松土促根剂在豫西烤烟上的应用效果研究
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摘要
为了验证松土促根剂在豫西烤烟上的应用效果,2017年在豫西灵宝烟区进行了烤烟施用松土促根剂多点多户对比示范试验。结果表明,烤烟施用松土促根剂后,土壤硬度、土壤容重分别降低了13.83 N、0.15 g/cm~3,耕层深度加深了2.00 cm;烟叶收获后单株根系干重增加0.06 kg,烤烟的有效叶数、株高、最大叶长、最大叶宽、茎围、节距分别较常规施肥对照增加1.00片、1.60 cm、1.84 cm、1.70 cm、1.08 cm、0.08 cm,长势和整齐度明显优于常规施肥对照;普通花叶病、气候斑等主要病害的发生相对减轻;烤后原烟的色度、油分明显改观,上等烟比例、中等烟比例分别增加了9.73、4.75个百分点,烟叶产量增加了293.25 kg/hm~2,烟叶产值增加了12 032.40元/hm~2。松土促根剂在豫西烤烟上的施用为烟田土壤保育提供了一个经济有效的途径,值得在该烟区大面积推广应用。
In order to verify the effect of the rosin promoting root agent on the flue-cured tobacco in the western Henan Province,a comparative demonstration test of the application of rosin promoting root agent was carried out in the Lingbao tobacco-growing area in the western Henan Province in2017.The results showed that the soil hardness and soil density decreased by 13.83 N,0.15 g/cm~3,and the depth of tilling inreased by 2.0 cm.After harvest,tobacco root dry weight per plant increased by 0.06 kg.Compared with the conventional fertilization control,the effective flue-cured tobacco leaf number,plant height,maximum leaf length,leaf width,stem circumference and pitch increased by more than 1.00 piece,1.60 cm high,1.84 cm long,1.70 cm,1.08 cm,0.08 cm wide,respectively.The growing and uniformity were better than the control.The occurrence of common mosaic,climate scab and other major diseases were relatively eased.After baking,the shade and oil of the original tobacco changed obviously,the proportion of superior and secondary tobacco increased by 9.73 percentage point and 9.73 percentage point,respectively.The yield increased by 293.25 kg/hm~2,and tobacco leaf output increased by 12 032.40 yuan/hm~2.The application of rosin promoting root agent for tobacco in the western Henan Province provides an economical and effective way for the soil conservation of tobacco fields,which is worth popularizing and applying in this tobacco-growing area.
In order to verify the effect of the rosin promoting root agent on the flue-cured tobacco in the western Henan Province,a comparative demonstration test of the application of rosin promoting root agent was carried out in the Lingbao tobacco-growing area in the western Henan Province in2017.The results showed that the soil hardness and soil density decreased by 13.83 N,0.15 g/cm~3,and the depth of tilling inreased by 2.0 cm.After harvest,tobacco root dry weight per plant increased by 0.06 kg.Compared with the conventional fertilization control,the effective flue-cured tobacco leaf number,plant height,maximum leaf length,leaf width,stem circumference and pitch increased by more than 1.00 piece,1.60 cm high,1.84 cm long,1.70 cm,1.08 cm,0.08 cm wide,respectively.The growing and uniformity were better than the control.The occurrence of common mosaic,climate scab and other major diseases were relatively eased.After baking,the shade and oil of the original tobacco changed obviously,the proportion of superior and secondary tobacco increased by 9.73 percentage point and 9.73 percentage point,respectively.The yield increased by 293.25 kg/hm~2,and tobacco leaf output increased by 12 032.40 yuan/hm~2.The application of rosin promoting root agent for tobacco in the western Henan Province provides an economical and effective way for the soil conservation of tobacco fields,which is worth popularizing and applying in this tobacco-growing area.
引文
[1]张翔,黄元烔,范艺宽.河南植烟土壤烤烟营养[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2009:111-115.
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[7]高加合,周清明,晋燕.烤烟根系研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(7):160-162.
[8]侯加民,张忠锋,任明波,等.烤烟根系发育与烟叶产量质量关系的研究[J].中国烟草科学,2003(2):16-18.
[9]马新明,刘国顺,王小纯,等.烟草根系生长发育与地上部相关性研究[J].中国烟草学报,2002,8(3):26-29.
[10]高传奇,刘国顺,杨永锋,等.不同质地土壤对烤烟地上部生长动态的影响[J].土壤,2014(1):158-164.
[11]杨树申,王运新,王世林.卢氏烤烟旱作栽培技术[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1992:55.
[2]《烟叶调制工(二级)专业知识》编写组.烟叶调制工(二级)专业知识[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,2015.
[3]窦逢科,张景略.烟草品质与土壤肥料[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社出版,1992:70.
[4]訾天镇,郭月青.烟草栽培[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1996:55-61.
[5] UNGER P W,KASPAR T C.Soil compaction and root growth:A review[J].Agronomy Joural,1994,86:759-766.
[6] BERND S,HARALD S,REIMHOLD G,et al.Root production and root mortality of winter wheat grown on sandy and loamy soils in different farming systems[J].Bilogy and Fertelity of Soils,2001,33:331-339.
[7]高加合,周清明,晋燕.烤烟根系研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(7):160-162.
[8]侯加民,张忠锋,任明波,等.烤烟根系发育与烟叶产量质量关系的研究[J].中国烟草科学,2003(2):16-18.
[9]马新明,刘国顺,王小纯,等.烟草根系生长发育与地上部相关性研究[J].中国烟草学报,2002,8(3):26-29.
[10]高传奇,刘国顺,杨永锋,等.不同质地土壤对烤烟地上部生长动态的影响[J].土壤,2014(1):158-164.
[11]杨树申,王运新,王世林.卢氏烤烟旱作栽培技术[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1992:55.