广西区域霾过程高低空大气环流型影响分析
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摘要
利用1980—2015年NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料和广西80个地面气象站资料,采用Lamb-Jenkinson方法对广西区域霾过程的大气环流进行分型,并探讨高低空环流型配置与区域霾过程的关系。结果表明:当地面东南风型、高空西风型时,广西出现霾过程的频率最高;地面东风型配合高空西风型对年霾过程的贡献最大,地面东南风型配合高空西风型主要出现在冷暖气流转换的春季、地面低压型配合高空高压脊型出现在西太平洋副热带高压明显加强、地面处于弱低压环境场的夏季、地面东风型配合高空西风型出现在环流稳定平直的秋季、地面东风型配合高空高压脊型出现在环流经向度明显增强的冬季,霾过程具有冬季多发、夏季少发的特点。近36年来,地面东风型配合高空高压脊型是广西霾过程呈偏多趋势的主导环流型。
By using the reanalysis grid data from 1980 to 2015 provided by NCEP/NCAR(National Centers for Environmental Prediction),the surface weather data of 80 stations in Guangxi,and the LambJenkinson atmospheric circulation classification method,we analyze the regular patterns of regional haze events and corresponding atmospheric circulation characteristics.The results show that the probability of hazes is the greatest while the circulation is the southeast wind type at the sea-level pressure field and west wind type at 500 hPa.The pattern with the east wind type at sea-level pressure field and the west wind type at 500 hPa makes the maximum contribution to the annual total hazes.The pattern of the southeast wind type at sea level and the west wind type at 500 hPa mainly occurs in spring,the transition period of cold air and warm air.The pattern of the cyclone type at sea level and the anticyclone type at 500 hPa mainly occurs in summer with the significantly strengthened western Pacific High and weak low-pressure on the ground.The pattern of the easterly type at sea level and west wind type at 500 hPa occurs in autumn with stable and straight circulation.The pattern of the easterly wind at sea level and anticyclone type at 500 hPa mainly occurs in winter with significantly increasing meridional circulation.The probability of hazes is the highest in winter,the lowest in summer.In the past 36 years,the haze contribution rate of east wind type at sea level and the anticyclone type at 500 hPa is increasing,which is the dominant circulation pattern for the trend of more-than-normal hazes in the Guangxi.
By using the reanalysis grid data from 1980 to 2015 provided by NCEP/NCAR(National Centers for Environmental Prediction),the surface weather data of 80 stations in Guangxi,and the LambJenkinson atmospheric circulation classification method,we analyze the regular patterns of regional haze events and corresponding atmospheric circulation characteristics.The results show that the probability of hazes is the greatest while the circulation is the southeast wind type at the sea-level pressure field and west wind type at 500 hPa.The pattern with the east wind type at sea-level pressure field and the west wind type at 500 hPa makes the maximum contribution to the annual total hazes.The pattern of the southeast wind type at sea level and the west wind type at 500 hPa mainly occurs in spring,the transition period of cold air and warm air.The pattern of the cyclone type at sea level and the anticyclone type at 500 hPa mainly occurs in summer with the significantly strengthened western Pacific High and weak low-pressure on the ground.The pattern of the easterly type at sea level and west wind type at 500 hPa occurs in autumn with stable and straight circulation.The pattern of the easterly wind at sea level and anticyclone type at 500 hPa mainly occurs in winter with significantly increasing meridional circulation.The probability of hazes is the highest in winter,the lowest in summer.In the past 36 years,the haze contribution rate of east wind type at sea level and the anticyclone type at 500 hPa is increasing,which is the dominant circulation pattern for the trend of more-than-normal hazes in the Guangxi.
引文
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[20]俞科爱,胡晓,黄旋旋,等.宁波区域霾过程的天气分型及环流场特征[J].气象,2015,41(12):1514-1524.
[21]赖绍钧,何芬,赵汝汀,等.福州市大雾天气环流分型研究[J].气象科技,2009,37(2):166-170.
[22]陈龙,智协飞,覃军,等.影响武汉市空气污染的地面环流形势及其与污染物浓度的关系[J].气象,2016,42(7):819-826.
[23]廖国莲,曾鹏,郑凤琴,等.1960-2009年广西霾日时空变化特征[J].应用气象学报,2011,22(6):732-739.
[24]陈业国,何冬燕,农孟松,等.1970-2005年广西霾的变化特征[J].生态环境,2008,17(4):1453-1457.
[2]白先达,谭宇,王存真,等.桂林霾天气变化趋势及天气特征[J].气象科技,2015,43(5):905-910.
[3]Wang Z F,Li J,Wang Z,et al.Modeling study of regional severe hazes over Mid-Eastern China in January 2013and its implications on pollution prevention and control[J].Sci China:Earth Sci,2014,57:3-13.
[4]Wang H J,Chen H P.Understanding the recent trend of haze pollution in eastern China:roles of climate change[J].Atmos.Chem.Phys.,2016,16:4205-4211.
[5]廖国莲,郑凤琴,曾鹏,等.广西霾天气系统分型[J].气象科技,2018,46(1):189-194.
[6]金丽娜,曲静,张雅斌,等.西安霾天气时空分布特征与影响因子分析[J].气象科技,2015,43(2):314-319.
[7]张人禾,李强,张若楠.2013年1月中国东部持续性强雾霾天气产生的气象条件分析[J].中国科学:地球科学,2014,44(1):27-36.
[8]郑凤琴,罗小莉,廖国莲,等.南宁市霾日数变化特征及其与环流背景的联系[J].广西师范学院学报(自然科学版),2017,34(3):48-53.
[9]高歌.1961-2005年中国霾日气候特征及变化分析[J].地理学报,2008,63(7):761-768.
[10]蒋维楣,曹文俊,蒋瑞宾.空气污染气象学教程[M].北京:气象出版社,1993:8-17.
[11]曹伟华,梁旭东,李青春.北京一次持续性雾霾过程的阶段性特征及影响因子分析[J].气象学报,2013,71(5):940-951.
[12]戴竹君,刘瑞阳,王宏斌,等.江苏秋冬季重度霾的分型研究[J].气象学报,2016,74(1):133-148.
[13]孙彧,牛涛,乔林,等.华北地区雾和霾天气环流特征聚类分析[J].气候与环境研究,2016,21(5):601-613.
[14]谢付莹,王自发,王喜全.2008年奥运会期间北京地区PM10污染天气形势和气象条件特征研究[J].气候与环境研究,2010,15(5):584-594.
[15]刘梅,严文莲,张备,等.2013年1月江苏雾霾天气持续和增强机制分析[J].气象,2014,40(7):835-843.
[16]钟利华,曾鹏,史彩霞,等.西江流域面雨量与区域大气环流型关系[J].应用气象学报,2017,28(4):470-480.
[17]Lamb H H.Types and spells of weather around the year in the British Isles[J].Quart J Roy Meteorol Soc,1950,76:393-438.
[18]Jenkinson A F,Collison F P.An Initial Climatology of Gales over the North Sea[R].Synoptic Climatology Branch Memorandum,1977,No 62.Meteorological Office,Bracknell.
[19]朱艳峰,陈德亮,李维京,等.Lamb-Jenkinson环流客观分型方法及其在中国的应用[J].南京气象学院学报,2007,30(5):289-297.
[20]俞科爱,胡晓,黄旋旋,等.宁波区域霾过程的天气分型及环流场特征[J].气象,2015,41(12):1514-1524.
[21]赖绍钧,何芬,赵汝汀,等.福州市大雾天气环流分型研究[J].气象科技,2009,37(2):166-170.
[22]陈龙,智协飞,覃军,等.影响武汉市空气污染的地面环流形势及其与污染物浓度的关系[J].气象,2016,42(7):819-826.
[23]廖国莲,曾鹏,郑凤琴,等.1960-2009年广西霾日时空变化特征[J].应用气象学报,2011,22(6):732-739.
[24]陈业国,何冬燕,农孟松,等.1970-2005年广西霾的变化特征[J].生态环境,2008,17(4):1453-1457.