多泥沙高水头水电站混流式水轮机导叶泥沙磨损数值研究与试验
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摘要
为研究新疆夏特高水头水电站水轮机导叶的泥沙磨损情况,采用标准k-ε湍流模型和Particle模型,在小流量工况下开展了HLA351-LJ-275水轮机导叶流体域的固液两相流数值模拟,分析其内部流动特性,并结合该模型水轮机单流道泥沙磨损试验得到导叶磨损的主要部位和磨损程度。结果表明:固定导叶磨损量较小,活动导叶磨损部位主要集中在头部和尾部,磨损量较大。结合数值计算与试验结果,通过其泥沙磨损特征规律,拟合并建立了固定导叶及活动导叶的磨损量公式,对多泥沙高水头水电站导水机构磨损寿命的预估和导水机构运行维护具有重要意义。
In order to study the influence of sediment wear on the guide vane of turbine of Xiate highhead hydropower station in Xinjiang,the standard k-epsilon model and particle model are adopted,and numerical simulation of solid-liquid two-phase flow in HLA351-LJ-275 turbine is carried out.The internal flow characteristics of the sand-water two-phase flow in the water guide mechanism are analyzed.Based on the experimental study of single channel sediment wear of the model turbine,the position and degree of sediment wear of guide vane are obtained.The results show that the sediment content in the head and tail of the guide blade is higher,the average wear intensity of the pressure surface of the guide blade is lower than that of the suction surface,and the abrasion of the movable guide blade is more serious than that of the fixed guide blade.Based on the numerical calculation and the test results,the wear formula of guide vane is established,which is of great significance to the prediction of wear life of the guide mechanism and the operation and maintenance of the guide mechanism.
In order to study the influence of sediment wear on the guide vane of turbine of Xiate highhead hydropower station in Xinjiang,the standard k-epsilon model and particle model are adopted,and numerical simulation of solid-liquid two-phase flow in HLA351-LJ-275 turbine is carried out.The internal flow characteristics of the sand-water two-phase flow in the water guide mechanism are analyzed.Based on the experimental study of single channel sediment wear of the model turbine,the position and degree of sediment wear of guide vane are obtained.The results show that the sediment content in the head and tail of the guide blade is higher,the average wear intensity of the pressure surface of the guide blade is lower than that of the suction surface,and the abrasion of the movable guide blade is more serious than that of the fixed guide blade.Based on the numerical calculation and the test results,the wear formula of guide vane is established,which is of great significance to the prediction of wear life of the guide mechanism and the operation and maintenance of the guide mechanism.
引文
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[18]陆力,刘娟,易艳林,等.白鹤滩电站水轮机泥沙磨损评估研究[J].水力发电学报,2016,35(2):67-74.LU Li,LIU Juan,YI Yan-lin,et al.Evaluation on sand abrasion to Baihetan hydraulic turbines[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2016,35(2):67-74.
[2]钱忠东,王焱,谢华.副叶片对双吸离心泵口环泥沙磨损的影响分析[J].水力发电学报,2012,31(4):232-237.QIAN Zhong-dong,WANG Yan,XIE Hua.Influence of back blade on sediment erosion of impeller ring in double suction pump[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2012,31(4):232-237.
[3]STACHOWIAK G W,BATCHELOR A W.Abrasive,erosive and cavitation wear,engineering tribology(3-Edition)[M].Burlington:Butterworth-Heinemann,2006.
[4]CHEN Q,LI D Y.Computer simulation of solid particle erosion[J].Wear,2003(254):203-210.
[5]SATO J,USAMI T,OKAMURA K,et a1.Comparision of silt erosion characteristics of materials through diferent types of test methods[C]//The 3rd Japan-China Joint Conference on Fluid Machinary,Osaka,1990.
[6]PADHY M K,SAINI R P.A review on silt erosion in hydro turbines[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2008(12):1974-1987.
[7]SUGIYAMA K,et al.Slurry wear and cavitation erosion of thermalsprayed cermets[J].Wear,2005(258):768-775.
[8]卢金玲,张欣,王维,等.沙粒粒径对水力机械材料磨蚀性能的影响[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(22):53-60.LU Jin-ling,ZHANG Xin,WANG Wei,et al.Effect of silt diameter on abrasion performanceof hydraulic mechanical materials[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2018,34(22):53-60.
[9]黄剑峰,张立翔,姚激,等.水轮机泥沙磨损两相湍流场数值模拟[J].排灌机械工程学报,2016,34(2):145-150.HUANG Jian-feng,ZHANG Li-xiang,YAO Ji,et al.Numerical simulation of two-phase turbulent flow in Francis turbine passage on sediment erosion[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2016,34(2):145-150.
[10]单鹰,唐澍,邓杰,等.水轮机导叶抗泥沙磨损的水力研究[J].水力发电学报,1996(3):99-109.SHAN Ying,TANG Shu,DENG Jie,et al.Hydrodynamic studies on lightening the a brasion of guide vane in francis turbine[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,1996(3):99-109.
[11]朱荣生,林鹏,龙云,等.螺旋轴流泵的固液两相流动数值模拟[J].排灌机械工程学报,2014,32(1):6-11.ZHU Rong-sheng,LIN Peng,LONG Yun,et al.Numerical simulation of solid-liquid two-phase flow in screw axial-flow pump[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2014,32(1):6-11.
[12]申正精,楚武利,董玮.颗粒参数对螺旋离心泵流场及过流部件磨损特性的影响[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(6):58-66.SHEN Zheng-jing,CHU Wu-li,DONG Wei.Effect of particle parameters on flow field and erosion wear characteristics of flow passage components in screw centrifugal pump[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2018,34(6):58-66.
[13]易艳林,陆力.水轮机泥沙磨损研究进展[J].水利水电技术,2014,45(4):160-163.YI Yan-lin,LU Li.Progress of research on silt abrasive erosion of hydraulic turbine[J].Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,2014,45(4):160-163.
[14]Ansys Inc.ANSYS CFX-Solver Modeling Guide Release 14.5[M].New York:Ansys Inc,2013.
[15]Ansys Inc.ANSYS CFX-Reference Guide Release14.5[M].New York:Ansys Inc,2013.
[16]Ansys Inc.ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide Release14.5[M].New York:Ansys Inc,2013.
[17]施卫东,邢津,张德胜,等.后掠式叶片轴流泵固液两相流数值模拟与优化[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(11):76-82,293.SHI Wei-dong,XING Jin,ZHANG De-sheng,et al.Numerical simulation and optimization of solid-liquid two-phase turbulent flow in back swept axial pump[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(11):76-82,293.
[18]陆力,刘娟,易艳林,等.白鹤滩电站水轮机泥沙磨损评估研究[J].水力发电学报,2016,35(2):67-74.LU Li,LIU Juan,YI Yan-lin,et al.Evaluation on sand abrasion to Baihetan hydraulic turbines[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2016,35(2):67-74.