我国农业农村污染治理与监管体系主要问题及对策建议
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摘要
我国农村环保工作起步晚、基础差、保障不足,主要表现为政策标准体系尚需完善、农业农村污染治理责任仍未充分落实、适应农村社会经济特点的环境监管机制亟待建立、农业农村污染治理模式欠缺以及农村环境保护技术帮扶和宣传教育任重道远。针对这些问题,结合国内外实践经验,本文提出几点建议:一是要建立全面协调的农村生态环境管理政策体系;二是要夯实各级政府和部门的农村环保责任;三是要构建适应农村特点的环境监管体系;四是要探索便捷有效的农村环境治理模式;五是要完善农村环境教育和帮扶体系。
China's rural environmental protection work started late,has a poor foundation and insufficient security,mainly manifested in the imperfection of the policy standard system,the insufficient implementation of the responsibility of pollution control in agricultural and rural areas,the urgent need to establish an environmental supervision mechanism adapted to the social and economic characteristics of rural areas,the serious shortage of convenient and effective mode of pollution control in agricultural and rural areas. There is a long way to go for environmental protection technology assistance and publicity and education. In view of these problems,combined with practical experience at home and abroad,this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions: first,to establish a comprehensive and coordinated rural ecological environment management policy system; second,to consolidate the rural environmental protection responsibility of governments and departments at all levels; third,to build an environmental supervision system adapted to rural characteristics; fourth,to explore convenience and efficient governance mode; the fifth is to improve the rural environmental education and support system.
China's rural environmental protection work started late,has a poor foundation and insufficient security,mainly manifested in the imperfection of the policy standard system,the insufficient implementation of the responsibility of pollution control in agricultural and rural areas,the urgent need to establish an environmental supervision mechanism adapted to the social and economic characteristics of rural areas,the serious shortage of convenient and effective mode of pollution control in agricultural and rural areas. There is a long way to go for environmental protection technology assistance and publicity and education. In view of these problems,combined with practical experience at home and abroad,this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions: first,to establish a comprehensive and coordinated rural ecological environment management policy system; second,to consolidate the rural environmental protection responsibility of governments and departments at all levels; third,to build an environmental supervision system adapted to rural characteristics; fourth,to explore convenience and efficient governance mode; the fifth is to improve the rural environmental education and support system.
引文
[1]环境保护部答网民关于“农村缺垃圾回收处理、家门口快变成垃圾山”的留言[EB/OL].(2018-02-26).http://www.gov.cn/hudong/2018-02/26/content_5268853.htm.
[2]国家统计局.第三次全国农业普查主要数据公报(第三号)[EB/OL].(2017-12-15).http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjgb/nypcgb/qgnypcgb/201712/t20171215_1563589.html.
[3]中华人民共和国农业农村部.对十二届全国人大五次会议第7686号建议的答复[EB/OL].(2017-07-05).http://www.moa.gov.cn/gk/jyta/201707/t20170705_5737793.htm.
[4]国家统计局.中华人民共和国2017年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[EB/OL].(2018-02-28).http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/201802/t20180228_1585631.html.
[5]贾小梅,陈颖,赵源坤,等.我国农村生活垃圾治理的困境与机制模式创新--基于河北、浙江、广西等地农村生活垃圾治理的调研[J].环境与可持续发展,2018(3):66-68.
[6]朱国平.农民环保意识淡薄的主要原因探析[J].理论观察,2015(7):100-101.
[7]曾靖涵,张莹,周佳艳,等.浙江农民环境意识调研[J].法制博览,2017(17):134-135.
[2]国家统计局.第三次全国农业普查主要数据公报(第三号)[EB/OL].(2017-12-15).http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjgb/nypcgb/qgnypcgb/201712/t20171215_1563589.html.
[3]中华人民共和国农业农村部.对十二届全国人大五次会议第7686号建议的答复[EB/OL].(2017-07-05).http://www.moa.gov.cn/gk/jyta/201707/t20170705_5737793.htm.
[4]国家统计局.中华人民共和国2017年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[EB/OL].(2018-02-28).http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/201802/t20180228_1585631.html.
[5]贾小梅,陈颖,赵源坤,等.我国农村生活垃圾治理的困境与机制模式创新--基于河北、浙江、广西等地农村生活垃圾治理的调研[J].环境与可持续发展,2018(3):66-68.
[6]朱国平.农民环保意识淡薄的主要原因探析[J].理论观察,2015(7):100-101.
[7]曾靖涵,张莹,周佳艳,等.浙江农民环境意识调研[J].法制博览,2017(17):134-135.