‘桂辐98-296’种茎补种‘桂糖42号’宿根蔗农艺性状与效益分析
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摘要
研究‘桂辐98-296’(GF98-296)种茎直接补种‘桂糖42号’(GT42)宿根蔗对农艺性状的影响,探讨GF98-296解决甘蔗宿根缺株断垄问题,为推广应用提供科学依据。试验设计GF98-296种茎直接补种GT42宿根(A)、GT42种茎直接补种于GT42宿根(B)和自然状态GT42宿根(CK) 3个处理,在GT42宿根苗期1～4张叶片时期实施补种,并调查各个处理的农艺性状及进行经济效益分析。结果表明:A处理产量达到77.93 t/hm~2,分别比B处理和CK增产14.15、19.79 t/hm~2,增幅分别达22.18%和34.03%,达到极显著差异水平,B处理的产量与CK之间差异不显著;直接补种处理均不影响GT42宿根的发株、成茎、产量和蔗糖分;A处理的GF98-296蔗茎蔗糖分略高于GT42宿根;通过GF98-296种茎直接补种GT42宿根,蔗农增收5506.6元/hm~2,制糖企业可增加工业产值14813.2元/hm~2。GF98-296适宜作为GT42宿根的种茎直接补种品种,应对这项新技术进行大面积示范和推广。
We studied the effects of directly replanting GF98-296 seed cane in GT42 ratoon on agronomic traits of sugarcane, aiming to solve the problem of plant missing in sugarcane ratoon by using GF98-296. Three treatments were designed, which were directly replanting seed cane of GF98-296 in GT42 ratoon(A), directly replanting seed cane of GT42 in GT42 ratoon(B) and natural ratoon of GT42(CK). Seed cane replanting was carried out in 1-4 leaf stage of GT42 ratoon, the agronomic traits of all treatments were investigated and the economic benefits were analyzed in harvest stage. The results showed that the yield of A treatment was 77.93 t/hm~2,increased by 22.18% and 34.03% respectively compared with 14.15 t/hm~2 of B treatment and 19.79 t/hm~2 of CK. The difference between the yield of B and CK was not significant. Directly replanting treatment did not affect the growth, effective stem, yield and sucrose content of GT42. The sucrose content of GF98-296 in A treatment was slightly higher than that of GT42. Directly replanting GF98-296 seed cane in GT42 ratoon could increase the income by 5506.6 yuan/hm~2 for sugarcane farmers, increase industrial output by 14813.2 yuan/hm~2 for sugar enterprise. GF98-296 is suitable for directly replanting in GT42 ratoon, and this new technology should be demonstrated and promoted.
We studied the effects of directly replanting GF98-296 seed cane in GT42 ratoon on agronomic traits of sugarcane, aiming to solve the problem of plant missing in sugarcane ratoon by using GF98-296. Three treatments were designed, which were directly replanting seed cane of GF98-296 in GT42 ratoon(A), directly replanting seed cane of GT42 in GT42 ratoon(B) and natural ratoon of GT42(CK). Seed cane replanting was carried out in 1-4 leaf stage of GT42 ratoon, the agronomic traits of all treatments were investigated and the economic benefits were analyzed in harvest stage. The results showed that the yield of A treatment was 77.93 t/hm~2,increased by 22.18% and 34.03% respectively compared with 14.15 t/hm~2 of B treatment and 19.79 t/hm~2 of CK. The difference between the yield of B and CK was not significant. Directly replanting treatment did not affect the growth, effective stem, yield and sucrose content of GT42. The sucrose content of GF98-296 in A treatment was slightly higher than that of GT42. Directly replanting GF98-296 seed cane in GT42 ratoon could increase the income by 5506.6 yuan/hm~2 for sugarcane farmers, increase industrial output by 14813.2 yuan/hm~2 for sugar enterprise. GF98-296 is suitable for directly replanting in GT42 ratoon, and this new technology should be demonstrated and promoted.
引文
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[14]孙丽娅,上野正实,永田雅辉.不同栽培法和收割期对甘蔗单产及含糖量影响的分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2009,17(5):002-006.
[15]刘锦天.宿根甘蔗发株规律及其高产栽培技术[J].广西蔗糖,1996(3):23-26.
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[17]杨华,冯璐,李复琴.现代甘蔗原料管理技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2013:6.
[18]游建华,梁阗,吴凯朝,等.推广甘蔗新品种桂辐98-296,提高旱坡地单产及节本增效[J].广西糖业,2015(3):6-13.
[19]游建华,刘红坚,刘丽敏,等.甘蔗新品种‘桂辐98-296’与当家品种的对比示范试验及效益分析[J].农学学报,2014(11):23-25,33.
[20]梁阗,游建华,樊保宁,等.下种时段与植蔗沟深度对种茎直接补种宿根甘蔗农艺性状的影响[J].热带农业科学,2017(5):1-4.
[21]邓宇驰,王伦旺,王泽平,等.甘蔗品种桂糖42号的种性及其高产稳产性分析与评价[J].南方农业学报,2018,49(1):42-47.
[2]马丽,蔡青,应雄美,等.29个国外甘蔗种质3年宿根性的产质量评价[J].中国糖料,2010(1):42-43.
[3]覃伟,吴才文,赵俊,等.甘蔗宿根性研究I.甘蔗宿根蔗蔸形态特征与其宿根性的关系[J].西南农学学报,2017,30(5):989-993.
[4]韦昌联.广西蔗区桂糖42号种性退化现状分析及对策措施[J].南方农业学报,2012(12):2113-2117
[5] Yadav R L. Peri ganne main urvarak parbandh[J].Khad Patrika,1985,26(5):25-28.
[6]邓祖湖,林彦铨.不同选择方法对甘蔗宿根性的选择效果分析[J].福建农业科技,2000(增刊):60-61.
[7]梁阗,游建华,吴凯朝,等.桂辐98-296种茎直接补种新台糖22号宿根蔗试验研究初报[J].广西糖业,2016(4):3-9.
[8]王鉴明.甘蔗宿根问题[J].甘蔗糖业,1978(7):13-21.
[9]钮公藩.广西糖业[M].南宁:广西科学技术出版社,2007:7-8.
[10]陈如凯.现代甘蔗育种的理论与实践[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:75-81.
[11]高欣欣,刘少春,张跃彬,等.宿根甘蔗衰退机理与防治措施研究进展[J].亚热带农业研究,2016,12(4):284-288.
[12]谢廷林.宿根蔗前期不同管理水平对甘蔗产量的效应[J].甘蔗糖业,2007(3):11-15.
[13]李杨瑞.现代甘蔗学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010:326-331.
[14]孙丽娅,上野正实,永田雅辉.不同栽培法和收割期对甘蔗单产及含糖量影响的分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2009,17(5):002-006.
[15]刘锦天.宿根甘蔗发株规律及其高产栽培技术[J].广西蔗糖,1996(3):23-26.
[16]游建华,谭宏伟,梁阗,等.一种延长甘蔗宿根的方法[P].中国专利,ZL201410338389.0,2016-05-11.
[17]杨华,冯璐,李复琴.现代甘蔗原料管理技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2013:6.
[18]游建华,梁阗,吴凯朝,等.推广甘蔗新品种桂辐98-296,提高旱坡地单产及节本增效[J].广西糖业,2015(3):6-13.
[19]游建华,刘红坚,刘丽敏,等.甘蔗新品种‘桂辐98-296’与当家品种的对比示范试验及效益分析[J].农学学报,2014(11):23-25,33.
[20]梁阗,游建华,樊保宁,等.下种时段与植蔗沟深度对种茎直接补种宿根甘蔗农艺性状的影响[J].热带农业科学,2017(5):1-4.
[21]邓宇驰,王伦旺,王泽平,等.甘蔗品种桂糖42号的种性及其高产稳产性分析与评价[J].南方农业学报,2018,49(1):42-47.