从传统“和”文化看环境哲学中国化理论体系的构建
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摘要
随着科技的不断进步与经济的迅猛发展,环境问题日益凸显。如何处理发展与环境的关系以及人与自然之间的矛盾,成为摆脱当前生态危机的首要任务。生态危机实则是文化危机,但西方环境哲学仍旧局限于处理人与自然之间的矛盾关系,并没有看到解决环境问题的实质在于文化的根基。如今我国对环境哲学的研究走过了30余年的风雨历程,无论是"翻译和引进阶段"还是"讨论与论争阶段",都使得环境哲学在中国得以不断发展;但从目前的发展情况来看,我国对环境哲学的研究大多只停留在借鉴西方环境伦理思想的层面上,并没有结合中国自身的传统文化以及当代的生态文明建设,导致了环境哲学在本土化尝试的过程中举步维艰,从而也很难上升为完整的理论体系。为解决以上难题,从中国传统文化的精髓——"和"文化入手,将其划分为阴阳之道的宇宙观、和同之辨的方法论、知行合一的认识论、中庸之德的道德观和天人合一的价值观,并以此为基础结合西方环境哲学思想,构建中国环境哲学的宇宙观、方法论、认识论、道德观及价值观,使之上升为系统的理论体系。以传统"和"文化为基础,以西方环境哲学思想为结合点,以中国生态文明建设实践为检验标准,由此三个维度的统一来构建中国环境哲学理论体系的雏形,填补我国环境哲学界在此项的空白,并为中国的生态文明建设指出一条切实可行的道路。
Absrtact: With the continuous progress and rapid development of science and technology,environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. How to deal with the relationship between development and environment and the contradiction between man and nature have become a primary task to get rid of the current ecological crisis. Ecological crisis is actually cultural crisis. However, western environmental philosophy is still confined to dealing with the contradiction between human and nature, and fails to see that the essence of solving environmental problems lies in the cultural foundation. The study of environmental philosophy in China has gone through 30 years, no matter"translation and introduction stage"or"discussion and debate stage", resulting in the development of environmental philosophy in China, but seen from the current development situation, the study of environmental philosophy in China is mostly confined to the western environmental ethics thought without the combination with the traditional culture and contemporary ecological civilization construction in China. Thus, the localization of environmental philosophy in China is faced with difficulties, which makes it hard to form a complete theoretical system. To solve the above problems,"He"culture in Chinese traditional culture is employed, which is divided into the universe view with Yin and Yang, the methodology with debate of"He"and"alikeness", the epistemology with the unity of knowledge and practice, moral values and the unity of nature and values. On this basis, combining with western environmental philosophy, the systemic theoretical system of Chinese environmental philosophy is expected to be build with its universe view, methodology, epistemology, morals and values. Thus, a complete theoretical system can be formed based on the traditional"He"culture, combining with western environmental philosophy, and testing with the ecological civilization construction practice in China, which will fill the blank in the field of Chinese environmental philosophy and provide a feasible approach for China's ecological civilization construction.
Absrtact: With the continuous progress and rapid development of science and technology,environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. How to deal with the relationship between development and environment and the contradiction between man and nature have become a primary task to get rid of the current ecological crisis. Ecological crisis is actually cultural crisis. However, western environmental philosophy is still confined to dealing with the contradiction between human and nature, and fails to see that the essence of solving environmental problems lies in the cultural foundation. The study of environmental philosophy in China has gone through 30 years, no matter"translation and introduction stage"or"discussion and debate stage", resulting in the development of environmental philosophy in China, but seen from the current development situation, the study of environmental philosophy in China is mostly confined to the western environmental ethics thought without the combination with the traditional culture and contemporary ecological civilization construction in China. Thus, the localization of environmental philosophy in China is faced with difficulties, which makes it hard to form a complete theoretical system. To solve the above problems,"He"culture in Chinese traditional culture is employed, which is divided into the universe view with Yin and Yang, the methodology with debate of"He"and"alikeness", the epistemology with the unity of knowledge and practice, moral values and the unity of nature and values. On this basis, combining with western environmental philosophy, the systemic theoretical system of Chinese environmental philosophy is expected to be build with its universe view, methodology, epistemology, morals and values. Thus, a complete theoretical system can be formed based on the traditional"He"culture, combining with western environmental philosophy, and testing with the ecological civilization construction practice in China, which will fill the blank in the field of Chinese environmental philosophy and provide a feasible approach for China's ecological civilization construction.
引文
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[2]张岱年.中国哲学中“天人合一”思想的剖析[J].北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版),1985(1):1-8.
[3]Murdy W H.Anthropocentrism:a modern version[J].Science,1975(187):1168-1175.
[4]卢风.整体主义环境哲学对现代性的挑战[J].中国社会科学,2012(9):43-62.
[5]杨天.礼记译注[M].北京:中国古籍出版社,2007:148.