功能化树枝状聚合物处理综合电镀废水的研究
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摘要
合成了一种新型树枝状聚合物TE-6CSSNa,并对比氢氧化钠(NaOH)和二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸钠(SDD),重点考察pH和投加量对实际电镀废水中Cu和Ni去除效果的影响。结果表明,pH和投加量都对重金属的去除有较大影响。随着pH或投加量的增加,Cu和Ni残留浓度呈现先降低后升高的趋势。废水中ρ(Cu)=6.82 mg/L、ρ(Ni)=64.36 mg/L,单独使用NaOH或SDD时,出水都无法达到《电镀污染物排放标准》(GB 21900-2008)表3中Cu和Ni特别排放限值要求(Cu<0.3 mg/L,Ni<0.1 mg/L),而采用TE-6CSSNa处理废水,在pH=8.6、投加量为275 mg/L、反应5 min、静置30 min时,残留Ni浓度远低于表3的排放限值,残留Cu浓度甚至低于检出限,说明TE-6CSSNa处理效果明显优于NaOH和SDD,具有重大的实用意义。
In this research, a new type of dendrimer(TE-6 CSSNa) was synthesized. Compared with sodium hydroxide(NaOH) and dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt(SDD), the effects of pH and dosage of agents on removal of Cu and Ni in electroplating wastewater were investigated. Results showed that the initial pH and dosage strongly influenced the removal of Cu and Ni. With increase of pH or dosage, the residual Cu and Ni concentrations decreased first and then increased. Using NaOH or SDD separately as treatment agent, the effluent can not meet Cu and Ni special emission limit of 《Emission standard of pollutants for electroplating》(GB21900-2008) when the initial concentrations of Cu and Ni were 6.82 mg/L and 64.36 mg/L. Whereas treated wastewater could reach and even far below the standard values when using TE-6 CSSNa to treatment the wastewater, under the conditions of dosage 275 mg/L, pH 8.6, reaction time 5 min and leave it for 30 minutes. The removal efficiency of TE-6 CSSNa was obviously better than NaOH and SDD, which suggested that TE-6 CSSNa has potential ability for heavy metals removal from wastewater.
In this research, a new type of dendrimer(TE-6 CSSNa) was synthesized. Compared with sodium hydroxide(NaOH) and dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt(SDD), the effects of pH and dosage of agents on removal of Cu and Ni in electroplating wastewater were investigated. Results showed that the initial pH and dosage strongly influenced the removal of Cu and Ni. With increase of pH or dosage, the residual Cu and Ni concentrations decreased first and then increased. Using NaOH or SDD separately as treatment agent, the effluent can not meet Cu and Ni special emission limit of 《Emission standard of pollutants for electroplating》(GB21900-2008) when the initial concentrations of Cu and Ni were 6.82 mg/L and 64.36 mg/L. Whereas treated wastewater could reach and even far below the standard values when using TE-6 CSSNa to treatment the wastewater, under the conditions of dosage 275 mg/L, pH 8.6, reaction time 5 min and leave it for 30 minutes. The removal efficiency of TE-6 CSSNa was obviously better than NaOH and SDD, which suggested that TE-6 CSSNa has potential ability for heavy metals removal from wastewater.
引文
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[2] 姚润丰.7成以上河流湖泊遭受污染3亿多人饮水不安全[J].环境教育,2005,(2):40.
[3] 王风贺,王国祥,王志良,等.重金属捕集剂XMT处理电镀废水中Cu的试验研究[J].水处理技术,2011,37(10):100-102.
[4] 戴文灿,周发庭,黄晴.Na2S-DDTC深度处理络合Ni高浓度电镀废水[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(3):768-777.
[5] 广东省环境保护厅.《广东省环境保护厅关于珠江三角洲地区执行国家排放标准水污染物特别排放限值的通知》(粤环[2012]83号)[EB/OL].www.gdep.gov.cn/zwxx_1/zfgw/shbtwj/201212/t20121213_133485.html ,2012-11-30.
[6] 王亮.电镀铜镍废水化学处理工艺的优化研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.
[7] 国务院.中华人民共和国环境保护税法实施条例(国令第693号)[EB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2017-12/30/content_5251797.htm ,2017-12-30
[8] 孟超,孟庆庆.化学沉淀法处理含铬电镀废水的工程应用研究[J].环境科学与管理,2013,38(4):106-110.
[9] 戴文灿,周发庭.电镀含镍废水治理技术研究现状及展望[J].工业水处理,2015,35(7):14-18.
[10] 严苹方,孙水裕,叶茂友,等.巯基重金属捕集剂脱除电镀废水中低浓度Ni的效能及机理研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(9):2833-2839.
[11] 王文星.电镀废水处理技术研究现状及趋势[J].电镀与精饰,2011,33(5):42-46.
[12] 刘定富,葛丽颖.pH值调控对电镀废水处理的影响[J].环保科技,2008,14(1):8-10.
[13] 周发庭.复配Na_2S-DDTC深度处理高浓度络合Ni电镀废水应用研究[D].广州:广东工业大学,2016.
[14] 刘立华,吴俊,令玉林,等.高分子重金属螯合絮凝剂的制备及其除Cu～(2+),Ni～(2+)的性能研究[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2010,25(4):104-109.
[15] Hackett D S,Siggia S.EXCHANGE RESINS-Environmental Analysis-SELECTIVE CONCENTRATION AND DETERMINATION OF TRACE METALS USING POLY(DITHIOCARBAMATE) CHELATING ION[J].Environmental Analysis,1977:253–265.