海口市东寨港红树林湿地植物多样性研究
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摘要
通过对海口市美兰区东寨港红树林湿地区域的植物群落调查,研究其植物群落物种组成、群落优势种和群落物种多样性特征,并采集湿地的水样、土样进行检测分析,以期为湿地的生态保护与管理提供有效依据。结果表明,(1)在14个调查样方中,共记录维管植物54科111属126种,以芸香科、茜草科、菊科、大戟科和红树科植物为主,植物组成较为丰富;(2)东寨港湿地植物群落的优势种群主要由红树植物和人工林植物组成,红树植物在乔灌层中均占有一定优势,而人工种植种在乔木层中的优势较为明显;(3)在东寨港湿地植物群落中,灌木群落的物种丰富度最高,草本群落的多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数均为最高;(4)东寨港湿地水体pH为中性略偏酸性,土壤p H为中性略偏碱性,湿地整体水体环境不错,但部分区域的水质存在富营养化和污染现象。
Based on the investigation of plant community in Dongzhaigang Mangrove Wetland nature Reserve in Haikou,the species composition,community dominant species and community species diversity characteristics of the plant community were studied,and the water samples and soil samples of the wetland were collected for detection and analysis in order to provide an effective basis for the ecological protection and management of wetlands. The results showed that,(1)In 14 survey samples,there were 54 familes 111 genera126 species of vascular plants,mainly in genus of Rutaceae、Rubiaceae、Asteraceeae、Euphorbiaceae and Rhizophoraceae,and the plant composition was abundant;(2)The dominant population of the plant community of Dongzhaigang Wetland was mainly composed of mangrove plants and plantation plants,mangrove plants all occupy certain advantages in the Arbor layers and shrubs layer,while the advantages of artificial planting species in the arbor layer are more obvious;(3)In the plant community of Dongzhaigang wetland,the species richness of shrub community is the highest, the diversity index and Pielou evenness index of herbaceous community are the highest;(4)The p H of Dongzhaigang wetland water is neutral and slightly acidic,the soil pH is neutral slightly alkaline,the whole wetland water environment is good,but the water quality is eutrophication and pollution phenomenon in some areas.
Based on the investigation of plant community in Dongzhaigang Mangrove Wetland nature Reserve in Haikou,the species composition,community dominant species and community species diversity characteristics of the plant community were studied,and the water samples and soil samples of the wetland were collected for detection and analysis in order to provide an effective basis for the ecological protection and management of wetlands. The results showed that,(1)In 14 survey samples,there were 54 familes 111 genera126 species of vascular plants,mainly in genus of Rutaceae、Rubiaceae、Asteraceeae、Euphorbiaceae and Rhizophoraceae,and the plant composition was abundant;(2)The dominant population of the plant community of Dongzhaigang Wetland was mainly composed of mangrove plants and plantation plants,mangrove plants all occupy certain advantages in the Arbor layers and shrubs layer,while the advantages of artificial planting species in the arbor layer are more obvious;(3)In the plant community of Dongzhaigang wetland,the species richness of shrub community is the highest, the diversity index and Pielou evenness index of herbaceous community are the highest;(4)The p H of Dongzhaigang wetland water is neutral and slightly acidic,the soil pH is neutral slightly alkaline,the whole wetland water environment is good,but the water quality is eutrophication and pollution phenomenon in some areas.
引文
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[2]徐珊.川西林盘植物多样性调查研究[D].成都:四川农业大学,2010.
[3]黄燕,毛君竹,詹红星,等.广州海珠国家湿地公园植物资源研究[J].林业与环境科学,2018,34(05):85-89.
[4]李小燕.黑河流域湿地典型植物群落的物种多样性[J].草业科学,2012,29(09):1335-1339.
[5]李有志,崔丽娟,潘旭等.辽河口湿地植物多样性及物种功能型空间分布格局[J].生物多样性,2015,23(4):471-478.
[6]梁振辉,冯尔辉,李隆飞,等.2015年海南东寨港红树林湿地鸟类调查[J].热带林业,2018,46(2):43-46.
[7]张冬杰,王雪宏,佟守正,等.松花江下游富锦段沿江恢复湿地植物多样性[J].湿地科学,2016,14(06):883-887.
[8]段遍红,滕玉风,占玉芳,等.黑河桥湿地植物群落组成与多样性研究[J].林业实用技术,2016,(12):27-30.
[9]赵琬婧,王清波,王瑜,等.黑龙江三江自然保护区天然湿地植物物种多样性研究[J].湿地科学与管理,2018,14(03):60-63.
[10]徐志高,周伟才,贺平华,等.湖南溆浦思蒙国家湿地公园植物多样性及植物区系研究[J].中南林业调查规划,2017,(03):51-55.
[11]彭爱华.淮阳龙湖湿地植物多样性调查分析[J].现代农业科技,2018,(23):168-169.
[12]温四民.临沂湿地植物多样性调查与分析[J].湿地科学,2015,13(5):630-635.
[13]李江,石佳,宗浩,等.绵阳市湿地维管植物区系组成及其特征分析[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,41(12):43-48.
[14]万媛媛,李洪远,莫训强,等.天津市临港城市湿地植物群落特征及多样性[J].水土保持通报,2016,(6):326-332.
[15]许军,王召滢,唐山,等.鄱阳湖湿地植物多样性资源调查与分析[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(3):93-97.
[16]戴兴安,胡曰利.长沙城市湿地植物多样性研究[J].草业科学,2012,29(04):629-635.