基于大涡模拟的三角形地形之层结流体湍动能收支模型
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摘要
为了探究海底地形对湍流动能收支的影响,本文使用并行大涡模拟模式(The Parallelized Large-Eddy Simulation Model,PALM),以坡陡作为无量纲地形参数(δ),设置了亚临界、临界和超临界三种地形状态(δ=0.5,1和2)进行数值模拟。文章计算并呈现了地形作用下的流体速度和湍流动能收支分布,以及湍流动能平衡方程各参量。通过回归分析和量纲分析重点讨论了地形顶点处耗散和海表处能量的耗散,与地形坡陡的关系,得出其关系均呈指数形式。
In this paper,to simulate the influence of submarine topography on turbulent kinetic energy balance,we used a parallel large-eddy simulation model,namely,PALM,and set up three terrains with slope as a dimensionless terrain parameter:slope δ=0.5,1,and 2,represents three kinds of terrains,the critical,subcritical,and supercritical state,respectively.We introduced a parallel large-eddy simulation model and analyzed the distribution of velocity and turbulent kinetic energy budgets and parameters of the turbulent kinetic energy budget equation.Through regression analysis and dimensional analysis,our results explored the relation between dissipation of topography top and terrain slope and between dissipation of sea surface area and terrain slope.
In this paper,to simulate the influence of submarine topography on turbulent kinetic energy balance,we used a parallel large-eddy simulation model,namely,PALM,and set up three terrains with slope as a dimensionless terrain parameter:slope δ=0.5,1,and 2,represents three kinds of terrains,the critical,subcritical,and supercritical state,respectively.We introduced a parallel large-eddy simulation model and analyzed the distribution of velocity and turbulent kinetic energy budgets and parameters of the turbulent kinetic energy budget equation.Through regression analysis and dimensional analysis,our results explored the relation between dissipation of topography top and terrain slope and between dissipation of sea surface area and terrain slope.
引文
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[13]Brearley J A,Sheen K L,Naveira Garabato A C,et al.Eddy-Induced modulation of turbulent dissipation over rough topography in the Southern Ocean[J].Journal of Physical Oceanography,2013,43(11):2288-2308.
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[16]Jalali M,Vandine A,Chalamalla V K,et al.Oscillatory stratified flow over supercritical topography:Wave energetics and turbulence[J].Computers&Fluids,2016,158:1-236.
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[18]Skyllingstad E D,Smyth W D,Crawford G.Resonantwind-driven mixing in the ocean boundary layer[J].Journal of Physical Oceanography,2000,30(8):1866-1890.
[2]Smagorinsky J S.General circulation experiments with the primitive equations[J].Monthly Weather Review,1963,91:99-164.
[3]Deardorff J W.A numerical study of three-dimensional turbulent channel flow at large Reynolds numbers[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1970,41:453.
[4]Large W G, Gent P R.Validation of vertical mixing in an equatorial ocean model using large eddy simulations and observations[J].Journal of Physical Oceanography,1999,29(3):449-464.
[5]Mcwilliams J C,Sullivan P P.Vertical mixing byLangmuir circulations[J].Spill Science&Technology Bulletin,2000,6(3):225-237.
[6]Soldati A,Marchioli C.Sediment transport in steady turbulent boundary layers:Potentials,limitations,and perspectives for Lagrangian tracking in DNS and LES[J].Advances in Water Resources,2012,48(9):18-30.
[7]Harris J C,Grilli S T.A perturbation approach to large eddy simulation of wave-induced bottom boundary layer flows[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids,2012,68(12):15 74-1604.
[8]Bretherton F P,Haidvogel D B.Two-dimensional turbulence above topography[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1976,78(1):129-154.
[9]Inall M,Rippeth T,Griffiths C,et al.Evolution and distribution of TKE production and dissipation within stratified flow over topography[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2005,320(8):487-500.
[10]刘欢,吴超羽,许炜铭,等.珠江河口底边界层揣流特征量研究[J].海洋工程,2009,27(1):62-69.Liu Huan,Wu Chaoyu,Xu Weiming,et al.Study on turbulence characteristics of bottom boundary layer in Pearl River Estuary[J].Oceanographic Engineering,2009,27(1):62-69.
[11]庄逢甘.湍流耗散的研究[J].物理学报,1953,9(3):201-214.Zhuang Fenggan.Study on Turbulence Dissipation[J].Acta Physica Sinica,1953,9(3):201-214.
[12]王兵,张会强,王希麟.亚格子尺度湍流特性研究[J].工程力学,2006,23(2):47-51.Wang Bing,Zhang Huiqiang,Wang Xilin.Study on subgrid scale turbulence characteristics[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(2):47-5 1,
[13]Brearley J A,Sheen K L,Naveira Garabato A C,et al.Eddy-Induced modulation of turbulent dissipation over rough topography in the Southern Ocean[J].Journal of Physical Oceanography,2013,43(11):2288-2308.
[14]Calhoun R J,Street R L.Turbulent flow over a wavy surface:Neutral case[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans,2001,106(C5):9277-9293.
[15]Grigoriadis D G E.,Dimas A A,Balaras E.Large-eddy simulation of wave turbulent boundary layer over rippled bed[J].Coastal Engineering,2012,60(2):174-189.
[16]Jalali M,Vandine A,Chalamalla V K,et al.Oscillatory stratified flow over supercritical topography:Wave energetics and turbulence[J].Computers&Fluids,2016,158:1-236.
[17]Maronga B,Gryschka M,Heinze R,et al.The Parallelized Large-Eddy Simulation Model(PALM)version4.0 for atmospheric and oceanic flows:model formulation,recent developments,and future perspectives[J].Geoscientific Model Development Discussions,2015,8(8):2515-2551.
[18]Skyllingstad E D,Smyth W D,Crawford G.Resonantwind-driven mixing in the ocean boundary layer[J].Journal of Physical Oceanography,2000,30(8):1866-1890.