2016—2018年惠州市集中式生活饮用水水质分析与评价
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摘要
目的了解惠州市生活饮用水水质卫生状况,为提高全市饮用水卫生质量提供科学依据。方法用水质综合指数法,对2016—2018年惠州市集中式出厂水、末梢水和二次供水进行分析与评价。结果 2016—2018年共检测集中式生活饮用水水样1 061份,平均水质综合指数WQI为0. 51±0. 71,水质合格率为92. 46%,3种生活饮用水总体水质差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。出厂水在不同年份和不同采样类型下水质及其合格率差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05);末梢水水质在2018年达到最优,且枯水期水质优于丰水期水质,城市末梢水水质优于农村末梢水水质,水质差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05);二次供水在各分类下水质差异均无统计学意义,且各分类的水质合格率均为100. 00%;另外,不同水源类型的出厂水水质差异无统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论 2016—2018年惠州市集中式生活饮用水水质总体较好。
Objective To understand the sanitary status of drinking water in Huizhou City,and to provide a scientific basis for improving the quality of drinking water in the city. Methods The quality of centralized finished water,tap water and secondary water supply in Huizhou City from 2016 to 2018 was analyzed and evaluated by comprehensive index method. Results A total of 1 061 centralized drinking water samples were tested from 2016 to 2018. The average WQI was 0. 51 ± 0. 71,and the pass rate of water quality was 92. 46%. There was no statistically significant difference in the overall water quality of three kinds of drinking water. There were significant differences in the quality and qualification rate of the finished water in different years and sampling types. The quality of tap water reached the optimum level in 2018,and the quality of the tap water in the dry season was better than that in the rich season. The quality of urban tap water was better than that of rural tap water,and the difference was statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference in the quality of secondary water supply under each classification,and the pass rate of each classification was 100. 00%. In addition,there was no statistically significant difference in the quality of the finished water from different sources. Conclusion The quality of centralized drinking water in Huizhou from 2016 to 2018 was generally good.
Objective To understand the sanitary status of drinking water in Huizhou City,and to provide a scientific basis for improving the quality of drinking water in the city. Methods The quality of centralized finished water,tap water and secondary water supply in Huizhou City from 2016 to 2018 was analyzed and evaluated by comprehensive index method. Results A total of 1 061 centralized drinking water samples were tested from 2016 to 2018. The average WQI was 0. 51 ± 0. 71,and the pass rate of water quality was 92. 46%. There was no statistically significant difference in the overall water quality of three kinds of drinking water. There were significant differences in the quality and qualification rate of the finished water in different years and sampling types. The quality of tap water reached the optimum level in 2018,and the quality of the tap water in the dry season was better than that in the rich season. The quality of urban tap water was better than that of rural tap water,and the difference was statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference in the quality of secondary water supply under each classification,and the pass rate of each classification was 100. 00%. In addition,there was no statistically significant difference in the quality of the finished water from different sources. Conclusion The quality of centralized drinking water in Huizhou from 2016 to 2018 was generally good.
引文
[1] GB 5749-2006生活饮用水卫生标准[S]. 2006.
[2]高爽.主成分分析-BP神经网络法在漳河水质评价中的联合应用[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2018.
[3]何福娟,刘永强.基于动态可变模糊综合评判法地下水水质评价[J].水资源与水工程学报,2017,28(6):38-43.
[4]王红,姚君兰,李艳蔷,等.基于主成分分析法的梁子湖水质评价分析[J].湖北大学学报(自然科学版),2017,39(6):601-608.
[5]张姝歆.中美地表饮用水源法律保护制度和水质评价方法的研究[D].北京:首都经济贸易大学,2017.
[6]孔刚,王全九,黄强.基于BP神经网络的北京昌平山前平原地下水水质评价[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(S1):150-156+389.
[7]周淼,李维刚,易灵.四种水质评价方法的特点分析与比较研究[J].环境科学与管理,2016,41(12):173-177.
[8]李海华,邢静,孙杨帅,等.基于组合赋权模糊综合评价的黄河干流水源地水质评价[J].水生态学杂志,2015,36(5):44-50.
[9]张亚丽,周扬,程真,等.不同水质评价方法在丹江口流域水质评价中应用比较[J].中国环境监测,2015,31(3):58-61.
[10] LI R,ZOU Z H,YAN A N. Water quality assessment in Qu River based on fuzzy water pollution index method[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences,2016(50):87-92.
[11]?EHNAZ ?,ERHAN ?,AY?EN D. Evaluation of water quality using water quality index(WQI)method and GIS in Aksu River(SW-Turkey)[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2017(584-585):131-144.
[12] HEFNI E,ROMANTO,YUSLI W. Water quality status of Ciambulawung River,Banten Province,Based on Pollution Index and NSF-WQI[J]. Procedia Environmental Sciences,2015(24):228-237.
[13] SALAM H E,SALWAN A A. Water quality index for Al-Gharraf River,southern Iraq[J]. The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research,2017,43(2):117-122.
[14] MEHRNOOSH A,NAJMEH G,KAMYAR Y,et al. A modified drinking water quality index(DWQI)for assessing drinking source water quality in rural communities of Khuzestan Province,Iran[J]. Ecological Indicators,2015(53):283-291.
[15] GB/T 5750-2006生活饮用水标准检验方法[S]. 2006.
[16]袁东,陈仁杰,钱海雷,等.城市生活饮用水综合指数评价方法建立及其应用[J].环境与职业医学,2010,27(5):257-260.
[17]白文娟.应用综合指数法评价武汉市生活饮用水水质[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2018,29(3):73-76.
[18]王爱新.章丘市2013—2015年居民生活饮用水水质检测结果与分析[D].济南:山东大学,2018.
[19]姜晓茜.基于管网水质安全保障的余氯衰减AVRC模型研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2018.
[20]戚雷强.基于余氯衰减的水质模型建立及应用研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2016.
[21]王龄庆,王金玉,李盛,等. 2016年兰州市农村环境卫生状况调查[J].疾病预防控制通报,2017,32(6):70-73.
[2]高爽.主成分分析-BP神经网络法在漳河水质评价中的联合应用[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2018.
[3]何福娟,刘永强.基于动态可变模糊综合评判法地下水水质评价[J].水资源与水工程学报,2017,28(6):38-43.
[4]王红,姚君兰,李艳蔷,等.基于主成分分析法的梁子湖水质评价分析[J].湖北大学学报(自然科学版),2017,39(6):601-608.
[5]张姝歆.中美地表饮用水源法律保护制度和水质评价方法的研究[D].北京:首都经济贸易大学,2017.
[6]孔刚,王全九,黄强.基于BP神经网络的北京昌平山前平原地下水水质评价[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(S1):150-156+389.
[7]周淼,李维刚,易灵.四种水质评价方法的特点分析与比较研究[J].环境科学与管理,2016,41(12):173-177.
[8]李海华,邢静,孙杨帅,等.基于组合赋权模糊综合评价的黄河干流水源地水质评价[J].水生态学杂志,2015,36(5):44-50.
[9]张亚丽,周扬,程真,等.不同水质评价方法在丹江口流域水质评价中应用比较[J].中国环境监测,2015,31(3):58-61.
[10] LI R,ZOU Z H,YAN A N. Water quality assessment in Qu River based on fuzzy water pollution index method[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences,2016(50):87-92.
[11]?EHNAZ ?,ERHAN ?,AY?EN D. Evaluation of water quality using water quality index(WQI)method and GIS in Aksu River(SW-Turkey)[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2017(584-585):131-144.
[12] HEFNI E,ROMANTO,YUSLI W. Water quality status of Ciambulawung River,Banten Province,Based on Pollution Index and NSF-WQI[J]. Procedia Environmental Sciences,2015(24):228-237.
[13] SALAM H E,SALWAN A A. Water quality index for Al-Gharraf River,southern Iraq[J]. The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research,2017,43(2):117-122.
[14] MEHRNOOSH A,NAJMEH G,KAMYAR Y,et al. A modified drinking water quality index(DWQI)for assessing drinking source water quality in rural communities of Khuzestan Province,Iran[J]. Ecological Indicators,2015(53):283-291.
[15] GB/T 5750-2006生活饮用水标准检验方法[S]. 2006.
[16]袁东,陈仁杰,钱海雷,等.城市生活饮用水综合指数评价方法建立及其应用[J].环境与职业医学,2010,27(5):257-260.
[17]白文娟.应用综合指数法评价武汉市生活饮用水水质[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2018,29(3):73-76.
[18]王爱新.章丘市2013—2015年居民生活饮用水水质检测结果与分析[D].济南:山东大学,2018.
[19]姜晓茜.基于管网水质安全保障的余氯衰减AVRC模型研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2018.
[20]戚雷强.基于余氯衰减的水质模型建立及应用研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2016.
[21]王龄庆,王金玉,李盛,等. 2016年兰州市农村环境卫生状况调查[J].疾病预防控制通报,2017,32(6):70-73.