海口市龙华区河道底泥重金属污染生态风险评价
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摘要
选取龙华区河湖等11个水体,设计20个取样断面进行底泥采样,分析底泥样品重金属(锌、铜、镍、镉、铅、汞、砷、总铬)含量,采用潜在生态风险指数法和污染负荷指数法对其重金属污染状况进行评价。潜在生态风险指数评价结果表明,底泥中重金属镉污染较为严重,11个水体中有9个水体底泥样品中镉污染因子Cif>1,其余重金属中除锌表现出轻微污染外,均未发现污染情况,综合评价指标污染度Cd<8,潜在生态风险指数RI<150,表明测试底泥样品属于低风险水平;污染负荷指数法评价结果表明,底泥样品中锌、铜、镉和铅的最高污染系数最高,综合评价参数点位污染指数(PLI)和区域污染指数(PLIzone)均小于1,表明测试底泥样品整体无污染。
Eleven rivers and lakes in Longhua district were selected and twenty sampling sections were designed to get sediment samples, and the contents of heavy metals(zinc, copper, nickel, cadmium, lead, mercury, arsenic, total chromium)in sediments were analyzed. The potential ecological risk index and pollution load index were used to evaluate the pollution status of heavy metals in sediment samples. Potential ecological risk index evaluation results showed that cadmium pollution in sediment was the most serious. Cadmium pollution factor Cif>1 was found in 9 sediment samples of 11 water bodies,and no pollution was found in other heavy metals except zinc. The pollution degree of comprehensive evaluation index Cd<8 and the potential ecological risk index RI<150, which indicates that the tested sediment samples belong to the low risk level. The results of pollution load index method show that the highest pollution coefficients of zinc, copper, cadmium which lead in sediment samples are the highest, and the comprehensive evaluation parameters of point pollution index(PLI) and regional pollution index(PLIzone) are all less than 1, indicated that the tested sediment samples are non-pollution.
Eleven rivers and lakes in Longhua district were selected and twenty sampling sections were designed to get sediment samples, and the contents of heavy metals(zinc, copper, nickel, cadmium, lead, mercury, arsenic, total chromium)in sediments were analyzed. The potential ecological risk index and pollution load index were used to evaluate the pollution status of heavy metals in sediment samples. Potential ecological risk index evaluation results showed that cadmium pollution in sediment was the most serious. Cadmium pollution factor Cif>1 was found in 9 sediment samples of 11 water bodies,and no pollution was found in other heavy metals except zinc. The pollution degree of comprehensive evaluation index Cd<8 and the potential ecological risk index RI<150, which indicates that the tested sediment samples belong to the low risk level. The results of pollution load index method show that the highest pollution coefficients of zinc, copper, cadmium which lead in sediment samples are the highest, and the comprehensive evaluation parameters of point pollution index(PLI) and regional pollution index(PLIzone) are all less than 1, indicated that the tested sediment samples are non-pollution.
引文
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[16] GB 15618-2018，土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准[S].
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[19]李勇，张振廷，花剑岚，等.排污流速比对河流水体中悬浮物沉降和底泥再悬浮的影响[J].河海大学学报（自然科学版），2015,43(3):189-196.
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[2]徐文，杨帆，李薇.海口市城市水体污染及治理与修复技术探讨[J].科技视界，2017(10):22-17.
[3]王婕，刘桂建，方婷，等.基于污染负荷指数法评价淮河（安徽段）底泥中重金属污染研究[J].中国科学技术大学学报，2013,43(2):97-103.
[4]唐大维.河道水体和底泥中污染物指标相关性研究[J].水利技术监督，2019,147(1):168-172.
[5]朱亮.长荡湖底泥污染特征及水体富营养化状况[J].环境科学与技术，2005,28(2):38-41.
[6]杨立华.巢湖有机物污染和湖泊底泥有机污染植物修复作用研究[D].上海：中国科学院水生生物研究所：2009.
[7] NIU H Y,DENG W J,WU Q H,et al. Potential toxic risk of heavy metals from sediment of the Pearl River in South China[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences,2009,21(8):1053-1058.
[8]贾斌，刘永兵，李翔，等.海口市南渡江流域河塘底泥重金属污染特征及评价[J].海南师范大学学报（自然科学版），2013,26(4):421-428.
[9]韩卓汝，赵志忠，袁建平，等.海南岛北部红树林湿地表层沉积物重金属元素分布相关特征及其污染源分析[J].海南师范大学学报（自然科学版），2013,26(1):66-70.
[10]王向辉，张艺杰，刘又华，等.海口市五源河底泥分析评价及资源化利用研究[J].海南师范大学学报（自然科学版），2019,32(2):221-226.
[11]王向辉，周鑫，吴高蓉，等.美舍河清淤底泥分析评价及土地资源化利用[J].科学技术与工程，2019,19(15):360-364.
[12]国家环保局.水和废水监测分析方法（第三版）[M].北京：中国环境科学出版社，1989.
[13] HAKANSON L. An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control:a sedimentological approach[J]. Water Research,1980,14(8):975-1001.
[14] MULLER G. Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the rhine river[J]. Geojournal,1969,2(108):108-118.
[15]高健磊，王静.两种河道底泥重金属污染生态危害评价方法比较研究[J].环境工程，2013,31(2):119-121.
[16] GB 15618-2018，土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准[S].
[17]王建丰，雷天柱，张生银，等.刘家峡水库表层沉积物微量元素地球化学特征[J].沉积与特提斯地质，2018,38(3):51-59.
[18]杨红军，张衍亮，房吉敦，等.小清河入海口底泥重金属空间分布特征与风险评价[J].土壤通报，2018,49(2):486-492.
[19]李勇，张振廷，花剑岚，等.排污流速比对河流水体中悬浮物沉降和底泥再悬浮的影响[J].河海大学学报（自然科学版），2015,43(3):189-196.
[20]高阳俊，耿春女，曹勇.基于三种污染危害评价方法的上海市郊区河网底泥重金属评价[J].环境工程，2015,33(10):121-125.