海南胡椒叶片营养诊断指导施肥试验研究
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摘要
通过试验提出植株体积、双指标和目标产量三要素构成F公式施肥模式。研究表明:胡椒体积和叶片重、体积和产量呈极显著相关关系,可为高产栽培和目标产量提供科学依据和方法选择;双指标(V_(临界值)-V_(测定值))≤0或≥0,能合理判断胡椒营养丰缺程度,平衡攻花肥、辅助攻花肥和攻果肥之间的养分需求;分析了胡椒结果大小年变化规律,提出表达其变化幅度的产量系数(R%),从小年比大年产量约减半,但单株产量高产园最高、低产园最低的事实,显示出从幼龄胡椒培育高产园应是提高产量的有效措施。
The F formula of fertilization model which formed by three elements of plant volume, dual-index and target yield was presented based on experiment. There was a positive correlation between the volume of black pepper and itsleaf weight,leaf volume and yield, and thus provides some scientific basis and options for high-yield cultivation and targetyield. the dualindex( V_(critical value)-V_(measured value)) is less than or equal to 0 or greater than or equal to 0, not only the status of nutrition can be judged reasonablely, but also the nutrient demand to fertilizers in flower and auxiliary flower and fruit can be balanced. In this paper, the yield coefficient(R%) expressing the chang range was put forward according to the analysis of yield change from small year to large year. It`s found that the low yield year is less about half than the high yield year, the individuals have the highest yield in high-yield orchard and the low-yield orchard has the lowest yield for individuals. Results had indicated that it is an effective way to improve yield by cultivating high-yield orchard with young black pepper.
The F formula of fertilization model which formed by three elements of plant volume, dual-index and target yield was presented based on experiment. There was a positive correlation between the volume of black pepper and itsleaf weight,leaf volume and yield, and thus provides some scientific basis and options for high-yield cultivation and targetyield. the dualindex( V_(critical value)-V_(measured value)) is less than or equal to 0 or greater than or equal to 0, not only the status of nutrition can be judged reasonablely, but also the nutrient demand to fertilizers in flower and auxiliary flower and fruit can be balanced. In this paper, the yield coefficient(R%) expressing the chang range was put forward according to the analysis of yield change from small year to large year. It`s found that the low yield year is less about half than the high yield year, the individuals have the highest yield in high-yield orchard and the low-yield orchard has the lowest yield for individuals. Results had indicated that it is an effective way to improve yield by cultivating high-yield orchard with young black pepper.
引文
[1]陆敏泉,温春生,廖子荣,等.世界胡椒贸易的发展趋势分析[J].热带农业工程,2009(12):27-31.
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[8]张华昌.胡椒叶片营养诊断采叶方法的研究[J].热带作物学报,1996(1):45-49.
[9]农业部农业局.配方施肥[M].北京:农业出版社,1989:163-178;53-55.
[2]蔡东宏.世界胡椒业历史与现状[J].云南热作科技,1999(1):22-25.
[3]D W F de Waard.Foliar diagnosis nutrition and yield stability of black pepper(piper nigrumL.)in Sarawak[M].Publication of the royal tropical institute Amsterdam the Nether lands,1969:66-87.
[4]张华昌.胡椒矿物营养指标的研究[J].热带作物研究,1992(1):37-46.
[5]J-G德赫斯.胡椒施肥指南[J].热带作物译丛,1974(4):35-37.
[6]西姆(E S SIM).沙捞越的胡椒干物质产量和主要养分含量[J].热带作物译丛,1975(4):29-33.
[7]张华昌.结果胡椒的养分需求与施肥量的估算[J].热带作物研究,1993(2):18-25.
[8]张华昌.胡椒叶片营养诊断采叶方法的研究[J].热带作物学报,1996(1):45-49.
[9]农业部农业局.配方施肥[M].北京:农业出版社,1989:163-178;53-55.