6个山药品种的比较试验
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摘要
对6个山药品种进行生育期、农艺性状、产量及品质的比较试验。结果表明,山西本地2个山药品种(平遥岳壁山药和孝义梧桐山药)适应性较强,适口性好,但其产量低,表皮粗糙,品种退化严重,需进行品种提纯、改良或者申请地理标志产品加以开发利用;晋山药一号作为山西近年来审定的品种,适应性强,产量最高、品质优且块茎表皮光滑,适宜蒸食或进行山药粉和山药饮料加工处理,适宜在山西推广种植;河北麻山药产量居中,外省市场需求量大,需进行系选提高该品种在山西的产量;白玉山药因山药栽子过长,加大了起山药时的用工量,需进行品种改良;山东细毛山药因生育期短,易蒸熟,应作为早熟品种加以推广种植。
The comparative experiments of growth period, agronomic traits, yield and quality of six yam varieties were carried out in this paper. The results showed that the two local yam species in Shanxi(Pingyao Yuebi yam and Xiaoyi Wutong yam)had strong adaptability and good palatability, but their yields were low, their epidermis was rough, and their varieties were seriously degraded. They needed to be purified, improved or applied for geographical indication products for development and utilization. Jinyam 1, as a variety approved by Shanxi in recent years, had strong adaptability, the highest yield, high quality and smooth tuber epidermis. It was suitable for steaming or processing yam powder and yam beverage, and suitable for popularization and planting in Shanxi. The yield of yam in Hebei was in the middle, and the market demand in other provinces was large. It was necessary to select lines to improve the yield of this variety in Shanxi. Baiyu yam needed to be improved because of its long planting, which increased the workload of yam. Shandong fine-haired yam should be popularized as an early-maturing variety because of its short growth period and easy steaming.
The comparative experiments of growth period, agronomic traits, yield and quality of six yam varieties were carried out in this paper. The results showed that the two local yam species in Shanxi(Pingyao Yuebi yam and Xiaoyi Wutong yam)had strong adaptability and good palatability, but their yields were low, their epidermis was rough, and their varieties were seriously degraded. They needed to be purified, improved or applied for geographical indication products for development and utilization. Jinyam 1, as a variety approved by Shanxi in recent years, had strong adaptability, the highest yield, high quality and smooth tuber epidermis. It was suitable for steaming or processing yam powder and yam beverage, and suitable for popularization and planting in Shanxi. The yield of yam in Hebei was in the middle, and the market demand in other provinces was large. It was necessary to select lines to improve the yield of this variety in Shanxi. Baiyu yam needed to be improved because of its long planting, which increased the workload of yam. Shandong fine-haired yam should be popularized as an early-maturing variety because of its short growth period and easy steaming.
引文
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[6]华树妹,贺佩珍,陈芝华,等.应用SRAP标记构建山药种质资源DNA指纹图谱[J].植物遗传资源学报,2014,15(3):527.
[7]王蓉蓉,王定国,田子明.山药新品种瑞山药的选育与栽培技术探析[J].杂粮作物,2015(2):12.
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[9]王耀琴,刘建平,南怀林,等.晋山药农艺和农机相结合的简约化栽培技术研究[J].农业科技通讯,2016(3):82-85.
[10]王海清.山药栽培技术研究进展[J].农业科技通讯,2017(10):161-164.
[11]龚明霞,海玲,袁红娟,等.外源赤霉素和多效唑对山药块茎膨大和零余子形成的影响[J].园艺学报,2015,42(6):1175-1184.
[12]陈耀兵.不同山药品种比较试验研究[J].湖北农业科学,2018,57(15):74-76,94.
[2]齐建红.山药的化学成分及其生物活性[J].西安文理学院学报(自然科学版),2010,13(4):12.
[3]姚宗凡,黄英姿.常用中药种植技术[M].北京:金盾出版社,1989.
[4]袁书林.山药的化学成分和生物活性作用研究进展[J].食品研究与开发,2008,29(3):176-179.
[5]李小侠,吴志刚,魏余煌,等.应用灰色关联分析方法综合评价温州山药种质资源[J].浙江农业科学,2012(3):332-335.
[6]华树妹,贺佩珍,陈芝华,等.应用SRAP标记构建山药种质资源DNA指纹图谱[J].植物遗传资源学报,2014,15(3):527.
[7]王蓉蓉,王定国,田子明.山药新品种瑞山药的选育与栽培技术探析[J].杂粮作物,2015(2):12.
[8]南怀林.山西长山药高架、深沟高产栽培技术[J].农业科技通讯,2012(9):224-225.
[9]王耀琴,刘建平,南怀林,等.晋山药农艺和农机相结合的简约化栽培技术研究[J].农业科技通讯,2016(3):82-85.
[10]王海清.山药栽培技术研究进展[J].农业科技通讯,2017(10):161-164.
[11]龚明霞,海玲,袁红娟,等.外源赤霉素和多效唑对山药块茎膨大和零余子形成的影响[J].园艺学报,2015,42(6):1175-1184.
[12]陈耀兵.不同山药品种比较试验研究[J].湖北农业科学,2018,57(15):74-76,94.