秦岭山区中国大鲵生境因子的选择
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摘要
通过对秦岭山区中国大鲵(Andrias davidianus)栖息地生境因子调查、统计,利用R语言分析了各因子与大鲵生境选择的相关性,得出研究结果:秦岭山区影响大鲵生存的主要因子为栖息地类型(相关系数r=0.98),其次是水温(相关系数r=-0.8)、河岸坡度(r=-0.6)和p H (r=-0.6);浊度(相关系数r=0.5)、电导率(r=0.49)、DO(r=0.4)、人为干扰(r=0.35)和海拔(r=0.31)对大鲵分布影响不大。研究结果为探讨中国大鲵对野生环境的适应性选择提供了参考。
By investing and counting of the habitat factors of Chinese giant salamanders(Andrias davidianus) in Qinling Mountains, this study analyzed the correlation between factors and habitat selection of Chinese giant salamanders(Andrias davidianus) by R language. The results showed that the main factor, which affected the presence of giant salamanders was the habitat type(correlation coefficient r=0.98), followed were water temperature(correlation coefficient r=-0.8), river bank slope(r=-0.6), and pH(r=-0.6). By contrast, turbidity(correlation coefficient r=0.5),conductivity(r=0.49), DO(r=0.4), human disturbance(r=0.35) and elevation(r=0.31) had little impact on the distribution of Chinese giant salamanders(Andrias davidianus). This study might provide a reference for studying the adapt selection for the wild habitat of Chinese giant salamanders(Andrias davidianus).
By investing and counting of the habitat factors of Chinese giant salamanders(Andrias davidianus) in Qinling Mountains, this study analyzed the correlation between factors and habitat selection of Chinese giant salamanders(Andrias davidianus) by R language. The results showed that the main factor, which affected the presence of giant salamanders was the habitat type(correlation coefficient r=0.98), followed were water temperature(correlation coefficient r=-0.8), river bank slope(r=-0.6), and pH(r=-0.6). By contrast, turbidity(correlation coefficient r=0.5),conductivity(r=0.49), DO(r=0.4), human disturbance(r=0.35) and elevation(r=0.31) had little impact on the distribution of Chinese giant salamanders(Andrias davidianus). This study might provide a reference for studying the adapt selection for the wild habitat of Chinese giant salamanders(Andrias davidianus).
引文
Chen X.B.,Shen J.Z.,Zhao J.Y.,Xiong J.J.,and Zhang G.L.,1999,The effect of water temperature on intake of Andrias davidianus,Shuichan Kexue(Fisheries Science),18(1):20-22(陈喜斌,沈建中,赵京杨,熊家军,张国良,1999,水温对大鲵摄食的影响,水产科学,18(1):20-22)
Deng J.,Wang Q.J.,Zhao H.,Jiang W.,Zhang K.Y.,and Zhang H.X.,2016,Study on the impact of water temperature on the artificial releasing of Chinese giant salamander,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),35(6):1377-1382(邓捷,王启军,赵虎,姜维,张坤阳,张红星,2016,水温对大鲵野外放流的影响初探,基因组学与应用生物学,35(6):1377-1382)
Du Q.,Wang F.G.,Chen B.X.,Zeng Q.M.,and Zeng Z.N.,1994,An experiment on food habits change of Andrias daviaus,Dongwuxue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Zoology),29(30):54-56(杜琦,王福刚,陈碧霞,曾庆民,曾志南,1994,改变大鲵食性的探讨,动物学杂志,29(30):54-56)
Jiang W.,Wang Q.J.,Zhao H.,Zhang H.X.,Andy K.,Zhang L.,and Ruth M.,2014,Effectiveness of MS-222 as anesthetic agents for Andrias davidianus,Danshui Yuye(Freshwater Fisheries),44(1):94-97(姜维,王启军,赵虎,张红星,Andy K.,张璐,Ruth M.,2014,MS-222对大鲵麻醉效果的初步观察,淡水渔业,44(1):94-97)
Li J.M.,Fang S.M.,Fan W.R.,and Wei P.,2004,The fertilization experiment of natural conditions on the giant salamander,Sichuan Dongwu(Sichuan Journal of Zoology),23(3):297-297(李骏珉,方树淼,范维瑞,魏平,2004,大鲵的自然受精试验,四川动物,23(3):297-297)
Liu J.Y.,Xiao H.B.,and Yang Y.Q.,1999,Exploration on techniques in culture and breeding of Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus),Dongwu Jingji Xuebao(Journal of Economic Animal),3(3):38-42(刘鉴毅,肖汉兵,杨焱青,1999,中国大鲵养殖繁育技术的探讨,动物经济学报,3(3):38-42)
Luo Q.H.,Liu Y.,and Zhang L.Y.,2009,Effectiveness of releasing artificially-bred Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus)into the wild in Zhangjiajie,Hunan,Shengwu Duoyangxing(Biodiversity Science),17(3):310-317(罗庆华,刘英,张立云,2009,张家界大鲵人工放流效果及其影响因素分析,生物多样性,17(3):310-317)
Luo Q.H.,Liu Y.,Zhang L.Y.,Chen J.G.,and Kang L.C.,2009,Investigationon resources of Chinese giant salamander in Zhangjiajie city,Sichuan Dongwu(Sichuan Journal of Zoology),28(3):422-426,436(罗庆华,刘英,张云立,陈建功,康练常,2009,湖南张家界市大鲵资源调查,四川动物,28(3):422-426,436)
Luo L.T.,Wan H.L.,Lan X.P.,and Li S.X.,2011,Research advances in resource and conservation genetics of Chinese giant salamander,38(17):100-103(雒林通,万红玲,兰小平,李三相,2011,中国大鲵资源现状及保护遗传学研究进展,广西农业科学,38(17):100-103)
Wang F.,Liu X.B.,Feng Q.,Bai J.,Liu Q.F.,Tian H.F.,Meng Y.,and Xiao H.B.,2013,Suitable stocking density of Andrias davidianus on the conditions of industrial aquaculture,Danshui Yuye(Freshwater Fisheries),43(6):73-77(王芳,刘小召,冯骞,白静,刘秋凤,田海峰,孟彦,肖汉兵,2013,工厂化养殖条件下大鲵适宜养殖密度的研究,淡水渔业,43(6):73-77)
Wu F.T.,Su Q.X.,Li W.J.,and Deng R.J.,2007,Water environment factors of Chinese giant salamander habitat in Hupingshan natural reserve,Changsha Ligong Daxue Xuebao(Ziran Kexue Ban)(Journal of Changsha University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)),4(4):94-98(吴方同,苏秋霞,李文建,邓仁建,2007,壶瓶山大鲵栖息地水环境因子的调查分析,长沙理工大学学报(自然科学版),4(4):94-98)
Wang X.M.,Zhang K.J.,Wang Z.H.,Ding Y.Z.,Wu W.,and Huang S.,2004,The decline of the Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus)and implications for its conservation,Journal Citation Reports,38:197-202
Zhang H.X.,Wang K.F.,Quan Q.Z.,Fang S.M.,and Jin Y.L.,2003,Research on ecological breeding of giant salamander in Qinling mountains,33(5):25-27(张红星,王开峰,权清转,方树淼,金跃林,2003,秦岭山区大鲵生态繁育工程技术研究,淡水渔业,33(5):25-27)
Zhang H.X.,Wang K.F.,Quan Q.Z.,Fan W.R.,and Fang S.M.,2006,Productive ecology and behavior of Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus),Shanxi Shifan Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition)),34(z1):70-75(张红星,王开锋,权清转,范维瑞,方树淼,2006,中国大鲵的繁殖生态暨行为学观察研究,陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),34(z1):70-75)
Zhang J.X.,and Li H.,2005,The assignment of qualitative variables in regression analysis,Xunzheng Yixue(The Journal of Evindence-Based Medicine),5(3):169-171(张晋昕,李河,2005,回归分析中定性变量的赋值,循证医学,5(3):169-171)
Zheng H.X.,Wang C.A.,and Ge Y.R.,1992,Resources of Megalobatrachus davidianus in Lushi county,Henan Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Henan University),22(4):51-56(郑和勋,王才安,葛荫榕,1992,卢氏县的大鲵资源,河南大学学报,22(4):51-56)
Deng J.,Wang Q.J.,Zhao H.,Jiang W.,Zhang K.Y.,and Zhang H.X.,2016,Study on the impact of water temperature on the artificial releasing of Chinese giant salamander,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),35(6):1377-1382(邓捷,王启军,赵虎,姜维,张坤阳,张红星,2016,水温对大鲵野外放流的影响初探,基因组学与应用生物学,35(6):1377-1382)
Du Q.,Wang F.G.,Chen B.X.,Zeng Q.M.,and Zeng Z.N.,1994,An experiment on food habits change of Andrias daviaus,Dongwuxue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Zoology),29(30):54-56(杜琦,王福刚,陈碧霞,曾庆民,曾志南,1994,改变大鲵食性的探讨,动物学杂志,29(30):54-56)
Jiang W.,Wang Q.J.,Zhao H.,Zhang H.X.,Andy K.,Zhang L.,and Ruth M.,2014,Effectiveness of MS-222 as anesthetic agents for Andrias davidianus,Danshui Yuye(Freshwater Fisheries),44(1):94-97(姜维,王启军,赵虎,张红星,Andy K.,张璐,Ruth M.,2014,MS-222对大鲵麻醉效果的初步观察,淡水渔业,44(1):94-97)
Li J.M.,Fang S.M.,Fan W.R.,and Wei P.,2004,The fertilization experiment of natural conditions on the giant salamander,Sichuan Dongwu(Sichuan Journal of Zoology),23(3):297-297(李骏珉,方树淼,范维瑞,魏平,2004,大鲵的自然受精试验,四川动物,23(3):297-297)
Liu J.Y.,Xiao H.B.,and Yang Y.Q.,1999,Exploration on techniques in culture and breeding of Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus),Dongwu Jingji Xuebao(Journal of Economic Animal),3(3):38-42(刘鉴毅,肖汉兵,杨焱青,1999,中国大鲵养殖繁育技术的探讨,动物经济学报,3(3):38-42)
Luo Q.H.,Liu Y.,and Zhang L.Y.,2009,Effectiveness of releasing artificially-bred Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus)into the wild in Zhangjiajie,Hunan,Shengwu Duoyangxing(Biodiversity Science),17(3):310-317(罗庆华,刘英,张立云,2009,张家界大鲵人工放流效果及其影响因素分析,生物多样性,17(3):310-317)
Luo Q.H.,Liu Y.,Zhang L.Y.,Chen J.G.,and Kang L.C.,2009,Investigationon resources of Chinese giant salamander in Zhangjiajie city,Sichuan Dongwu(Sichuan Journal of Zoology),28(3):422-426,436(罗庆华,刘英,张云立,陈建功,康练常,2009,湖南张家界市大鲵资源调查,四川动物,28(3):422-426,436)
Luo L.T.,Wan H.L.,Lan X.P.,and Li S.X.,2011,Research advances in resource and conservation genetics of Chinese giant salamander,38(17):100-103(雒林通,万红玲,兰小平,李三相,2011,中国大鲵资源现状及保护遗传学研究进展,广西农业科学,38(17):100-103)
Wang F.,Liu X.B.,Feng Q.,Bai J.,Liu Q.F.,Tian H.F.,Meng Y.,and Xiao H.B.,2013,Suitable stocking density of Andrias davidianus on the conditions of industrial aquaculture,Danshui Yuye(Freshwater Fisheries),43(6):73-77(王芳,刘小召,冯骞,白静,刘秋凤,田海峰,孟彦,肖汉兵,2013,工厂化养殖条件下大鲵适宜养殖密度的研究,淡水渔业,43(6):73-77)
Wu F.T.,Su Q.X.,Li W.J.,and Deng R.J.,2007,Water environment factors of Chinese giant salamander habitat in Hupingshan natural reserve,Changsha Ligong Daxue Xuebao(Ziran Kexue Ban)(Journal of Changsha University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)),4(4):94-98(吴方同,苏秋霞,李文建,邓仁建,2007,壶瓶山大鲵栖息地水环境因子的调查分析,长沙理工大学学报(自然科学版),4(4):94-98)
Wang X.M.,Zhang K.J.,Wang Z.H.,Ding Y.Z.,Wu W.,and Huang S.,2004,The decline of the Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus)and implications for its conservation,Journal Citation Reports,38:197-202
Zhang H.X.,Wang K.F.,Quan Q.Z.,Fang S.M.,and Jin Y.L.,2003,Research on ecological breeding of giant salamander in Qinling mountains,33(5):25-27(张红星,王开峰,权清转,方树淼,金跃林,2003,秦岭山区大鲵生态繁育工程技术研究,淡水渔业,33(5):25-27)
Zhang H.X.,Wang K.F.,Quan Q.Z.,Fan W.R.,and Fang S.M.,2006,Productive ecology and behavior of Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus),Shanxi Shifan Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition)),34(z1):70-75(张红星,王开锋,权清转,范维瑞,方树淼,2006,中国大鲵的繁殖生态暨行为学观察研究,陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),34(z1):70-75)
Zhang J.X.,and Li H.,2005,The assignment of qualitative variables in regression analysis,Xunzheng Yixue(The Journal of Evindence-Based Medicine),5(3):169-171(张晋昕,李河,2005,回归分析中定性变量的赋值,循证医学,5(3):169-171)
Zheng H.X.,Wang C.A.,and Ge Y.R.,1992,Resources of Megalobatrachus davidianus in Lushi county,Henan Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Henan University),22(4):51-56(郑和勋,王才安,葛荫榕,1992,卢氏县的大鲵资源,河南大学学报,22(4):51-56)