大连湾海域大气无机氮沉降通量研究
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摘要
为了解大连湾无机氮沉降入海通量情况,2014年和2016年在大连湾区域开展了大气干湿沉降的采样和分析,并通过模型估算大连湾海域的无机氮沉降通量。结果表明,大连湾海域干沉降中无机氮入海通量约为46.4 t/a,采样期间,大气气溶胶中无机氮的最高浓度为15.5μg/m~3,最低浓度为0.589μg/m~3。季节变化上看,春季无机氮沉降均值为6.60μg/m~3,为全年最大,夏季无机氮沉降浓度为5.59μg/m~3,为全年无机氮沉降最小。大连湾海域湿沉降无机氮通量约为134.64 t/a,其中,9月无机氮湿沉降通量最高,为35.86 t,11月最低,为0.53 t。通过大气干湿沉降输入到大连湾的无机氮占大连湾海域无机氮输入总量的1.9%,且湿沉降通量占比更高,大约为干沉降通量的3倍。
In order to understand the flux of inorganic nitrogen deposition in Dalian bay, the atmospheric dry deposition in the Dalian bay area was sampled and analyzed in 2014. The atmospheric wet deposition was sampled and analyzed in 2016. The inorganic nitrogen dry deposition flux in the Dalian bay area was estimated through model analysis. The results showed that the inorganic nitrogen dry deposition flux into the sea was 46.4 tons/year, the highest concentration of inorganic nitrogen in aerosol was 15.5 g/m~3, and the minimum was 0.589 g/m~3.The inorganic nitrogen concentration in aerosol was 6.60 g/m~3 in spring, which was the largest in the whole year;, the concentration was 5.59 g/m~3 in summer, which was the lowest level in the whole year. The average wet deposition total inorganic nitrogen flux in Dalian bay was 134.64 tons/year, the highest month was September, and the average was 35.86 tons. The lowest month was November, 0.53 tons. Wet deposition flux was about 3 times of dry deposition flux, and dry and wet deposition inorganic nitrogen flux accounted for 1.9% of the total inorganic nitrogen flux in Dalian bay.
In order to understand the flux of inorganic nitrogen deposition in Dalian bay, the atmospheric dry deposition in the Dalian bay area was sampled and analyzed in 2014. The atmospheric wet deposition was sampled and analyzed in 2016. The inorganic nitrogen dry deposition flux in the Dalian bay area was estimated through model analysis. The results showed that the inorganic nitrogen dry deposition flux into the sea was 46.4 tons/year, the highest concentration of inorganic nitrogen in aerosol was 15.5 g/m~3, and the minimum was 0.589 g/m~3.The inorganic nitrogen concentration in aerosol was 6.60 g/m~3 in spring, which was the largest in the whole year;, the concentration was 5.59 g/m~3 in summer, which was the lowest level in the whole year. The average wet deposition total inorganic nitrogen flux in Dalian bay was 134.64 tons/year, the highest month was September, and the average was 35.86 tons. The lowest month was November, 0.53 tons. Wet deposition flux was about 3 times of dry deposition flux, and dry and wet deposition inorganic nitrogen flux accounted for 1.9% of the total inorganic nitrogen flux in Dalian bay.
引文
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[2] PAN Y P,WANG Y S,TANG G Q,et al.Wet and dry deposition of atmospheric nitrogen at ten sites in northern China[J].Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2012,12(14):6515-6535.
[3] XU W,ZHAO Y H,LIU X J,et al.Atmospheric nitrogen deposition in the Yangtze River basin:spatial pattern and source attribution[J].Environmental Pollution,2018,232:546-555.
[4]ASMAN W A H,BERKOWICZ R.Atmospheric nitrogen deposition to the North Sea[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,1994,29(6/7/8/9/10/11/12):426-434.
[5] 邢小茹,薛生国,张乃英,等.鞍山市大气尘和金属元素沉降通量及污染特征[J].中国环境监测,2010,26(2):11-15.
[6] 刘超明,万献军,曾伟坤,等.洞庭湖大气氮湿沉降的时空变异[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(3):1137-1146.
[7] 陈能汪,洪华生,张珞平.九龙江流域大气氮湿沉降研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(1):38-46.
[8] 张颖,刘学军,张福锁,等.华北平原大气氮素沉降的时空变异[J].生态学报,2006,26(6):1633-1639.
[9] 韩丽君,朱玉梅,刘素美,等.黄海千里岩岛大气湿沉降营养盐的研究[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(7):1174-1184.
[10] 朱玉梅,刘素美.东海大气湿沉降中营养盐的研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(9):2724-2731.
[11] 王江飞,周柯锦,汪小泉,等.杭嘉湖地区大气氮、磷沉降特征研究[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(9):2754-2763.
[12] 王欢博,石光明,田密,等.三峡库区大气活性氮组成及干沉降通量[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(1):44-50.
[13] VET B,ARTZ R S,CAROU S,et al.A global assessment of precipitation chemistry and deposition of sulfur,nitrogen,sea salt,base cations,organic acids,acidity and pH,and phosphorus[J].Atmospheric Environment,2014,93:3-100.
[14] 颜文娟,史锟.大连市区大气氮湿沉降研究[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(3):517-522.
[15] LIU D,LIBERTON M,YU J J,et al.Engineering nitrogen fixation activity in an oxygenic phototroph[J].mBio,2018,9(3):e01029-18.
[16] 大连市环境保护局.大连湾沿岸污染源调查报告2016 (内部资料).