包埋硝化/碳源缓释脱氮耦合反应器对雌激素的去除
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摘要
构建了基于包埋硝化颗粒和以废弃玉米芯为缓释碳源的包埋硝化/碳源缓释耦合脱氮反应器,以强化硝化反硝化生物脱氮性能,并充分利用硝化细菌的共代谢作用去除雌激素。在反硝化单元中,碳源柱的反硝化速率常数为0. 129 8,是沸石对照柱(0. 058 6)的2. 22倍。在10～15℃时耦合反应器对TN的去除率≥70. 28%,出水TN浓度≤10. 4 mg/L,出水COD≤31. 22 mg/L。通过硝化细菌的共代谢作用以及包埋颗粒和滤料的物理吸附作用,耦合反应器对雌酮(E1)、17β-雌二醇(E2)、17α-乙炔基雌二醇(EE2)的去除率可分别稳定在60%、90%和80%以上。
In order to enhance nitrification-denitrification biological nitrogen removal as well as remove steroid estrogens via co-metabolism of nitrifying bacteria,a novel nitrogen removal reactor was developed using immobilized nitrobacteria pellets coupled with denitrification filter using discarded corncob as slow-release carbon source. The denitrification rate constant of carbon source column( Km=0. 129 8) was 2. 22 times of zeolite column( Km= 0. 058 6). The removal rate of TN in coupling reactor was above 70. 28%,and its concentration in the effluent was below 10. 4 mg/L at 10-15 ℃.Meanwhile,the concentration of COD in effluent was below 31. 22 mg/L. The removal rates of E1,E2 and EE2 were above 60%,90% and 80% respectively,resulting from the co-metabolism by nitrifying bacteria or the adsorption of immobilized particle and filter.
In order to enhance nitrification-denitrification biological nitrogen removal as well as remove steroid estrogens via co-metabolism of nitrifying bacteria,a novel nitrogen removal reactor was developed using immobilized nitrobacteria pellets coupled with denitrification filter using discarded corncob as slow-release carbon source. The denitrification rate constant of carbon source column( Km=0. 129 8) was 2. 22 times of zeolite column( Km= 0. 058 6). The removal rate of TN in coupling reactor was above 70. 28%,and its concentration in the effluent was below 10. 4 mg/L at 10-15 ℃.Meanwhile,the concentration of COD in effluent was below 31. 22 mg/L. The removal rates of E1,E2 and EE2 were above 60%,90% and 80% respectively,resulting from the co-metabolism by nitrifying bacteria or the adsorption of immobilized particle and filter.
引文
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[15]胡碧波,阳春,张伟,等.包埋硝化菌颗粒对17β-雌二醇的去除特性研究[J].中国给水排水,2015,31(15):89-92.Hu Bibo,Yang Chun,Zhang Wei,et al. Removal of17β-estradiol by embedded nitrobacteria pellets[J].China Water&Wastewater,2015,31(15):89-92(in Chinese).
[16]李东.前置与后置反硝化生物滤池深度脱氮工艺对比研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2016.Li Dong. The Comparison of Pre-denitrification and Post-denitrification in BAF Process on Nitrogen Removal[D]. Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2016(in Chinese).
[17]高建锋,杨碧印,赵建树,等.反硝化生物滤池用于再生水脱氮效能及动力学研究[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(1):199-204.Gao Jianfeng,Yang Biyin,Zhao Jianshu,et al. Nitrogen removal and denitrification kinetics of denitrification biological filter for reclaimed water treatment[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(1):199-204(in Chinese).
[18]葛晓虹,张振家,王毅军.固定化包埋硝化菌去除源水中氨氮研究[J].中国给水排水,2006,22(3):51-54.Ge Xiaohong,Zhang Zhenjia,Wang Yijun. Study on removing ammonia nitrogen from drinking source water by using immobilized nitrobacteria[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2006,22(3):51-54(in Chinese).
[19] Mc Carty P L. What is the best biological process for nitrogen removal:when and why?[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2018,52(7):3835-3841.
[20]马挺.水和污水处理过程中荧光性有机物的变化[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2015.Ma Ting. The Changes of Fluorescent Organic Matters in Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University of Industry,2015(in Chinese).
[21]陈志强,李爱华,张凌青,等.宁夏不同地区玉米芯营养成分分析[J].粮食与饲料工业,2010(12):51-53.Chen Zhiqiang,Li Aihua,Zhang Lingqing,et al.Analysis of nutrient composition of corncob in different regions of Ningxia[J]. Cereal&Feed Industry,2010(12):51-53(in Chinese).
[22]郑俊,孙楠.不同性质滤料的反硝化生物滤池脱氮试验研究[J].水处理技术,2011,37(9):73-76.Zheng Jun,Sun Nan. Research on nitrogen removal by denitrification biofilters with media of different characteristics[J]. Technology of Water Treatment,2011,37(9):73-76(in Chinese).
[23] Yu C P,Deeb R A,Chu K H. Microbial degradation of steroidal estrogens[J]. Chemosphere,2013,91(9):1225-1235.
[24]胡碧波,阳春,刘达.污水颗粒尺寸分布对深度过滤中雌激素去除的影响[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(1):47-51.Hu Bibo,Yang Chun,Liu Da. Impact of particle size distribution on removal characteristics of steroid estrogens in sewage tertiary filtration[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(1):47-51(in Chinese).
[2] Phillips P J,Chalmers A T,Gray J L,et al. Combined sewer overflows:an environmental source of hormones and wastewater micropollutants[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2012,46(10):5336-5343.
[3]王亚丹.污水处理和受纳水体中硫酸雌酮水平及芳基硫酸酯酶活性的基础研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2013.Wang Yadan. Preliminary Study on the Estrone-3-Sulphate Presense and Arylsulphatase Activity in Sewage Treatment and the Receiving Waterbody[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2013(in Chinese).
[4] Snyder S A,Adham S,Redding A M,et al. Role of membranes and activated carbon in the removal of endocrine disruptors and pharmaceuticals[J]. Desalination,2007,202(1):156-181.
[5] Wang L Z,Zhang F F,Liu R H,et al. Fe Cl3/Na NO2:an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of aquatic steroid estrogens under natural light irradiation[J].Environ Sci Technol,2007,41(10):3747-3751.
[6] McAdam E J,Bagnall J P,Koh Y K K,et al. Removal of steroid estrogens in carbonaceous and nitrifying activated sludge processes[J]. Chemosphere,2010,81(1):1-6.
[7]胡碧波,阳春,张伟,等.包埋颗粒对污水中雌激素的吸附和生物降解研究[J].中国给水排水,2016,32(11):72-75.Hu Bibo,Yang Chun,Zhang Wei,et al. Adsorption and biodegradation of estrogens in wastewater by embedded pellets[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2016,32(11):72-75(in Chinese).
[8]陈佼,张建强,黄雯,等.玉米芯缓释碳源对CRI系统脱氮效能的影响[J].环境科学与技术,2018,41(4):103-109.Chen Jiao,Zhang Jianqiang,Huang Wen,et al.Experimental study on efficacy of corncob as sustainedrelease carbon source for improving nitrogen removal in CRI system[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2018,41(4):103-109(in Chinese).
[9]邵留,徐祖信,金伟,等.农业废物反硝化固体碳源的优选[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(5):748-754.Shao Liu,Xu Zuxin,Jin Wei,et al. Optimization of solid carbon source for denitrification of agriculture wastes[J]. China Environmental Science,2011,31(5):748-754(in Chinese).
[10]唐婧,黄盼宁,傅金祥,等.玉米芯为外碳源对SBBR反硝化除磷性能的影响[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(9):4705-4710.Tang Jing,Huang Panning,Fu Jinxiang,et al. Effect of corncob as external carbon source on nitrogen and phosphorus removal of SBBR[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(9):4705-4710(in Chinese).
[11]李斌,郝瑞霞,赵文莉.玉米芯与海绵铁复合填料的反硝化脱氮特性[J].中国给水排水,2014,30(7):31-34,38.Li Bin,Hao Ruixia,Zhao Wenli. Research on corncob/sponge iron composite media for denitrification[J].China Water&Wastewater,2014,30(7):31-34,38(in Chinese).
[12]赵文莉,郝瑞霞,王润众,等.以碱处理玉米芯为碳源去除二级出水中硝酸盐[J].中国给水排水,2016,32(7):107-111.Zhao Wenli,Hao Ruixia,Wang Runzhong,et al.Removal of nitrate from secondary effluent by denitrification with corncob pretreated by alkali as carbon source[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2016,32(7):107-111(in Chinese).
[13]阳春,邹玲,胡碧波,等.固相萃取/高效液相色谱/串联质谱法同时测定水中雌激素[J].中国给水排水,2014,30(4):87-91.Yang Chun,Zou Ling,Hu Bibo,et al. Simultaneous detection of estrogens in sewage and river water by solid phase extraction/HPLC-MS/MS[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2014,30(4):87-91(in Chinese).
[14]张仲航.反硝化浅层滤池(DSB)脱氮效能与微生物群落结构研究[D].福州:福建工程学院,2018.Zhang Zhonghang. Study on Nitrogen Removal Performance and Microbial Community Structure of Denitrification Shallow Biofilter(DSB)[D]. Fuzhou:Fujian University of Technology,2018(in Chinese).
[15]胡碧波,阳春,张伟,等.包埋硝化菌颗粒对17β-雌二醇的去除特性研究[J].中国给水排水,2015,31(15):89-92.Hu Bibo,Yang Chun,Zhang Wei,et al. Removal of17β-estradiol by embedded nitrobacteria pellets[J].China Water&Wastewater,2015,31(15):89-92(in Chinese).
[16]李东.前置与后置反硝化生物滤池深度脱氮工艺对比研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2016.Li Dong. The Comparison of Pre-denitrification and Post-denitrification in BAF Process on Nitrogen Removal[D]. Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2016(in Chinese).
[17]高建锋,杨碧印,赵建树,等.反硝化生物滤池用于再生水脱氮效能及动力学研究[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(1):199-204.Gao Jianfeng,Yang Biyin,Zhao Jianshu,et al. Nitrogen removal and denitrification kinetics of denitrification biological filter for reclaimed water treatment[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(1):199-204(in Chinese).
[18]葛晓虹,张振家,王毅军.固定化包埋硝化菌去除源水中氨氮研究[J].中国给水排水,2006,22(3):51-54.Ge Xiaohong,Zhang Zhenjia,Wang Yijun. Study on removing ammonia nitrogen from drinking source water by using immobilized nitrobacteria[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2006,22(3):51-54(in Chinese).
[19] Mc Carty P L. What is the best biological process for nitrogen removal:when and why?[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2018,52(7):3835-3841.
[20]马挺.水和污水处理过程中荧光性有机物的变化[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2015.Ma Ting. The Changes of Fluorescent Organic Matters in Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University of Industry,2015(in Chinese).
[21]陈志强,李爱华,张凌青,等.宁夏不同地区玉米芯营养成分分析[J].粮食与饲料工业,2010(12):51-53.Chen Zhiqiang,Li Aihua,Zhang Lingqing,et al.Analysis of nutrient composition of corncob in different regions of Ningxia[J]. Cereal&Feed Industry,2010(12):51-53(in Chinese).
[22]郑俊,孙楠.不同性质滤料的反硝化生物滤池脱氮试验研究[J].水处理技术,2011,37(9):73-76.Zheng Jun,Sun Nan. Research on nitrogen removal by denitrification biofilters with media of different characteristics[J]. Technology of Water Treatment,2011,37(9):73-76(in Chinese).
[23] Yu C P,Deeb R A,Chu K H. Microbial degradation of steroidal estrogens[J]. Chemosphere,2013,91(9):1225-1235.
[24]胡碧波,阳春,刘达.污水颗粒尺寸分布对深度过滤中雌激素去除的影响[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(1):47-51.Hu Bibo,Yang Chun,Liu Da. Impact of particle size distribution on removal characteristics of steroid estrogens in sewage tertiary filtration[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(1):47-51(in Chinese).