Cd在吉林省3种典型土壤上的吸附及其影响因素研究
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摘要
为了解Cd在不同土壤类型中的吸附特性,通过批量平衡吸附试验,探究了重金属Cd在吉林省盐碱土、黑土和白浆土3种典型土壤中的吸附行为及不同影响因素对Cd吸附特性的影响。结果表明:Cd在3种土壤中的吸附过程用Langmuir模型拟合最优,且对Cd的最大吸附量顺序为盐碱土>黑土>白浆土;与准一级动力学方程相比,准二级动力学方程对3种土壤吸附Cd的拟合效果更好,说明3种土壤对Cd的吸附过程是多重吸附共同作用的结果;Cd在3种土壤中的吸附均为自发、吸热和无序反应;在试验pH范围内(3.0～11.0),3种土壤对Cd的吸附量呈现先增加后趋于平衡的趋势;Al~(3+)和Ca~(2+)浓度的增加均使3种土壤对Cd的吸附量减少;添加生物质炭后3种土壤对Cd的吸附量增加。
In order to determine the adsorption characteristics of Cd and the various influencing factors in different soils, mass equilibrium adsorption experiments were conducted in saline-alkali soil, black soil, and planosol. The results indicated that the Langmuir model explained adsorption in the three types of soils. Maximum Cd adsorption occurred in saline-alkali soil, followed by black soil then planosol.The pseudo-second-order kinetic equation had a better fitting effect than the pseudo-first-order kinetic equation for Cd adsorption in the three soils. Cd adsorption in the soils was spontaneous, endothermic, and random. Within a pH range of 3.0～11.0, Cd adsorption in the three soils first increased then became more stable. By increasing the concentration of Al~(3+) and Ca~(2+), Cd adsorption decreased in the soils whereas adding biomass charcoal increased Cd absorption. These results can be used to understand the adsorption behavior of Cd in different soils and provide a theoretical basis for Cd-contaminated soil remediation.
In order to determine the adsorption characteristics of Cd and the various influencing factors in different soils, mass equilibrium adsorption experiments were conducted in saline-alkali soil, black soil, and planosol. The results indicated that the Langmuir model explained adsorption in the three types of soils. Maximum Cd adsorption occurred in saline-alkali soil, followed by black soil then planosol.The pseudo-second-order kinetic equation had a better fitting effect than the pseudo-first-order kinetic equation for Cd adsorption in the three soils. Cd adsorption in the soils was spontaneous, endothermic, and random. Within a pH range of 3.0～11.0, Cd adsorption in the three soils first increased then became more stable. By increasing the concentration of Al~(3+) and Ca~(2+), Cd adsorption decreased in the soils whereas adding biomass charcoal increased Cd absorption. These results can be used to understand the adsorption behavior of Cd in different soils and provide a theoretical basis for Cd-contaminated soil remediation.
引文
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[23]蒋田雨,姜军,徐仁扣,等.稻草生物质炭对3种可变电荷土壤吸附Cd(Ⅱ)的影响[J].农业环境科学学报, 2012, 31(6):1111-1117.JIANG Tian-yu, JIANG Jun, XU Ren-kou, et al. Effect of biochar from rice straw on adsorption of Cd(Ⅱ)by variable charge soils[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2012, 31(6):1111-1117.
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[29] Mustafa G, Singh B, Kookana R S. Cadmium adsorption and desorption behaviour on goethite at low equilibrium concentrations:Effects of pH and index cations[J]. Chemosphere, 2004, 57(10):1325-1333.
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[2] Sun Y, Zhou Q, Diao C. Effects of cadmium and arsenic on growth and metal accumulation of Cd-hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L.[J].Bioresource Technology, 2008, 99(5):1103-1110.
[3] Ke S, Cheng X Y, Zhang N, et al. Cadmium contamination of rice from various polluted areas of China and its potential risks to human health[J]. Environmental Monitoring&Assessment, 2015, 187(7):408.
[4]孙冬梅.浅谈食品中重金属的危害及应对措施[J].食品安全导刊,2015(15):37.SUN Dong-mei. Talking about the harm of heavy metals in food and the countermeasures[J]. China Food Safety Magazine, 2015(15):37.
[5]徐林林,张立中.吉林北部地区农田土壤重金属分布及来源解析[J].实验室研究与探索, 2015, 34(6):27-30.XU Lin-lin, ZHANG Li-zhong. The distribution and sources of heavy metals in farmland soil of the north-central area of Jilin Province[J].Research and Exploration in Laboratory, 2015, 34(6):27-30.
[6]刘博洋.吉林省西部盐碱土不同利用方式对土壤化学性质的影响[D].长春:吉林农业大学, 2016.LIU Bo-yang. The influences of the different ways of land use on saline alkali soil chemical properties in the west of Jilin Province[D]. Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University, 2016.
[7]王帅,王楠,张晋京,等.白浆土NH4+吸附特征的影响因素[J].中国土壤与肥料, 2015(2):22-28.WANG Shuai, WANG Nan, ZHANG Jin-jing, et al. Influencing factors of NH4+adsorption characteristics on albic soil[J]. Soils and Fertilizers Sciences in China, 2015(2):22-28.
[8]李会彬,李东坡,武志杰,等.不同开垦年限白浆土磷素吸附特征[J].水土保持学报, 2013, 27(3):218-223.LI Hui-bin, LI Dong-po, WU Zhi-jie, et al. The phosphorus adsorption characteristics of alibic soil under different cultivation years[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2013, 27(3):218-223.
[9]常娟,白玲,冷婧,等.江西省典型水稻土对镉的吸附解吸特性研究[J].土壤通报, 2016, 47(4):986-991.CHANG Juan, BAI Ling, LENG Jing, et al. Studies on the adsorption and desorption of cadmium in typical paddy soil in Jiangxi Province[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2016, 47(4):986-991.
[10]朱丹尼.岩溶区典型石灰性土壤对Cd2+的吸附解吸特性[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京), 2016.ZHU Dan-ni. Adsorption and desorption characteristics of cadmium in calcareous soils on karst area[D]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing), 2016.
[11]王丽红,孙飞,陈春梅,等.酸化土壤铝和镉对水稻幼苗根系生长的复合影响[J].农业环境科学学报, 2013, 32(12):2511-2512.WANG Li-hong, SUN Fei, CHEN Chun-mei, et al. Combined effects of aluminum and cadmium in acidified soil on root growth in rice seedlings[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2013, 32(12):2511-2512.
[12]刘秀梅,王渌,王华田,等.磁化微咸水灌溉对土壤交换性盐基离子组成的影响[J].水土保持学报, 2016, 30(2):266-271.LIU Xiu-mei, WANG Lu, WANG Hua-tian, et al. Effects of magnetic branckish water irrigation on composition of soil exchangeable base ions[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2016, 30(2):266-271.
[13] Peng X, Ye L L, Wang C H, et al. Temperature and duration dependent rice straw-derived biochar:Characteristics and its effects on soil properties of an ultisol in southern China[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2011, 112(12):159-166.
[14]王金贵.我国典型农田土壤中重金属镉的吸附-解吸特征研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学, 2012.WANG Jin-gui. Adsorption-desorption characteristics of cadmium in typical agricultural soils in China[D]. Yangling:Northwest A&F University, 2012.
[15]黄界颍,伍震威,徐晓春,等.秸秆还田对土壤Cd(Ⅱ)吸附-解吸的影响[J].水土保持通报, 2016, 36(2):129-135.HUANG Jie-ying, WU Zhen-wei, XU Xiao-chun, et al. Effects of straw returning on adsorption-desorption characteristics of Cd(Ⅱ)in soils[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2016, 36(2):129-135.
[16]王彤彤,马江波,曲东,等.两种木材生物炭对铜离子的吸附特性及其机制[J].环境科学, 2017, 38(5):2161-2171.WANG Tong-tong, MA Jiang-bo, QU Dong, et al. Characteristics and mechanism of copper adsorption from aqueous solutions on biochar produced from sawdust and apple branch[J]. Environmental Science,2017, 38(5):2161-2171.
[17] Rao K S, Anand S, Venkateswarlu P. Adsorption of cadmium(Ⅱ)ions from aqueous solution by Tectona grandis L. F.(teak leaves powder)[J]. Bio Resources, 2010, 5(1):438-454.
[18]徐楠楠.生物炭对Cd污染土壤钝化修复效应研究[D].长春:吉林大学, 2014.XU Nan-nan. The effects of biochar on immobilization remediation of soil contaminated by cadmium[D]. Changchun:Jilin University, 2014.
[19]王金贵,吕家珑,曹莹菲.镉和铅在2种典型土壤中的吸附及其与温度的关系[J].水土保持学报, 2011, 25(6):254-259.WANG Jin-gui, LüJia-long, CAO Ying-fei, et al. Adsorption of cadmium and lead in two typical soils as affected by temperature[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2011, 25(6):254-259.
[20]胡宁静,骆永明,宋静.长江三角洲地区典型土壤对镉的吸附及其与有机质、pH和温度的关系[J].土壤学报, 2007, 44(3):437-443.HU Ning-jing, LUO Yong-ming, SONG Jing, et al. Influence of soil organic matter, pH and temperature on Cd sorption by four soils Yangtze River delta[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2007, 44(3):437-443.
[21]江承香,夏建国,贺文林,等.磷(P)对老冲积黄壤微团聚体表面砷[As(Ⅴ)]吸附-解吸的研究[J].环境科学学报, 2016, 36(3):966-973.JIANG Cheng-xiang, XIA Jian-guo, HE Wen-lin, et al. Effect of P on adsorption and desorption characteristics of As(Ⅴ)on microaggregates from old alluvial yellow soil[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2016, 36(3):966-973.
[22]任力洁,马秀兰,边炜涛,等.湖库底泥对重金属Pb吸附特性的研究[J].水土保持学报, 2016, 30(5):255-260.REN Li-jie, MA Xiu-lan, BIAN Wei-tao, et al. The adsorption characteristic research of Pb in reservior sediment[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2016, 30(5):255-260.
[23]蒋田雨,姜军,徐仁扣,等.稻草生物质炭对3种可变电荷土壤吸附Cd(Ⅱ)的影响[J].农业环境科学学报, 2012, 31(6):1111-1117.JIANG Tian-yu, JIANG Jun, XU Ren-kou, et al. Effect of biochar from rice straw on adsorption of Cd(Ⅱ)by variable charge soils[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2012, 31(6):1111-1117.
[24] Adhikari T, Singh M V. Sorption characteristics of lead and cadmium in some soils of India[J]. Geoderma, 2003, 114(1/2):81-92.
[25]朱银涛,李业东,王明玉,等.玉米秸秆碱化处理制备的生物炭吸附锌的特性研究[J].农业环境科学学报, 2018, 37(1):179-185.ZHU Yin-tao, LI Ye-dong, WANG Ming-yu, et al. Adsorption characteristics of biochar prepared by corn stalk alkalization on zinc[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2018, 37(1):179-185.
[26] Rao R A K, Kashifuddin M. Adsorption studies of Cd(Ⅱ)on ball clay:Comparison with other natural clays[J]. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2012, 37(1):183-185.
[27] Bradl H B. Adsorption of heavy metal ions on soils and soils constituents[J]. Journal of Colloid&Interface Science, 2004, 277(1):1-18.
[28]段珺雅.铝分析方法的优化及其在白浆土中吸附解吸特性的研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学, 2016.DUAN Jun-ya. Optimization of aluminum analysis method and adsorption-desorption characteristics of aluminum in Planosol soil[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University, 2016.
[29] Mustafa G, Singh B, Kookana R S. Cadmium adsorption and desorption behaviour on goethite at low equilibrium concentrations:Effects of pH and index cations[J]. Chemosphere, 2004, 57(10):1325-1333.
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