带有K形节流槽的液压支架换向阀改进设计
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摘要
针对煤矿综采工作面现有液压支架换向阀阀口过流面积梯度大、仅能够实现开关型控制功能的现状,以及由此造成的支架供液系统内液压冲击剧烈问题,提出在阀芯径向过流孔凸肩位置增设K型节流槽的换向阀改进设计方案。得出了K型节流槽等效阀口过流面积计算方法,采用AMESim软件搭建了换向阀液压仿真模型;并对现有开关型换向阀和改进换向阀进行了对比研究。结果表明:带有K型节流槽的换向阀改进方案可实现阀芯开启过程中的阀口过流面积分段线性增大规律,在阀芯开度小于5. 5 mm时,阀口过流面积梯度较小;在阀芯开度大于5. 5 mm后,该梯度数值增大至与现有换向阀相当;阀口通流流量和阀口压力可相应实现分段增大规律。改进设计思路对于面向支架不同工艺动作的换向阀结构优化具有借鉴意义。
The existing directional valve of hydraulic supports used in fully mechanized coal mining face has a large gradient of flow area and can only realize switching control function,which consequently results in severe hydraulic impact in the hydraulic supports flow supply system. An improved design methodology of directional valve by added K-shaped throttling grooves at the shoulder of valve core was proposed. The calculation method of equivalent valve orifice area of K-shaped throttling grooves has obtained,the hydraulic simulation model of directional valve has built by AMESim software,the comparative analysis has completed among the existing switching directional valve and the improved directional valve. The results show that the improved design methodology of directional valve with K-shaped throttling grooves can successfully realize piecewise linear increase of flow area in the process of spool opening; when the valve opening is less than 5. 5 mm,the gradient of the orifice flow area is small; When the valve opening is greater than 5. 5 mm,the gradient increases to the same value as the existing directional valve;The flow rate though valve orifice and the pressure at the valve port can achieve piecewise growth consequently. The improved design methodology proposed can be used for reference to optimize the structure of the directional valve for different technological motions of the hydraulic supports.
The existing directional valve of hydraulic supports used in fully mechanized coal mining face has a large gradient of flow area and can only realize switching control function,which consequently results in severe hydraulic impact in the hydraulic supports flow supply system. An improved design methodology of directional valve by added K-shaped throttling grooves at the shoulder of valve core was proposed. The calculation method of equivalent valve orifice area of K-shaped throttling grooves has obtained,the hydraulic simulation model of directional valve has built by AMESim software,the comparative analysis has completed among the existing switching directional valve and the improved directional valve. The results show that the improved design methodology of directional valve with K-shaped throttling grooves can successfully realize piecewise linear increase of flow area in the process of spool opening; when the valve opening is less than 5. 5 mm,the gradient of the orifice flow area is small; When the valve opening is greater than 5. 5 mm,the gradient increases to the same value as the existing directional valve;The flow rate though valve orifice and the pressure at the valve port can achieve piecewise growth consequently. The improved design methodology proposed can be used for reference to optimize the structure of the directional valve for different technological motions of the hydraulic supports.
引文
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14周永飞，初长祥，高名乾，等．叠加U形槽过流面积分析与计算[J]．机床与液压，2017,45(2):110-112Zhou Yongfei,Chu Changxiang,Gao Mingqian,et al.Analysis and calculation of the orifice area of spool with U+U-type notches[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2017,45(2):110-112
15张国强，杨耀东．基于AMESim的典型滑阀阀口快速建模方法[J]．机床与液压，2018,46(23):134-138Zhang Guoqiang,Yang Yaodong.Modeling method for typical spool valve port based on AMESim[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2018,46(23):134-138
16盛敬超．液压流体力学[M]．北京:机械工业出版社，1980:179-181Sheng Jingchao.Hydraulic fluid mechanics[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,1980:179-181
17蔡伟，张硕，戴民强，等．基于AMEsim的电磁阀仿真与试验验证[J]．科学技术与工程，2016,16(28):80-84Cai Wei,Zhang Shuo,Dai Minqiang,et al.Electromagnetic valve simulation and experimental verification based on AMEsim[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(28):80-84
2王国法，庞义辉，李明忠，等．超大采高工作面液压支架与围岩耦合作用关系[J]．煤炭学报，2017,42(2):518-526Wang Guofa,Pang Yihui,Li Mingzhong,et al.Hydraulic support and coal wall coupling relationship in ultra large height mining face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(2):518-526
3王国法，庞义辉．特厚煤层大采高综采综放适应性评价和技术原理[J]．煤炭学报，2018,43(1):33-42Wang Guofa,Pang Yihui.Full-mechanized coal mining and caving mining method evaluation and key technology for thick coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(1):33-42
4陈力捷．煤矿机械中液压冲击的机理分析与控制方法[J]．煤矿机械，2011,32(4):212-214Chen Lijie.Mechanism analysis and control method of hydraulic impact in coal mine machinery[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2011,32(4):212-214
5王金华，黄乐亭，李首滨，等．综采工作面智能化技术与装备的发展[J]．煤炭学报，2014,39(8):1418-1428Wang Jinhua,Huang Leting,Li Shoubin,et al.Development of intelligent technology and equipment in fully-mechanized coal mining face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(8):1418-1428
6王晓，王庆文，徐瑞银．基于AMESim的液压支架手动先导操纵阀液压系统分析[J]．液压与气动，2019(2):87-91Wang Xiao,Wang Qingwen,Xu Ruiyin.Analysis based on AMESim for hydraulic system of manual pilot operated valve for hydraulic support[J].Chinese Hydraulic&Pneumatics,2019(2):87-91
7王成宾，权龙．大惯量负载液压冲击的主动变阻尼抑制方法[J]．机械工程学报，2014,50(8):182-188Wang Chengbin,Quan Long.Methods of restrain the hydraulic impact with active adjusting the variable damping in system with large inertia load[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(8):182-188
8付翔，王然风，赵阳升．工作面支架液压系统仿真与稳压供液技术[J]．煤炭学报，2018,43(5):1471-1478Fu Xiang,Wang Ranfeng,Zhao Yangsheng.Investigation of hydraulic system simulation and fluid feeding technology with steady pressure of working face supports[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(5):1471-1478
9张占东，廉自生．乳化液泵配流机理的试验研究[J]．液压与气动，2018(7):65-71Zhang Zhandong,Lian Zisheng.Experimental study on flow distribution mechanism of emulsion pump[J].Chinese Hydraulic&Pneumatics,2018(7):65-71
10张占东，廉自生，韩灏．多柱塞阀配流往复式容积泵新型流量调节方法研究[J]．液压与气动，2018(9):98-102Zhang Zhandong,Lian Zisheng,Han Hao.New flow regulation method of reciprocating-type positive displacement pump with multi plunger and check valve[J].Chinese Hydraulic&Pneumatics,2018(9):98-102
11孔祥东，宋豫，艾超，等．比例阀异形阀口流量特性PIV可视化实验研究[J]．农业机械学报，2015,46(5):328-335Kong Xiangdong,Song Yu,Ai Chao,et al.Visualization experiment of flow characteristics of special shaped valve port in proportional valve using PIV technology[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(5):328-335
12易迪升，彭勇，兰秋华，等．典型滑阀节流槽的优化设计[J]．液压与气动，2015(11):35-40Yi Disheng,Peng Yong,Lan Qiuhua,et al.Optimization design of typical notches in spool valve[J].Chinese Hydraulic&Pneumatics,2015(11):35-40
13王建森，刘耀林，冀宏，等．非全周开口滑阀运动过程液动力数值计算[J]．浙江大学学报(工学版)，2016,50(10):1923-1926,1972Wang Jiansen,Liu Yaolin,Ji Hong,et al.Transient simulation on flow force of non-circular opening spool valve[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2016,50(10):1923-1926,1972
14周永飞，初长祥，高名乾，等．叠加U形槽过流面积分析与计算[J]．机床与液压，2017,45(2):110-112Zhou Yongfei,Chu Changxiang,Gao Mingqian,et al.Analysis and calculation of the orifice area of spool with U+U-type notches[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2017,45(2):110-112
15张国强，杨耀东．基于AMESim的典型滑阀阀口快速建模方法[J]．机床与液压，2018,46(23):134-138Zhang Guoqiang,Yang Yaodong.Modeling method for typical spool valve port based on AMESim[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2018,46(23):134-138
16盛敬超．液压流体力学[M]．北京:机械工业出版社，1980:179-181Sheng Jingchao.Hydraulic fluid mechanics[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,1980:179-181
17蔡伟，张硕，戴民强，等．基于AMEsim的电磁阀仿真与试验验证[J]．科学技术与工程，2016,16(28):80-84Cai Wei,Zhang Shuo,Dai Minqiang,et al.Electromagnetic valve simulation and experimental verification based on AMEsim[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(28):80-84