蓖麻枝叶形态特征对蒴果性状的影响
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摘要
为给蓖麻高产栽培提供参考,以‘淄蓖5号’为材料,测定蓖麻枝叶形态特征指标(开花时叶面积、灌浆期叶面积、收获时分枝直径)和蒴果性状指标(每穗果球数、果球质量、每果球种子数、种子质量、穗长、穗宽),分析蓖麻枝叶形态特征对蒴果性状的影响。相关性分析结果表明,按蓖麻枝叶形态特征的影响由大到小排序,各蒴果性状指标依次为果球质量、每穗果球数、种子质量、每果球种子数、穗长、穗宽。回归分析结果表明,蓖麻分枝直径对每穗果球数、果球质量变异的解释程度分别为31%、37%;开花时叶面积对每穗果球数、每果球种子数变异的解释程度分别为53%、51%;灌浆期叶面积对种子质量变异的解释程度为51%;开花时叶面积、灌浆期叶面积和收获时分枝直径对每穗果球数、果球质量、每果球种子数、种子质量变异的解释程度分别为67%、68%、76%、79%。修枝时保留粗壮枝条有利于获得更多果球、更大果球质量,开花时保持较大的叶片面积是获得更多果球和种子的重要保障,保持灌浆期较大叶面积利于获得饱满的种子。
In order to provide some references for high-yield cultivation in Ricinus communis, the study used 'Zibi No.5' as materials, and measured some morphological characteristic indexes of branches and leaves(leaf areas at flowering stage, leaf areas at filling stage, and branch diameter at harvest stage) and capsule characteristic indexes(capsule number per ear, capsule mass, seed number per capsule, seed mass, ear length and ear width). The study analyzed effects of morphological characteristics of branches and leaves in R. communis on capsule characteristics. The results of correlation analysis showed that, effects of morphological characteristics of branches and leaves in R. communis from high to low, order of each capsule characteristic index was capsule mass, capsule number per ear, seed mass, seed number per capsule, ear length, ear width. The results of regression analysis showed that interpretation degrees of branch diameter on variation of capsule number per ear and capsule mass were 31% and 37%, respectively. Interpretation degrees of leaf area at flowering stage on variation of capsule number per ear and seed number per capsule were 53% and 51%, respectively. Interpretation degree of leaf area at filling stage on variation of seed mass was 51%. Interpretation degrees of leaf area at flowering stage, leaf area at filling stage, and branch diameter at harvest stage on variation of capsule number per ear, capsule mass, seed number per capsule and seed mass were 67%, 68%, 76%, 79%, respectively. In pruning, retaining thick branches was more conducive to obtaining more and larger capsules. Maintaining larger leaf area at flowering stage was an important guarantee for obtaining more capsules and seeds. Maintaining larger leaf area at the filling stage was advantageous for obtaining full seeds.
In order to provide some references for high-yield cultivation in Ricinus communis, the study used 'Zibi No.5' as materials, and measured some morphological characteristic indexes of branches and leaves(leaf areas at flowering stage, leaf areas at filling stage, and branch diameter at harvest stage) and capsule characteristic indexes(capsule number per ear, capsule mass, seed number per capsule, seed mass, ear length and ear width). The study analyzed effects of morphological characteristics of branches and leaves in R. communis on capsule characteristics. The results of correlation analysis showed that, effects of morphological characteristics of branches and leaves in R. communis from high to low, order of each capsule characteristic index was capsule mass, capsule number per ear, seed mass, seed number per capsule, ear length, ear width. The results of regression analysis showed that interpretation degrees of branch diameter on variation of capsule number per ear and capsule mass were 31% and 37%, respectively. Interpretation degrees of leaf area at flowering stage on variation of capsule number per ear and seed number per capsule were 53% and 51%, respectively. Interpretation degree of leaf area at filling stage on variation of seed mass was 51%. Interpretation degrees of leaf area at flowering stage, leaf area at filling stage, and branch diameter at harvest stage on variation of capsule number per ear, capsule mass, seed number per capsule and seed mass were 67%, 68%, 76%, 79%, respectively. In pruning, retaining thick branches was more conducive to obtaining more and larger capsules. Maintaining larger leaf area at flowering stage was an important guarantee for obtaining more capsules and seeds. Maintaining larger leaf area at the filling stage was advantageous for obtaining full seeds.
引文
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[17]刘宏胜,李映,牛俊义,等.不同旱地春小麦品种(系)花后旗叶生理特性和籽粒产量的分析[J].土壤与作物,2018,7(3):356-364.
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[20]唐文邦,陈立云,肖应辉,等.水稻功能叶形态及光合速率与产量构成因素的相关研究[J].湖南农业科学,2004(2):29-31.
[21]马均,马文波,明东风,等.重穗型水稻株型特性研究[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(4):679-685.
[22]凌英华,赵芳明,杨正林,等.不同遗传背景下杂交籼稻功能叶与产量构成因素的相关性[J].植物遗传资源学报,2009,10(4):553-559.
[23]刘林,张江周,张学娟,等.广西冬蕉留把数对产量和果实性状的影响[J].热带农业科学,2017,37(4):13-17,21.
[24]李明霞,白岗栓,闫亚丹,等.山地苹果树更新修剪对树体营养及生长的影响[J].园艺学报,2011, 38(1):139-144.
[25]阮班录,刘建海,李雪薇,等.乔砧苹果郁闭园不同改造方法对冠层光照和叶片状况及产量品质的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(18):3805-3811.
[26]龙建春,努尔买买提,阿力木,等.新疆薄壳核桃叶片与果实性状的相关性分析[J].塔里木大学学报, 2017,29(4):46-54.
[27]谭秋锦,许鹏,宋海云,等.澳洲坚果主要农艺性状相关分析及产量因素的通径分析[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(22):84-88.
[2] REINHARDT D, KUHLEMEIER C. Plant architecture[J].Embo Reports,2002,3(9):846-851.
[3] SU X M, FANG Y X, LIU Y L, et al. Genetic analysis and gene mapping of a dwarf and high-tillering mutant mz3 in rice(Oryza sativa L)[J]. Chinese journal of rice science,2016,30(5):479-486.
[4]高易宏,燕金香,涂政军,等.不同氮处理下水稻剑叶叶宽的全基因组关联分析[J].中国农业科学, 2017,50(14):2635-2646.
[5]潘境涛,谢红卫,钱明娟,等.水稻窄叶突变体相关基因的研究进展[J].分子植物育种,2017,15(12):4879-4887.
[6] JIANG D, CHEN W, DONG J, et al. Overexpression of osmir164b-resistant OsNAC2 improves plant architecture and grain yield in rice[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany,2018,69(7):1533-1543.
[7] LEI L, ZHENG H L, WANG J G, et al. Genetic dissection of rice(Oryza sativa L)tiller, plant height, and grain yield based on QTL mapping and metaanalysis[J]. Euphytica,2018,214(7):109.
[8] LI X, WANG X, PENG Y. Quantitative descriptions of rice plant architecture and their application[J]. PLoS ONE, 2017, 12(5):e0177669.
[9]林洪鑫,潘晓华,石庆华,等.栽插密度与施氮量对双季稻上部三叶叶长和叶角的影响[J].作物学报,2010,36(10):1743-1751.
[10]朱相成,汤亮,张文宇,等.不同品种和栽培条件下水稻冠层光合有效辐射传输特征[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(1):34-43.
[11]韦叶娜,赵祥,杨国涛,等.栽培密度对不同穗型水稻群体小气候及产量构成的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2018,24(4):813-823.
[12]李娜,杨志远,代邹,等.不同氮效率水稻根系形态和氮素吸收利用与产量的关系[J].中国农业科学, 2017,50(14):2683-2695.
[13] VOS J, EVERS J B, BUCKSORLIN G H. Functional-structural plant modelling:A new versatile tool in crop science[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2010, 61(8):2101-2115.
[14]张巍巍,柴永山,孙玉友,等.水稻不同时期群体指标与产量的关系研究[J].中国稻米, 2015,21(6):32-36.
[15] TUHINA-KHATUN M, HANAFI M M, RAFII M Y, et al.Characterisation of globally diverse blast-resistant upland rice(Oryza sativa L)germplasms based on morpho-physiological and yield attributes[J]. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B-Soil&Plant Science, 2016,66(5):417-431.
[16]杨金慧,毛建昌,李发民,等.玉米杂交种农艺性状与籽粒产量的相关和通径分析[J].中国农学通报,2003,19(4):28.
[17]刘宏胜,李映,牛俊义,等.不同旱地春小麦品种(系)花后旗叶生理特性和籽粒产量的分析[J].土壤与作物,2018,7(3):356-364.
[18]陆巍,曹树青,翟虎渠,等.水稻剑叶叶源量及其与产量性状关系的研究[J].南京农业大学学报,2001,24(1):1-4.
[19]杨从党,袁平荣,周能,等.叶型特性与产量构成因素的相关分析[J].中国水稻科学,2001,15(1):70-72.
[20]唐文邦,陈立云,肖应辉,等.水稻功能叶形态及光合速率与产量构成因素的相关研究[J].湖南农业科学,2004(2):29-31.
[21]马均,马文波,明东风,等.重穗型水稻株型特性研究[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(4):679-685.
[22]凌英华,赵芳明,杨正林,等.不同遗传背景下杂交籼稻功能叶与产量构成因素的相关性[J].植物遗传资源学报,2009,10(4):553-559.
[23]刘林,张江周,张学娟,等.广西冬蕉留把数对产量和果实性状的影响[J].热带农业科学,2017,37(4):13-17,21.
[24]李明霞,白岗栓,闫亚丹,等.山地苹果树更新修剪对树体营养及生长的影响[J].园艺学报,2011, 38(1):139-144.
[25]阮班录,刘建海,李雪薇,等.乔砧苹果郁闭园不同改造方法对冠层光照和叶片状况及产量品质的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(18):3805-3811.
[26]龙建春,努尔买买提,阿力木,等.新疆薄壳核桃叶片与果实性状的相关性分析[J].塔里木大学学报, 2017,29(4):46-54.
[27]谭秋锦,许鹏,宋海云,等.澳洲坚果主要农艺性状相关分析及产量因素的通径分析[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(22):84-88.