中缅管道初设阶段水工保护工程量优化计算方法
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摘要
水工保护结构是油气长输管道的关键附属工程,针对目前油气管道初步设计阶段水工保护工程量的计算难以满足工程概算精度的实际问题,以中缅管道为例,提出了管道初步设计阶段水工保护工程量的优化计算方法。通过分析已建油气管道初步设计阶段与竣工阶段的水工保护工程量偏差因素,梳理了中缅管道水工保护工程量的9种计算要素,针对不同材料和结构形式的水工保护建立了新的工程量计算公式。采用Global Mapper和ArcGIS等GIS软件提取中缅管道沿线的坡度和长度系数,确定了优化计算公式中的部分参数。中缅管道工程竣工后,对比了初步设计阶段水工保护工程量与竣工工程量,结果表明:初步设计阶段水工保护工程量的计算准确率相对较高,证明该计算方法可行,能够为精确计算初步设计阶段水工保护工程量提供新思路。(图5,表5,参20)
Erosion control structure is a key accessory engineering of long-distance oil and gas pipelines, and the current methods for calculating the erosion control engineering quantities in the preliminary design stage of oil and gas pipeline can hardly satisfy the demand of budget estimation accuracy. In this paper, an optimized calculation method used for the erosion control engineering quantities in the preliminary design stage of pipeline was proposed with the China-Myanmar Pipeline as an example. Firstly, 9 calculation elements of erosion control engineering quantities of the China-Myanmar Pipeline were investigated by analyzing the factors leading to the deviation of the erosion control engineering quantities in the preliminary design stage and the completion stage of completed oil and gas pipelines, and new formulas for calculating the engineering quantities were set up for erosion control engineering with different materials and structures. Then, the slopes and length coefficients along the China-Myanmar Pipeline were extracted by GIS software(e.g. Global Mapper and ArcGIS), and some parameters in the optimized calculation formula were determined. After the China-Myanmar Pipeline was completed, its erosion control engineering quantities in the preliminary design stage was compared with that in the completion stage. The results show that the calculation accuracy of erosion control engineering quantities in the preliminary design stage is higher.It is proved that this optimized calculation method is feasible and it provides a new idea for the accurate calculation of erosion control engineering quantities in the preliminary design stage.(5 Figures, 5 Tables, 20 References)
Erosion control structure is a key accessory engineering of long-distance oil and gas pipelines, and the current methods for calculating the erosion control engineering quantities in the preliminary design stage of oil and gas pipeline can hardly satisfy the demand of budget estimation accuracy. In this paper, an optimized calculation method used for the erosion control engineering quantities in the preliminary design stage of pipeline was proposed with the China-Myanmar Pipeline as an example. Firstly, 9 calculation elements of erosion control engineering quantities of the China-Myanmar Pipeline were investigated by analyzing the factors leading to the deviation of the erosion control engineering quantities in the preliminary design stage and the completion stage of completed oil and gas pipelines, and new formulas for calculating the engineering quantities were set up for erosion control engineering with different materials and structures. Then, the slopes and length coefficients along the China-Myanmar Pipeline were extracted by GIS software(e.g. Global Mapper and ArcGIS), and some parameters in the optimized calculation formula were determined. After the China-Myanmar Pipeline was completed, its erosion control engineering quantities in the preliminary design stage was compared with that in the completion stage. The results show that the calculation accuracy of erosion control engineering quantities in the preliminary design stage is higher.It is proved that this optimized calculation method is feasible and it provides a new idea for the accurate calculation of erosion control engineering quantities in the preliminary design stage.(5 Figures, 5 Tables, 20 References)
引文
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[17]王亮,隋晓丹.利用ArcMap空间分析功能进行面蚀侵蚀强度分级[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(2):76-79.WANG L,SUI X D.Classification of surface erosion intensity through ArcMap spatial analysis[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,29(2):76-79.
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[2]何祖祥,李寄,杨帆.ArcGIS环境下基于DEM的油气管道坡度分析[J].工程与建设,2016,30(4):483-485,504.HE Z X,LI J,YANG F.Petroleum pipeline slope analysis in ArcGIS based on DEM[J].Engineering and Construction,2016,30(4):483-485,504.
[3]薛辉,杨学青.中缅管道途经典型地质灾害影响区域的设计与建设[J].油气储运,2013,32(12):1320-1329.XUE H,YANG X Q.Design and construction of Sino-Burma Oil-Gas Pipeline in typical geological hazard areas[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2013,32(12):1320-1329.
[4]刘晓娟,袁莉,刘鑫.地质灾害对油气管道的危害及风险消减措施[J].四川地质学报,2018,38(3):488-492.LIU X J,YUAN L,LIU X.Advances in the study of harm of geohazards to oil and gas pipelines and risk mitigation measures[J].Acta Geological Sichuan,2018,38(3):488-492.
[5]BEAN B.Maps to models-building distribution system models from GIS or CAD data[C].Napa Valley:PSIG Annual Meeting,2011:PSIG-1105.
[6]吴忠良.长输油气管道水工保护效能评价方法[J].油气储运,2014,33(5):538-541.WU Z L.Efficiency evaluation method for hydrotechnical prevention project of long-distance oil&gas pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2014,33(5):538-541.
[7]BRENT M.Using GIS information to build pipeline models[C].Baltimore:PSIG Annual Meeting,2014:PSIG-1404.
[8]王生新,周刚,徐震,等.冲积扇上油气管道水工保护措施及破坏类型[J].石油工程建设,2017,43(5):1-6.WANG S X,ZHOU G,XU Z,et al.Hydraulic protection measures and damage types of oil and gas pipelines on alluvial fan[J].Petroleum Engineering Construction,2017,43(5):1-6.
[9]张满银,王生新,孙志忠,等.基于云理论的油气管道滑坡危险性综合评价[J].工程科学学报,2018,40(4):427-437.ZHANG M Y,WANG S X,SUN Z Z,et al.Comprehensive evaluation of landslide risks of oil and gas pipelines based on cloud theory[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering,2018,40(4):427-437.
[10]王海燕,王海军,张长印,等.油田道路对水土保持功能的影响评价[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(6):127-131.WANG H Y,WANG H J,ZHANG C Y,et al.Evaluation on effects of oilfield roads on soil and water conservation function[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,38(6):127-131.
[11]DRRAGUT L,EISANK C,STRASSER T.Local variance for multi-scale analysis in geomorphometry[J].Geomorphology,2011,130(3/4):162-172.
[12]朱奇峰,杨勤科,师动,等.坡度分级方法对坡度制图的影响[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(3):314-320.ZHU Q F,YANG Q K,SHI D,et al.Influence of slope classification method on slope mapping[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,37(3):314-320.
[13]余婧峰,余银普.GIS坡度分级法在藏区大高差电力线路设计中的应用[J].四川电力技术,2015,38(3):62-67.YU J F,YU Y P.Application of GIS gradient grading method in the design of power line with large height difference in Tibetarea[J].Sichuan Electric Power Technology,2015,38(3):62-67.
[14]冯磊,朱大明.基于DEM的地学分析方法探讨与实现[J].河南科学,2012,30(7):917-920.FENG L,ZHU D M.Research and implementation of geographical analysis method based on DEM[J].Henan Sciences,2012,30(7):917-920.
[15]朱雷,秦富仓,苏江.基于ArcGIS9.3的等高线生成DEM及坡度坡向分析[J].内蒙古林业调查设计,2014,37(2):125-128.ZHU L,QIN F C,SU J.Building and slope-aspect analysis of DEM based on ArcGIS 9.3[J].Inner Mongolia Forestry Investigation and Design,2014,37(2):125-128.
[16]夏积德,张养安,周波,等.基于ArcGIS和DEM的水文地质分析方法初探[J].杨凌职业技术学院学报,2016,15(3):11-14,20.XIA J D,ZHANG Y A,ZHOU B,et al.The preliminary method study of hydrogeology analysis based on ArcGIS and DEM[J].Journal of Yangling Vocational&Technical College,2016,15(3):11-14,20.
[17]王亮,隋晓丹.利用ArcMap空间分析功能进行面蚀侵蚀强度分级[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(2):76-79.WANG L,SUI X D.Classification of surface erosion intensity through ArcMap spatial analysis[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,29(2):76-79.
[18]杨勤科,贾大韦,李锐,等.基于DEM的坡度研究:现状与展望[J].水土保持通报,2007,27(1):146-150.YANG Q K,JIA D W,LI R,et al.Research on DEM derived slope:A review and prospective[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,27(1):146-150.
[19]PIKE R J,EVANS I S,HENGl T.Geomorphometry:A brief guide[J].Developments in Soil Science,2009,33(8):3-30.
[20]OLAYA V.Basic land-surface parameters[J].Developments in Soil Science,2009,33(8):141-169.