虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统局部气蚀风险预测和评判方法研究
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摘要
虹吸式屋面雨水系统传统水力设计时一般通过控制系统最低负压来防止气蚀,根据气蚀理论,虹吸系统局部气蚀的形成与流速、压力、饱和蒸气压等各因素相关。引入气穴数的概念综合上述因素的影响作用,研究预测虹吸系统局部气蚀风险的方法;针对虹吸系统常用管材,分析材料机械性能,评判其气蚀抗力。
The cavitation risk is generally prevented by limiting the negative pressure value of the system in the traditional hydraulic design of siphonic roof drainage systems.According to the theory of cavitation,the formation of local cavitation in the siphonic system is related to various factors,such as flow rate,pressure and vapor pressure.In this paper,the concept of cavitation index is introduced,the definition of which integrates the influence of these factors.And the method of predicting local cavitation risk of the siphonic system is studied.The mechanical properties of the pipe materials which usually used on siphonic systems are analyzed and the cavitation resistance of which is also evaluated.
The cavitation risk is generally prevented by limiting the negative pressure value of the system in the traditional hydraulic design of siphonic roof drainage systems.According to the theory of cavitation,the formation of local cavitation in the siphonic system is related to various factors,such as flow rate,pressure and vapor pressure.In this paper,the concept of cavitation index is introduced,the definition of which integrates the influence of these factors.And the method of predicting local cavitation risk of the siphonic system is studied.The mechanical properties of the pipe materials which usually used on siphonic systems are analyzed and the cavitation resistance of which is also evaluated.
引文
[1]王献孚．空化泡和超空化泡流动理论及应用[M]．北京：国防工业出版社，2009．
[2]BS 8490:2007Guide to siphonic roof drainage systems[S]．
[3]陈文革，谷臣清，赵康．钢的气蚀规律的研究[J]．机械工程材料，2002,26(3):38-40．
[4]Brijesh V,Hansson L H.The cavitation erosion-corrosion of stainless steel[J].Corrosion Science,1990,30:240-245．
[5]王献孚，熊鳌魁．高等流体力学[M]．武汉：华中科技大学出版社，2002．
[6]陈大融．空化与空蚀研究[J]．中国基础科学·综述评述，2010,(6):3-7．
[7]Florschuetz L W,Chao B T.On the mechanics of vapor babble collapse a theoretical and experimental investigation[J].Materials Science and Engineering,1963,26(4):168-169．
[8]Plesset M S.Temperature effects in cavitatiion damage[M].Trans ASME,J Basic Engr,1972．
[9]李晓刚，郭兴蓬，何业东，等．材料腐蚀与防护[M]．长沙：中南大学出版社，2009．
[10]Knapp R T,Daily J W,Hammitt F G.Cavitaion[M].New York:McGraw-Hill Book Co.,1970．
[11]May R W P.Cavitaion in hydraulic structures-occurrence and prevention[M].Report SR 79.Wallingford,England:HRWallingford,1987．
[12]CECS 183:2015虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统技术规程[S]．
[13]李学良，归谈纯．悬吊管变径形式对压力流（虹吸式）屋面雨水排水系统水力状况的影响研究[J]．给水排水，2011,(11):149-155．
[14]柳伟，郑玉贵，姚治铭，等．金属材料的空蚀研究进展[J]．中国腐蚀与防护学报，2001,8(4):250-255．
[15]龚传炳．耐气蚀材料[J]．水轮泵，2002,(2):13-18．
[16]李维钺．中外不锈钢和耐热钢速查手册[M]．北京：中国机械工业出版社，2008．
[17]卢锦堂，许乔瑜，孔纲．热浸镀锌技术与应用[M]．北京：中国机械工业出版社，2006.
[2]BS 8490:2007Guide to siphonic roof drainage systems[S]．
[3]陈文革，谷臣清，赵康．钢的气蚀规律的研究[J]．机械工程材料，2002,26(3):38-40．
[4]Brijesh V,Hansson L H.The cavitation erosion-corrosion of stainless steel[J].Corrosion Science,1990,30:240-245．
[5]王献孚，熊鳌魁．高等流体力学[M]．武汉：华中科技大学出版社，2002．
[6]陈大融．空化与空蚀研究[J]．中国基础科学·综述评述，2010,(6):3-7．
[7]Florschuetz L W,Chao B T.On the mechanics of vapor babble collapse a theoretical and experimental investigation[J].Materials Science and Engineering,1963,26(4):168-169．
[8]Plesset M S.Temperature effects in cavitatiion damage[M].Trans ASME,J Basic Engr,1972．
[9]李晓刚，郭兴蓬，何业东，等．材料腐蚀与防护[M]．长沙：中南大学出版社，2009．
[10]Knapp R T,Daily J W,Hammitt F G.Cavitaion[M].New York:McGraw-Hill Book Co.,1970．
[11]May R W P.Cavitaion in hydraulic structures-occurrence and prevention[M].Report SR 79.Wallingford,England:HRWallingford,1987．
[12]CECS 183:2015虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统技术规程[S]．
[13]李学良，归谈纯．悬吊管变径形式对压力流（虹吸式）屋面雨水排水系统水力状况的影响研究[J]．给水排水，2011,(11):149-155．
[14]柳伟，郑玉贵，姚治铭，等．金属材料的空蚀研究进展[J]．中国腐蚀与防护学报，2001,8(4):250-255．
[15]龚传炳．耐气蚀材料[J]．水轮泵，2002,(2):13-18．
[16]李维钺．中外不锈钢和耐热钢速查手册[M]．北京：中国机械工业出版社，2008．
[17]卢锦堂，许乔瑜，孔纲．热浸镀锌技术与应用[M]．北京：中国机械工业出版社，2006.