不同水力负荷沼液栽培水生经济植物效果研究
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摘要
通过设计沼液进出水动态系统,开展沼液在不同水力负荷条件下栽培水生蕹菜试验研究,分析沼液净化效果及植株生长情况。结果表明:水力负荷在1.1×10~(-2)m~3/(m~2·d)到1.7×10~(-2)m~3/(m~2·d)之间沼液净化效果最好,COD、NH_4~+-N、TP去除率都达到了60%以上,水生蕹菜可食用部分重金属含量均低于绿色食品水生蔬菜(NY/T 1405—2015)标准要求。因此,合理水力负荷下栽培水生蕹菜能够有效净化猪场养殖废水,沼液栽培的水生蕹菜无论作为可食用蔬菜还是青饲料,食用安全性都是有保障的,还可回收沼液中部分氮磷,具有一定经济效益。
In this research, we cultivated aquatic water spinach under different hydraulic loads of biogas slurry by using the inlet and outlet water dynamic system, and analyzed the purifying effect of biogas slurry and the growth of aquatic water spinach. The results showed that the purifying effect of biogas slurry was the best when the hydraulic load was between 1.1×10~(-2) and 1.7×10~(-2)m~3/(m~2·d), and the removal efficiency of COD, NH_4~+-N and TP was more than 60%. At the same time, the heavy metals concentration in the edible parts of aquatic water spinach was lower than that stipulated by the Standard of Green Food Aquatic Vegetables(NY/T 1405-2015). Therefore, aquatic water spinach cultivated under reasonable hydraulic load would effective purifying of waste water from pig farm, and could be used as edible vegetables and green fodder whose safety of food was guaranteed, and recycle some of the nitrogen and phosphorus in biogas slurry to achieve certain economic benefits.
In this research, we cultivated aquatic water spinach under different hydraulic loads of biogas slurry by using the inlet and outlet water dynamic system, and analyzed the purifying effect of biogas slurry and the growth of aquatic water spinach. The results showed that the purifying effect of biogas slurry was the best when the hydraulic load was between 1.1×10~(-2) and 1.7×10~(-2)m~3/(m~2·d), and the removal efficiency of COD, NH_4~+-N and TP was more than 60%. At the same time, the heavy metals concentration in the edible parts of aquatic water spinach was lower than that stipulated by the Standard of Green Food Aquatic Vegetables(NY/T 1405-2015). Therefore, aquatic water spinach cultivated under reasonable hydraulic load would effective purifying of waste water from pig farm, and could be used as edible vegetables and green fodder whose safety of food was guaranteed, and recycle some of the nitrogen and phosphorus in biogas slurry to achieve certain economic benefits.
引文
[1]吴建强,黄沈发,丁玲.水生植物水体修复机理及其影响因素[J].水资源保护,2007,23(4):18-22,36.
[2]戴全裕,蔡述伟,张秀英.水芹菜对黄金废水的净化与富集作用研究[J].应用生态学报,1998,9(1):107-109.
[3]贺锋,吴振斌.水生植物在污水处理和水质改善中的应用[J].植物学通报,2003,20(6):641-647.
[4]王国祥,濮培民,张圣照,等.冬季水生高等植物对富营养化湖水的净化作用[J].中国环境科学,1999,19(2):106-109.
[5]龚龙,韩士群,周庆,等.水生植物对螃蟹养殖水体原位修复及其强化净化效果[J].江苏农业学报,2015,31(2):342-349.
[6]杨凤江,李立明.利用水生植物治理淀粉废水[J].环境保护科学,1996,22(2):24-26.
[7]唐金艳,曹培培,徐驰,等.水生植物腐烂分解对水质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(1):83-89.
[8]徐丽,葛大兵,谢小魁.水力停留时间对人工湿地运行的影响[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(31):219-223.
[9]许彩云,靳红梅,杜静,等.水力停留时间对猪粪厌氧发酵残留物中磺胺类抗生素分布的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(11):2187-2194.
[10]张志勇,冯明雷,杨林章,等.间歇流模拟人工湿地去氮除磷效果及N-2O排放的小试研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(6):2129-2138.
[11]张颖,邓良伟.猪场废水厌氧消化过程中的除磷效果[J].农村生态环境,2012,28(1):93-97.
[12]孟祥至,孟昭福,赵君楠,等.进水氨氮浓度对SBR法处理猪场废水的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(8):1656-1663.
[13]梁威,胡洪营.人工湿地净化污水过程中的生物作用[J].中国给水排水,2003,19(10):28-31.
[14]郑阳,赵宇希,赵璐,等.水力停留时间对ABR系统处理红糖废水效果的影响[J].广东化工,2016,43(9):22-24.
[15] NY/T 1405—2015,绿色食品水生蔬菜标准[S].
[16]梁郭栋.蔬菜产品安全质量标准[J].农业技术与装备,2015(6):63-65.
[17] GB 5009.11—2014,食品安全国家标准食品中总砷及无机砷的测定[S].
[18] GB 5009.12—2010,食品安全国家标准食品中铅的测定[S].
[19] GB 5009.17—2014,食品安全国家标准食品中总汞及有机汞的测定[S].
[20] GB 13078—2001,饲料卫生标准[S].
[2]戴全裕,蔡述伟,张秀英.水芹菜对黄金废水的净化与富集作用研究[J].应用生态学报,1998,9(1):107-109.
[3]贺锋,吴振斌.水生植物在污水处理和水质改善中的应用[J].植物学通报,2003,20(6):641-647.
[4]王国祥,濮培民,张圣照,等.冬季水生高等植物对富营养化湖水的净化作用[J].中国环境科学,1999,19(2):106-109.
[5]龚龙,韩士群,周庆,等.水生植物对螃蟹养殖水体原位修复及其强化净化效果[J].江苏农业学报,2015,31(2):342-349.
[6]杨凤江,李立明.利用水生植物治理淀粉废水[J].环境保护科学,1996,22(2):24-26.
[7]唐金艳,曹培培,徐驰,等.水生植物腐烂分解对水质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(1):83-89.
[8]徐丽,葛大兵,谢小魁.水力停留时间对人工湿地运行的影响[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(31):219-223.
[9]许彩云,靳红梅,杜静,等.水力停留时间对猪粪厌氧发酵残留物中磺胺类抗生素分布的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(11):2187-2194.
[10]张志勇,冯明雷,杨林章,等.间歇流模拟人工湿地去氮除磷效果及N-2O排放的小试研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(6):2129-2138.
[11]张颖,邓良伟.猪场废水厌氧消化过程中的除磷效果[J].农村生态环境,2012,28(1):93-97.
[12]孟祥至,孟昭福,赵君楠,等.进水氨氮浓度对SBR法处理猪场废水的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(8):1656-1663.
[13]梁威,胡洪营.人工湿地净化污水过程中的生物作用[J].中国给水排水,2003,19(10):28-31.
[14]郑阳,赵宇希,赵璐,等.水力停留时间对ABR系统处理红糖废水效果的影响[J].广东化工,2016,43(9):22-24.
[15] NY/T 1405—2015,绿色食品水生蔬菜标准[S].
[16]梁郭栋.蔬菜产品安全质量标准[J].农业技术与装备,2015(6):63-65.
[17] GB 5009.11—2014,食品安全国家标准食品中总砷及无机砷的测定[S].
[18] GB 5009.12—2010,食品安全国家标准食品中铅的测定[S].
[19] GB 5009.17—2014,食品安全国家标准食品中总汞及有机汞的测定[S].
[20] GB 13078—2001,饲料卫生标准[S].