间伐对油松林下植被生物多样性及土壤物理性质的影响
|
摘要
采用样方调查和取样分析方法,研究甘肃兴隆山油松(Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.)人工林在不同密度条件下林下植被多样性和土壤因子的动态变化,为有效指导该区森林经营提供依据。结果表明:相同立地条件下中度间伐(林分密度从6 255株/hm~2调整为2 850株/hm~2)后油松林生物量具有显著增长,林下物种数量有所增加,草本层生物多样性和地上植被鲜质量均呈上升趋势,多样性指数、均匀度指数及优势度指数上升;年份和间伐对土壤物理性质均有显著影响,土层只对土壤容重、非毛管孔隙度和饱和含水量有影响;不同年份对枯落物和活地被物生物量有显著影响,间伐能够增加活地被物持水量。
引文
[1] 陈立新,陈祥伟,段文标.落叶松人工林凋落物与土壤肥力变化的研究[J].应用生态学报,1998,9(6):581-586.
[2] Chastain J R A,Currie W S,Townsend P A.Carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling implications of the evergreen under-story layer in appalachian forests[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2006,231:63-77.
[3] Kume A,Satomura T,Tsuboi N,et al.Effects of understory vegetation on the ecophysiological characteristics of an over-story pine,Pinus densiflora[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2003,176:195-203.
[4] Tilman D,Wedin D,Knops J.Productivity and sustainability influenced by biodiversity in grassland ecosystems[J].Nature,1996,379(22):718-720.
[5] 于长玲,郝吉刚.落叶松林下植被对土壤养分变化的影响[J].林业勘查设计,2009(2):52-54.
[6] 曲国辉,郭继勋.松嫩平原不同演替阶段植物群落和土壤特性的关系[J].草业学报,2003,12(1):18-22.
[7] Rodriguez-Loinaza G,O naindiaM,Amezagal,et al.Relati-onship between vegetation diversity and soil functional diversity in native mixed-oak forests[J].Soil Biology &Biochemistry,2008,40:49-60.
[8] 曹云,杨劼,宋炳煜,等.人工抚育措施对油松林生长及结构特征的影响[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(3)∶397-402.
[9] Arevalo J R,Fernandez-Palacios J M.From pine plantations to natural stands:Ecological restoration of a Pinuscanariensis Sweet ex Spreng forest[J].Plant Ecology,2005,181:217-226.
[10] 康冰,刘世荣,蔡道雄,等.马尾松人工林林分密度对林下植被及土壤性质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(10):2323-2331.
[11] HUFFMAN D W,MOORE M M.Responses of Fendler ceanothus to overstory thinning,prescribed re,and drought in an Arizona ponderosa pine forest[J].Forest Ecological and Management,2004,198:105-115.
[12] Gundale M J,Deluca T H,Fiedler C E,et al.Restorat-ion treatments in a Montana ponderosa pine forest:effects on soil physical,chemical,and biological properties[J].Forest Ecological and Management,2005,213:25-38.
[13] 李春义,马履一,王希群,等.抚育间伐对北京山区侧柏人工林林下植物多样性的短期影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2007,29(3):60-66.
[14] 段劼,马履一,贾黎明,等.北京地区侧柏人工林密度效应[J].生态学报,2010,30(12):3206-3214.
[15] 徐扬,刘勇,李国雷,等.间伐强度对油松中龄林人工林林下植被多样性的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(3):135-138.
[16] NagaikeT,HayashiA,KuboM,et al.Changes in plant species diversity over 5 years in Larix kaempferi plantations and abandoned coppice forests in central Japan.Forest Ecology and Management,2006,236:278-285.
[17] 马克平.生物群落多样性的测度方法Ⅰ:α多样性的测度方法(上)[J].生物多样性,1994 (3):162-168.
[18] 马克平,刘玉明.生物群落多样性的测度方法Ⅰ:α多样性的测度方法(下)[J].生物多样性,1994 (4):231-239.
[19] 张鼎华,叶章发,范必有,等.抚育间伐对人工林土壤肥力的影响[J].应用生态学报,2001,12(5):672-676.
[20] 王克勤,王斌瑞.黄土高原刺槐林间伐改造研究[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(1):11-15.
[21] 赵广亮,王继兴,王秀珍,等.油松人工林密度与养分循环关系的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2006,28(4):39- 44.
[22] Battles JJ,Shlisky AJ,Barrett RH,et al.2001.The effects of forest management on plant species diversity in a Sierran conifer forest[J].For Ecol Man,2001,146:211-222.
[23] 邓仕坚,张家武,陈楚莹,等.间伐强度对杉木-火力楠混交林生长影响的研究初报[J].应用生态学报,1995,6(3):231-236.
[24] 吴际友,龙应忠,童方平,等.湿地松人工林间伐效果初步研究[J].林业科学研究,1995,8(6):630-633.
[25] 杨玉盛,陈光水,谢锦升.南方林业经营措施与土壤侵蚀[J].水土保持通报,2000,20(6):55-59.
[26] 刘玉宝.29年生杉木林下植物多样性与密度的关系[J].福建林学院学报,2005,25(1):27-30.
[27] Paoli G D,Curran L M,Slik J W F.Soil nutrients affect spatial patterns of above ground biomass and emergent tree density in southwestern Borneo[J].Oecologia,2008,155:287-299.
[2] Chastain J R A,Currie W S,Townsend P A.Carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling implications of the evergreen under-story layer in appalachian forests[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2006,231:63-77.
[3] Kume A,Satomura T,Tsuboi N,et al.Effects of understory vegetation on the ecophysiological characteristics of an over-story pine,Pinus densiflora[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2003,176:195-203.
[4] Tilman D,Wedin D,Knops J.Productivity and sustainability influenced by biodiversity in grassland ecosystems[J].Nature,1996,379(22):718-720.
[5] 于长玲,郝吉刚.落叶松林下植被对土壤养分变化的影响[J].林业勘查设计,2009(2):52-54.
[6] 曲国辉,郭继勋.松嫩平原不同演替阶段植物群落和土壤特性的关系[J].草业学报,2003,12(1):18-22.
[7] Rodriguez-Loinaza G,O naindiaM,Amezagal,et al.Relati-onship between vegetation diversity and soil functional diversity in native mixed-oak forests[J].Soil Biology &Biochemistry,2008,40:49-60.
[8] 曹云,杨劼,宋炳煜,等.人工抚育措施对油松林生长及结构特征的影响[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(3)∶397-402.
[9] Arevalo J R,Fernandez-Palacios J M.From pine plantations to natural stands:Ecological restoration of a Pinuscanariensis Sweet ex Spreng forest[J].Plant Ecology,2005,181:217-226.
[10] 康冰,刘世荣,蔡道雄,等.马尾松人工林林分密度对林下植被及土壤性质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(10):2323-2331.
[11] HUFFMAN D W,MOORE M M.Responses of Fendler ceanothus to overstory thinning,prescribed re,and drought in an Arizona ponderosa pine forest[J].Forest Ecological and Management,2004,198:105-115.
[12] Gundale M J,Deluca T H,Fiedler C E,et al.Restorat-ion treatments in a Montana ponderosa pine forest:effects on soil physical,chemical,and biological properties[J].Forest Ecological and Management,2005,213:25-38.
[13] 李春义,马履一,王希群,等.抚育间伐对北京山区侧柏人工林林下植物多样性的短期影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2007,29(3):60-66.
[14] 段劼,马履一,贾黎明,等.北京地区侧柏人工林密度效应[J].生态学报,2010,30(12):3206-3214.
[15] 徐扬,刘勇,李国雷,等.间伐强度对油松中龄林人工林林下植被多样性的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(3):135-138.
[16] NagaikeT,HayashiA,KuboM,et al.Changes in plant species diversity over 5 years in Larix kaempferi plantations and abandoned coppice forests in central Japan.Forest Ecology and Management,2006,236:278-285.
[17] 马克平.生物群落多样性的测度方法Ⅰ:α多样性的测度方法(上)[J].生物多样性,1994 (3):162-168.
[18] 马克平,刘玉明.生物群落多样性的测度方法Ⅰ:α多样性的测度方法(下)[J].生物多样性,1994 (4):231-239.
[19] 张鼎华,叶章发,范必有,等.抚育间伐对人工林土壤肥力的影响[J].应用生态学报,2001,12(5):672-676.
[20] 王克勤,王斌瑞.黄土高原刺槐林间伐改造研究[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(1):11-15.
[21] 赵广亮,王继兴,王秀珍,等.油松人工林密度与养分循环关系的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2006,28(4):39- 44.
[22] Battles JJ,Shlisky AJ,Barrett RH,et al.2001.The effects of forest management on plant species diversity in a Sierran conifer forest[J].For Ecol Man,2001,146:211-222.
[23] 邓仕坚,张家武,陈楚莹,等.间伐强度对杉木-火力楠混交林生长影响的研究初报[J].应用生态学报,1995,6(3):231-236.
[24] 吴际友,龙应忠,童方平,等.湿地松人工林间伐效果初步研究[J].林业科学研究,1995,8(6):630-633.
[25] 杨玉盛,陈光水,谢锦升.南方林业经营措施与土壤侵蚀[J].水土保持通报,2000,20(6):55-59.
[26] 刘玉宝.29年生杉木林下植物多样性与密度的关系[J].福建林学院学报,2005,25(1):27-30.
[27] Paoli G D,Curran L M,Slik J W F.Soil nutrients affect spatial patterns of above ground biomass and emergent tree density in southwestern Borneo[J].Oecologia,2008,155:287-299.