. Renewable Energy, 2002,25:341~369
[5]赵春江,王恒龙.新型平板式集热器的设计和性能[J].上海交通大学学报,2004(10):1656~1659
[6] A.A.M.赛义夫著,徐任学等译.太阳能工程[M].科学出版社, 1984
[7] Telkes, Maria. Solar energy storage[J]. ASHRAE J., 1974, 16(9):38-44
[8]王崇琦等.四种回流式空气集热器性能分析及结构的研究[C].中国太阳能学会太阳能干燥学术会议资料, 1985
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[10] Duff W.S. Development of a day-by-day simulation of solar system[J]. Solar Engineering, 1981,112~121
[11]罗棣庵,李为工.射流-抽吸式空气集热器的研究[J].太阳能学报,1987 , 8(4): 327 ~332
[12] YinghuPiao. Natural forced and mixed convection in a vertical cross-corrugated channel[R]. The Universuty of British Columbia, 1992
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[14] Fath, Hassan E.S. Thermal performance of a simple design solar air heater with built-in thermal energy storage system[J]. Renewable Energy, 1995, 6(8):1033~1039
[15] S.O.Enibe. Thermal analysis of a natural circulation solar air heater with phase change material storage[J]. Renewable Energy, 2003, 28(14):2269~2299
[16] Abdul-Malik, Ebrahim. Heat transfer and friction in solar air heater duct with V-shaped rib roughness on absorber plate[J]. Intemational Joumal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2002, 45(16): 3383~3396
[17] H.D.Ammari. A mathematical model of thermal performance of solar air heater with slats[J]. Renewable Energy, 2003, 28(10):1597~1615
[18]吕坤.圆柱阵列太阳能空气集热器的实验研究:硕士学位论文[D],青岛:青岛建筑工程学院. 2004
[19] Dursun Pehlvan. The performance of a solar air heater with conical concentrator under forced convection[J]. Intemational Joumal of Thermal Seiences, 2003, 42(6):571~581
[20] Wenfeng Gao, Wenxian Lin. Numerical study on natural convectioni nside the channel between the flat-plate cover and sine-wave absorber of a cross-corrugated solar air heater[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2000, 41(2):145~151
[21]高文峰,施兆顺等.交叉形吸热板-底板太阳能空气集热器热力学分析[J].中国建设信息阳光能源, 2002, 5:9~12
[22]张珂理. V形波纹多孔体太阳能空气集热器研究[J].太阳能学报, 1990, 11(3):293~302
[23]赵锡伟,李宗楠. V形波纹板与平板间空气夹层自然对流换热的数值分析计算与实验研究[C].中国太阳能学会1991年年会议文集, 1991, 182~191
[24]林金清.太阳能空气集热器(I型)的数学模型研究[J].太阳能学报, 1999, 20(1):38~43
[25]林金清,苏亚欣.太阳能空气集热II型的数学模拟和数值计算[J].太阳能学报, 2000, 14(1):31~36
[26]夏国泉,魏棋. I型太阳能空气集热器传热性能分析[J].江苏大学学报(自然科学版), 2003, 24(4):41~44
[27]赵启秋.空气平板式太阳能集热器的计算机动态模拟[J].新能源, 1992, 14(9):1~7
[28]袁旭东等. V型太阳能空气集热器热过程的数值模拟[J].华东科技大学学报, 2001, 29(10):86~89
[29] Jannot.Y, Coulibaly.Y. Radiative heat transfer in a solar heater covered with a plastic film[J]. Solar Energy, 1997,60(1):35~40
[30] F.K.Forson, M.A.Nazha. Experimental and simulation studies on a single pass, double duct solar air heater[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2003, 44(8):1209~1227
[31] Nidal.H, Abu-Hamdeh. Simulation study of solar air heater[J]. Solar Energy, 2003, 74(4):309~317
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