焦作市大气污染物特征和相关性分析
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摘要
为研究焦作市大气污染特征及其相关性,对2015—2017年焦作市4个国控空气监测点位的监测数据进行统计分析。结果表明:2015—2017年城区环境空气污染SO_2、NO_2、CO、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)浓度均呈逐年下降趋势;大气污染浓度季节变化特征明显,PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、SO_2、NO_2、CO的浓度均为冬季最高、夏季最低,空气质量指数也在冬季达到最高值; O_3浓度则为夏季最高、冬季最低。2017年焦作市沙尘天气共计36 d,严重影响了环境空气中颗粒物的浓度。由PM_(2.5)与PM_(10)的比值说明大气颗粒物污染以PM_(2.5)为主。通过SPSS软件分析,SO_2、NO_2、CO、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)浓度间呈两两正相关,O_3浓度与NO_2、CO呈负相关。
To study the pollution characteristics and relevance of atmospheric pollutants in Jiaozuo,this paper analyzed the 2015-2017 monitoring data of 4 ambient air monitoring sites in Jiaozuo. The results showed that the concentrations of SO_2,NO_2,CO,PM_(10),PM_(2.5) decreased in the city year by year.Atmospheric pollutants had obvious seasonal characteristics. The concentration of PM10,PM_(2.5),SO_2,NO_2,CO were the highest in winter and lowest in autumn,while the AQI was the highest in winter. But the concentration of O_3 was the highest in summer and lowest in winter. The dusty weather in 2017 totaled 36 d,which seriously affected the concentration of particulate matter in the ambient air.The ratio of atmospheric PM_(2.5) to PM_(10) showed that atmospheric particulate matter pollution is mainly caused by fine particulate matter. Analysis by SPSS software,there was a positive correlation between the SO_2,NO_2,CO,PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) concentrations. Negative correlations existed between the O_3 concentration and the NO_2,CO concentrations.
To study the pollution characteristics and relevance of atmospheric pollutants in Jiaozuo,this paper analyzed the 2015-2017 monitoring data of 4 ambient air monitoring sites in Jiaozuo. The results showed that the concentrations of SO_2,NO_2,CO,PM_(10),PM_(2.5) decreased in the city year by year.Atmospheric pollutants had obvious seasonal characteristics. The concentration of PM10,PM_(2.5),SO_2,NO_2,CO were the highest in winter and lowest in autumn,while the AQI was the highest in winter. But the concentration of O_3 was the highest in summer and lowest in winter. The dusty weather in 2017 totaled 36 d,which seriously affected the concentration of particulate matter in the ambient air.The ratio of atmospheric PM_(2.5) to PM_(10) showed that atmospheric particulate matter pollution is mainly caused by fine particulate matter. Analysis by SPSS software,there was a positive correlation between the SO_2,NO_2,CO,PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) concentrations. Negative correlations existed between the O_3 concentration and the NO_2,CO concentrations.
引文
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[3]程麟钧，王帅，宫正宇，等．京津冀区域臭氧污染趋势及时空分布特征[J]．中国环境监测，2017,33(1):14-21.CHENG Linjun,WANG Shuai,GONG Zhengyu,et al.Pollution Trends of Ozone and Its Characteristics of Temporal and Spatial Distribution in Beijing-TianjinHebei Region[J]. Environmental Monioring in China,2017,33(1):14-21.
[4]于洲，刘寿东，王咏薇，等．杭州市2014年城区大气污染物浓度变化特征观测分析[J]．科学技术与工程，2016,16(16):95-104.YU Zhou,LIU Shoudong, WANG Yongwei, et al.Observation of Atmospheric Pollutants in the Urban Area of Hangzhou[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(6):95-104.
[5]环境保护部，国家发展和改革委员会，财政部，等．关于印发《京津冀及周边地区2017年大气污染防治工作方案》的通知[EB/OL].[2019-05-15].http://dqhj. mee. gov. cn/zcfg/201709/t20170915_421697.html.
[6]环境保护部科技标准司．环境空气质量标准:GB3095—2012[S]．北京．中国环境科学出版社，2012.
[7]杨小露，李海波，李成，等．武汉市大气污染特征及变化趋势[J]湖北大学学报:自然科学版，2017,39(4):361-366.YANG Xiaolu,LI Haibo,LI Cheng,et al. Atmospheric pollution characteristic and changing trend in Wuhan[J]. Journal of Hubei University:Natural Science,2017,39(4):361-366.
[8]刘永林，孙启民，钟明洋，等．重庆市主城区PM2. 5时空分布特征[J]．环境科学，2016,37(4):1 219-1 229.LIU Yonglin,SUN Qimin,ZHONG Mingyang,et al.Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of PM2. 5in Chongqing Urban Areas[J]. Environmental Science,2016,37(4):1 219-1 229.
[9]环境保护部办公厅．关于印发《受沙尘天气过程影响城市空气质量评价补充规定》的通知[EB/OL].[2018-05-17]. http://www. mee. gov. cn/gkml/hbb/bgt/201701/t20170106_394054.html.
[10]崔淑华，倪艳姝．城市主要气体污染物与PM2. 5相关性建模分析[J]．森林工程，2016,32(2):65-68.Cui Shuhua Ni Yanshu. The Correlation Analysis of Main Gas Pollutants and PM2. 5in an Urban City[J].Forest Engineering,2016,32(2):65-68.
[11]易睿，王亚林，张殷俊，等．长江三角洲地区城市臭氧污染特征与影响因素分析[J]．环境科学学报，2015,35(8):2 370-2 377.YI Rui,WANG Yalin,ZHANG Yinjun,et al. Pollution characteristics and influence factors of ozone in Yangtze River Delta[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(8):2 370-2 377.