千岛湖表层沉积物地球化学特征及其成因
|
摘要
对千岛湖87件表层沉积物的25项元素(指标)进行含量测定及R型因子分析,探讨了元素(指标)的来源和分布特征。结果表明:千岛湖表层沉积物以低I、Ca O、MgO,高Cd、Hg、N、S、Se、Corg(有机碳)等为特征。在查明表层沉积物地球化学特征的基础上,采用因子分析法对千岛湖表层沉积物地球化学特征的成因进行了详细分析,共提取了6个主成分因子,累积贡献率达到78. 735%;农业生产、工业废物、生物作用及自然作用是影响表层沉积物地球化学特征的成因的主要因子。
The contents of 25 elements( indicators) in 87 surface sediments of Qiandao Lake were determined and R-factor analysis was carried out. The source and distribution characteristics of elements( indicators) were discussed. The results show that the surface sediments of Qiandao Lake are characterized by low I,CaO,MgO and high Cd,Hg,N,S,Se and Corg. On the basis of understanding the geochemical characteristics of surface sediments,the factor analysis method was used to analyze the causes of the geochemical characteristics of surface sediments in Qiandao Lake. Six principal components were extracted,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 78. 735%. Agricultural production,industrial waste,biological and natural processes were the main factors affecting the geochemical characteristics of surface sediments.
The contents of 25 elements( indicators) in 87 surface sediments of Qiandao Lake were determined and R-factor analysis was carried out. The source and distribution characteristics of elements( indicators) were discussed. The results show that the surface sediments of Qiandao Lake are characterized by low I,CaO,MgO and high Cd,Hg,N,S,Se and Corg. On the basis of understanding the geochemical characteristics of surface sediments,the factor analysis method was used to analyze the causes of the geochemical characteristics of surface sediments in Qiandao Lake. Six principal components were extracted,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 78. 735%. Agricultural production,industrial waste,biological and natural processes were the main factors affecting the geochemical characteristics of surface sediments.
引文
1李敏，成杭新，李括．中国淡水湖泊沉积物地球化学背景与环境质量基准建立的思考[J]．地学前缘，2018,25(4):276-284Li Min,Cheng Hangxing,Li Kuo. Geochemical background of freshwater lake sediments:A constraint on the establishment of sediment quality guide lines in China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers. 2018,25(4):276-284
2 杭鑫，徐敏，谢小萍．富营养化状态下太湖蓝藻水华气象条件影响的评估[J]．科学技术与工程，2019,19(7):294-301Hang Xin,Xu Min,Xie Xiaoping. Assessment of the influence of meteorological conditions on cyanobacteria bloom in Taihu lake under eutrophication[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2019,19(7):294-301
3 余员龙，任丽萍，刘其根，等．2007—2008年千岛湖营养盐时空分布及其影响因素[J]．湖泊科学，2010,22(5):684-692Yu Yuanlong,Ren Liping,Liu Qigen,et al. Temporal and spatial distribution of nutrients and the influence factors of lake qiandao during 2007—2008[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2010,22(5):684-692
4 李培培，史文，刘其根，等．千岛湖叶绿素a的时空分布及其与影响因子的相关分析[J]．湖泊科学，2011,34(4):568-574Li Peipei,Shi Wen,Liu Qigen,et al. Spatial and temporal distribution patterns of Chlorophyll-a and the correlation analysis with environmental factors in Lake Qiandao[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2011,34(4):568-574
5 盛海燕，虞左明，刘明亮，等．千岛湖冬季浮游植物光合活性[J]．生态学杂志，2014,33(2):365-372Sheng Haiyan,Yu Zuoming,Liu Mingliang,et al. The photosynthetic activity of phytoplankton in Qiandao Lake in winter[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology 2014,33(2):365-372
6 张明，唐访良，吴专旭，等．千岛湖表层沉积物中多环芳烃污染特征及生态风险评价[J]．中国环境科学，2014,34(1):253-258Zhang Migng,Tang Fangliang,Wu Zhuanxu,et al. Pollution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in surface sediments from Xin'anjiang reservoir[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(1):253-258
7 陈峰，唐访良，徐建芬，等．千岛湖表层沉积物中有机氯农药的残留特征及生态风险评价[J]．湖泊科学，2014,26(4):593-599Chen Feng,Tang Fangliang,Xun Jianfen,et al. Residue characteristics and ecological risk assessment of organochlorine pesticide(OCPs)in the surface sediments of Lake Qiandao[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2014,26(4):593-599
8 韩晓霞，朱广伟，吴志旭，等．新安江水库(千岛湖)水质时空变化特征及保护策略[J]．湖泊科学，2013,25(6):836-845Han Xiaoxia,Zhu Guangwei,Wu Zhixu,et al. Spatial-temporal variations of water quality parameters in Xin'anjiang Reservoir(Lake Qiandao)and the water protection strategy[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2013,25(6):836-845
9 韩伟明．千岛湖水环境质量调查与保护对策[J]．湖泊科学，1996,8(4):337-344Han Weiming. Investigation and protection on countermeasures of water environmental quality in Qiandao Lake[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,1996,8(4):337-344
10 迟清华，鄢明才．应用地球化学元素丰度数据手册[M]．北京:地质出版社，2007:82-83Chi Qinghua,Yan Mingcai. Handbook of elemental abundance for applied geochemistry[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2007:82-83
11 Zhang S,Yang D,Li F L,et al. Determination of regional soil geochemical baselines for trace metals with principal component regression:A case study in the Jianghan plain,China[J]. Applied Geochemistry,2014,48:193-206
12 Song Y X,Ji J F,Yang Z F,et al. Geochemical behavior assessment and apportionment of heavy metal contaminants in the bottom sediments of lower reach of Changjiang River[J]. Catena,2011,85:73-81
13 朱青青，王中良．中国主要水系沉积物中重金属分布特征及来源分析[J]．地球与环境，2012,40(3):305-313Zhu Qingqing,Wang Zhongliang. Distribution characteristics and source analysis of heavy metals in sediments of the main river systems in China[J]. Earth and Environment,2012,40(3):305-313
14 Garciar,Maiz I,Millan E. Heavy metal contamination analysis of road soils and grasses from Gipuzkoa(Spain)[J]. Environmental Technology,1996,17(7):763-770
15 Gray C W,Mclaren R G,Roberts A H C,et al. The effect of longterm phosphatic fertiliser applications on the amounts and forms of cadmium in soils under pasture in New Zealand[J]. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,1999,54(3):267-277
16 Rasmussen P E,Villard D J,Gardner H D,et al. Mercury in lake sediments of the precambrian shield near Huntsville,Ontario,Canada[J]. Environmental Geology,1998,33(2-3):170-182
17 车霏霏，甄卓，王大鹏，等．太湖不同营养水平湖区表层沉积物的砷分布特征及其生态风险[J]．环境科学学报，2017,37(5):1623-1631Che Feifei,Zhen Zhuo,Wang Dapeng,et al. Spatial distributions and ecological risks of arsenic in the surface sediment from different eutrophic regions of Lake Taihu[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2017,37(5):1623-1631
18 沈敏，于红霞，邓西海．长江下游沉积物中重金属污染现状与特征[J]．环境监测管理与技术，2006,18(5):15-18Shen Ming,Yu Hongxia,Deng Xihai. Heavy metals in surface sedmients from lower reach of the Yangtze River[J]. The Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring,2006,18(5):15-18
19刘恩峰，沈吉，朱育新，等．太湖表层沉积物重金属元素的来源分析[J]．湖泊科学，2004,16(2):113-119Liu Enfeng,Sheng Ji,Zhu Yuxing,et al. Source analysis of heavy metals in surface sediments of Lake Taihue[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2004,16(2):113-119
20 柴立立，崔邢涛．河北省重点城市土壤重金属污染评价与防治对策———以石家庄市为例[J]．科学技术与工程，2019,19(3):261-269Chai Lili,Cui Xingtao. Pollution assessments and prevention countermeasures of heavy metals of soil in main cities of Hebei Province:Taking Shijiazhuang as an example[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2019,19(3):261-269
21 杜臣昌，刘恩峰，羊向东，等．巢湖沉积物重金属富集特征与人为污染评价[J]．湖泊科学，2012,24(1):59-66Du Chenchang,Liu Enfeng,Yang Xiangdong,et al. Characteristics of enrichment and evaluation of anthropogenic pollution of heavy metals in the sediments of lake Chaohu[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2012,24(1):59-66
22 鲁文艳，恒鹏，吴志旭，等．千岛湖流域下游工业污染的行业组成结构与优化管理策略[J]．湖泊科学，2017,29(2):317-325Lu Wenyan,Heng Peng,Wu Zhixu,et al. Industry pollution structure and the optimal management strategy in lower reaches of Lake Qiandao basin[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2017,29(2):317-325
2 杭鑫，徐敏，谢小萍．富营养化状态下太湖蓝藻水华气象条件影响的评估[J]．科学技术与工程，2019,19(7):294-301Hang Xin,Xu Min,Xie Xiaoping. Assessment of the influence of meteorological conditions on cyanobacteria bloom in Taihu lake under eutrophication[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2019,19(7):294-301
3 余员龙，任丽萍，刘其根，等．2007—2008年千岛湖营养盐时空分布及其影响因素[J]．湖泊科学，2010,22(5):684-692Yu Yuanlong,Ren Liping,Liu Qigen,et al. Temporal and spatial distribution of nutrients and the influence factors of lake qiandao during 2007—2008[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2010,22(5):684-692
4 李培培，史文，刘其根，等．千岛湖叶绿素a的时空分布及其与影响因子的相关分析[J]．湖泊科学，2011,34(4):568-574Li Peipei,Shi Wen,Liu Qigen,et al. Spatial and temporal distribution patterns of Chlorophyll-a and the correlation analysis with environmental factors in Lake Qiandao[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2011,34(4):568-574
5 盛海燕，虞左明，刘明亮，等．千岛湖冬季浮游植物光合活性[J]．生态学杂志，2014,33(2):365-372Sheng Haiyan,Yu Zuoming,Liu Mingliang,et al. The photosynthetic activity of phytoplankton in Qiandao Lake in winter[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology 2014,33(2):365-372
6 张明，唐访良，吴专旭，等．千岛湖表层沉积物中多环芳烃污染特征及生态风险评价[J]．中国环境科学，2014,34(1):253-258Zhang Migng,Tang Fangliang,Wu Zhuanxu,et al. Pollution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in surface sediments from Xin'anjiang reservoir[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(1):253-258
7 陈峰，唐访良，徐建芬，等．千岛湖表层沉积物中有机氯农药的残留特征及生态风险评价[J]．湖泊科学，2014,26(4):593-599Chen Feng,Tang Fangliang,Xun Jianfen,et al. Residue characteristics and ecological risk assessment of organochlorine pesticide(OCPs)in the surface sediments of Lake Qiandao[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2014,26(4):593-599
8 韩晓霞，朱广伟，吴志旭，等．新安江水库(千岛湖)水质时空变化特征及保护策略[J]．湖泊科学，2013,25(6):836-845Han Xiaoxia,Zhu Guangwei,Wu Zhixu,et al. Spatial-temporal variations of water quality parameters in Xin'anjiang Reservoir(Lake Qiandao)and the water protection strategy[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2013,25(6):836-845
9 韩伟明．千岛湖水环境质量调查与保护对策[J]．湖泊科学，1996,8(4):337-344Han Weiming. Investigation and protection on countermeasures of water environmental quality in Qiandao Lake[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,1996,8(4):337-344
10 迟清华，鄢明才．应用地球化学元素丰度数据手册[M]．北京:地质出版社，2007:82-83Chi Qinghua,Yan Mingcai. Handbook of elemental abundance for applied geochemistry[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2007:82-83
11 Zhang S,Yang D,Li F L,et al. Determination of regional soil geochemical baselines for trace metals with principal component regression:A case study in the Jianghan plain,China[J]. Applied Geochemistry,2014,48:193-206
12 Song Y X,Ji J F,Yang Z F,et al. Geochemical behavior assessment and apportionment of heavy metal contaminants in the bottom sediments of lower reach of Changjiang River[J]. Catena,2011,85:73-81
13 朱青青，王中良．中国主要水系沉积物中重金属分布特征及来源分析[J]．地球与环境，2012,40(3):305-313Zhu Qingqing,Wang Zhongliang. Distribution characteristics and source analysis of heavy metals in sediments of the main river systems in China[J]. Earth and Environment,2012,40(3):305-313
14 Garciar,Maiz I,Millan E. Heavy metal contamination analysis of road soils and grasses from Gipuzkoa(Spain)[J]. Environmental Technology,1996,17(7):763-770
15 Gray C W,Mclaren R G,Roberts A H C,et al. The effect of longterm phosphatic fertiliser applications on the amounts and forms of cadmium in soils under pasture in New Zealand[J]. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,1999,54(3):267-277
16 Rasmussen P E,Villard D J,Gardner H D,et al. Mercury in lake sediments of the precambrian shield near Huntsville,Ontario,Canada[J]. Environmental Geology,1998,33(2-3):170-182
17 车霏霏，甄卓，王大鹏，等．太湖不同营养水平湖区表层沉积物的砷分布特征及其生态风险[J]．环境科学学报，2017,37(5):1623-1631Che Feifei,Zhen Zhuo,Wang Dapeng,et al. Spatial distributions and ecological risks of arsenic in the surface sediment from different eutrophic regions of Lake Taihu[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2017,37(5):1623-1631
18 沈敏，于红霞，邓西海．长江下游沉积物中重金属污染现状与特征[J]．环境监测管理与技术，2006,18(5):15-18Shen Ming,Yu Hongxia,Deng Xihai. Heavy metals in surface sedmients from lower reach of the Yangtze River[J]. The Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring,2006,18(5):15-18
19刘恩峰，沈吉，朱育新，等．太湖表层沉积物重金属元素的来源分析[J]．湖泊科学，2004,16(2):113-119Liu Enfeng,Sheng Ji,Zhu Yuxing,et al. Source analysis of heavy metals in surface sediments of Lake Taihue[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2004,16(2):113-119
20 柴立立，崔邢涛．河北省重点城市土壤重金属污染评价与防治对策———以石家庄市为例[J]．科学技术与工程，2019,19(3):261-269Chai Lili,Cui Xingtao. Pollution assessments and prevention countermeasures of heavy metals of soil in main cities of Hebei Province:Taking Shijiazhuang as an example[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2019,19(3):261-269
21 杜臣昌，刘恩峰，羊向东，等．巢湖沉积物重金属富集特征与人为污染评价[J]．湖泊科学，2012,24(1):59-66Du Chenchang,Liu Enfeng,Yang Xiangdong,et al. Characteristics of enrichment and evaluation of anthropogenic pollution of heavy metals in the sediments of lake Chaohu[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2012,24(1):59-66
22 鲁文艳，恒鹏，吴志旭，等．千岛湖流域下游工业污染的行业组成结构与优化管理策略[J]．湖泊科学，2017,29(2):317-325Lu Wenyan,Heng Peng,Wu Zhixu,et al. Industry pollution structure and the optimal management strategy in lower reaches of Lake Qiandao basin[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2017,29(2):317-325