聚丙烯酸接枝共聚水性硝化纤维的合成与性能
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摘要
以硝化纤维(NC)、丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酸羟丙酯(HEPA)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)为主要原料,采用自乳化法制备了聚丙烯酸接枝共聚水性硝化纤维(PWNC)乳液,并进一步制成PWNC涂膜。采用FTIR、表面水接触角测量仪、TEM、TGA和Zeta电位测试了PWNC涂膜的化学结构、疏水性、胶粒形态、耐热性以及PWNC乳液的粒径大小;考察了AA与HEPA物质的量比、偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)质量分数、HDI用量、单体聚合温度对PWNC乳液和涂膜的影响。结果表明:当n(AA)∶n(HEPA)=3∶1,AIBN质量分数为0.8%、HDI 5.05 g、聚合温度为80℃时,乳液胶粒呈球形,具有核壳结构。乳液粒子平均粒径和分散系数分别是52 nm和0.021;涂膜接触角增加至118.9°,相比于NC涂膜,PWNC涂膜具有优异的耐水性。
A polyacrylic modified waterborne nitrocellulose(PWNC) emulsion was prepared by selfemulsification method with nitrocellulose(NC), acrylic acid(AA), hydroxypropyl acrylate(HEPA) and hexamethylene diisocyanate(HDI) as main raw materials. Then, the corresponding PWNC films were obtained. FTIR, contact angle measuring instrument, TEM, TGA and nano particle surface potential analyzer were use to characterize the chemical structure, hydrophobicity, particle morphology, thermal properties of PWNC films and the particle size of PWNC emulsions. The effects of molar ratio of AA to HEPA, the amount of azodiisobutyronitrile(AIBN), dosage of HDI and polymerization temperature on the properties of emulsion and film were also studied. The results showed that when n(AA)∶n(HEPA) was 3∶1,the mass fraction of AIBN was 0.8%, HDI dosage was 5.05 g and polymerization temperature was 80 ℃,the prepared PWNC emulsion colloidal particles were spherical with core-shell structure. The average particle size and polydispersity index(PDI) were 52 nm and 0.021, respectively. The contact angle of PWNC film was 118.9°, which indicated that PWNC film had better water resistance than NC film.
A polyacrylic modified waterborne nitrocellulose(PWNC) emulsion was prepared by selfemulsification method with nitrocellulose(NC), acrylic acid(AA), hydroxypropyl acrylate(HEPA) and hexamethylene diisocyanate(HDI) as main raw materials. Then, the corresponding PWNC films were obtained. FTIR, contact angle measuring instrument, TEM, TGA and nano particle surface potential analyzer were use to characterize the chemical structure, hydrophobicity, particle morphology, thermal properties of PWNC films and the particle size of PWNC emulsions. The effects of molar ratio of AA to HEPA, the amount of azodiisobutyronitrile(AIBN), dosage of HDI and polymerization temperature on the properties of emulsion and film were also studied. The results showed that when n(AA)∶n(HEPA) was 3∶1,the mass fraction of AIBN was 0.8%, HDI dosage was 5.05 g and polymerization temperature was 80 ℃,the prepared PWNC emulsion colloidal particles were spherical with core-shell structure. The average particle size and polydispersity index(PDI) were 52 nm and 0.021, respectively. The contact angle of PWNC film was 118.9°, which indicated that PWNC film had better water resistance than NC film.
引文
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[4]Fallah F,Khorasani M,Ebrahimi M.Factors affecting the properties of nitrocellulose emulsions:A comparative study[J].Carbohydate Polymers,2017,189(2):267-272.
[5]Duan H,Shao Z,Ming Z,et al.Preparation and properties of environmental-friendly coatings based on carboxymethyl cellulose nitrate ester&modified alkyd[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2016,137(10):92-99.
[6]Su X X,Zhao Q X,Zhang D,et al.Synthesis and membrane performance characterization of self-emulsified waterborne nitrocellulose dispersion modified with castor oil[J].Applied Surface Science,2015,356(30):610-614.
[7]Ma S D,Guo Y,Song G L,et al.Preparation and properties of selfemulsifying nitrocellulose emulsion for coatings[J].Coating Industry,2011,41(5):10-14.
[8]Zhao Q X,Su X X,Liu X W.Study on synthesis and properties of waterborne nitrocellulose emulsion modified by acrylic grafting copolymerization[J].Electroplating&Finishing,2015,34(18):1009-1014.
[9]Jiang J L,Hui Y Y.Preparation and property of waterborne nitrocellulose emulsion modified by a ziridine crosslinker[J].New Chemical Materials,2015,43(8):195-197.
[10]Ghosh B,Gogoi S,Thakur S,et al.Bio-based waterborne polyurethane/carbon dot nanocomposite as a surface coating material[J].Progress in Organic Coatings,2016,90(1):324-330.
[11]Aguirresarobe R H,Martin L L,Aramburu N,et al.Coumarin based light responsive healable waterborne polyurethanes[J].Progress in Organic Coatings,2016,99(10):314-321.
[12]Fu C Q,Hu X Z,Yang Q.Preparation and properties of waterborne bio-based polyurethane/siloxane cross-linked films by an in situ sol-gel process[J].Progress in Organic Coatings,2015,84(7):18-27.
[13]Jiang J L,Su X X,Hui Y Y,et al.Preparation and properties of KH560 modified waterborne nitrocellulose emulsion[J].Paint and Coatings Industry,2012,42(2):15-18.
[14]Jiang J L,Hui Y Y.Preparation and property of waterborne nitrocellulose emulsion modified by aziridine crosslinker[J].New Chemical Materials,2015,43(8):195-197.
[15]Jiang J L,Su X X,Hui Y Y,et al.Study on waterborne nitrocellulose adhesive modified by epoxy resin[J].Modern Chemical Industry,2011,31(10):42-45.
[16]Yang J J,Su X X,Su J N.Properties of waterborne nitrocellulose emulsion modified by polyvinyl alcohol[J].Electroplating and Finishing,2016,35(18):955-959.
[17]Zhao X Y,Wang H R,Zhao P F,et al.Preparation and application of aqueous nitrocellulose solution modified by citric acid[J].China Plastics Industry,2016,44(4):133-137.
[18]Zhang Q Y,Tang S Z,Liu X H.Influence of hyperbranched polyol on the mechanical property of HTPB polyurethane sealant[J].New Chemical Materials,2017,45(11):73-75.
[19]Su X X,Chen Z,Zhang X.Preparation and properties of fluoroacrylate modified waterborne nitrocellulose emulsion[J].Fine Chemcials.2017,34(8):942-948.
[20]Qin J Y,Wei X C,Deng N,et al.Study of UV-curable waterborne epoxy itaconic resin modified by organic fluorine[J].Paint and Coatings Industry,2017,47(6):51-56.